An Algorithm for Detecting Ice Cloud at Different Altitudes by Combining Dual CrIS Full Spectrum Resolution CO2 Channels

Using infrared sensors to detect ice clouds in different atmospheric layers is still a challenge. The different scattering and absorption properties of longwave and shortwave infrared channels can be utilized to fulfill this purpose.In this study, the release of Suomi-NPP Cross-track Infrared Sounder(Cr IS) full spectrum resolution is used to select and pair channels from longwave(～ 15 μm) and shortwave(～4.3 μm) CO_2 absorption bands under stricter conditions, so as to better detect ice clouds. Besides, the differences of the weighting function peaks and cloud insensitive level altitudes of the paired channels are both within 50 h Pa so that the variances due to atmospheric conditions can be minimized. The training data of clear sky are determined by Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite(VIIRS) cloud mask product and used to find the linear relationship between the paired longwave and shortwave CO_2 absorption channels. From the linear relationship, the so-called cloud emission and scattering index(CESI) is derived to detect ice clouds. CESI clearly captures the center and the ice cloud features of the Super Typhoon Hato located above 415 h Pa. Moreover, the CESI distributions agree with cloud top pressure from the VIIRS in both daytime and nighttime in different atmospheric layers.     

地震波品质因子Q研究进展综述

研究地震波的衰减可以了解岩石的微构造及变化,以及岩石在地下所遇到的环境条件.衰减主要由岩石的微观性质-诸如岩石内部裂纹的密度、分布、构造以及所含流体的相互作用决定的,所以测量地震波的衰减对于了解岩石的物理状态非常重要.本文主要从岩石物理方面阐述了各种衰减机制、品质因子Q的主要影响因素及测量方法;说明了Q作为各种参量(频率、孔隙度、流体含量等)的函数是很有意义的观测量,对Q的测量在实际探测油气中有着重要意义.     

高压循环注浆结合钢管托换在桩基补强中的应用探讨

灌注桩施工过程中,经常遇到不良地层,导致在灌注桩身混凝土的过程中,孔壁局部坍塌,使得土体进入混凝土中,造成灌注桩断桩、桩身混凝土存在缺陷及桩端承载力不足等情况。而高压循环注浆结合钢管托换补强技术可以很好地对上述问题进行处理。结合桩基补强工程实例,对其设计、计算和应用进行探讨和分析,并对高压循环注浆结合钢管托换补强技术加固效果进行抽心检测,检测结果表明：经补强加固后的桩基承载力满足设计要求。     

基于神经网络的点状地图符号识别

地图符号识别是地图成图自动化的一个重要研究方向,但是传统的地图符号识别方法已经不能满足数字地图发展的需要,迫切需要一种用自动化技术代替人工数字化的作业方式[1].因此地图符号的识别是整个技术的关键,而点状地图符号的识别更是地图符号识别的基础.本文探讨和研究了基于神经网络的点状地图符号识别.     

控距式磁场线圈和检验标位系统的研制及科学意义

迄今为止使用的磁场线圈间距全为固定式,而环境又几乎全有较大的磁场梯度。因此理论上设计的均匀性、正交性等随着时空或相辅条件变化而变化时,就不能实施监测和校正。该系统的研制使线圈间距由固定变成相对均位调控或不对称调控,可确实补偿客观存在的磁场梯度。从而提高了监测精度,也有效地解决了磁场梯度的校正问题,填补了国内这一应用领域的空白。      

GPS动态定位中LAMBDA算法的分析及验证

利用载波相位观测量进行GPS动态定位的关键技术是模糊度的动态确定（AROF）,模糊度解算的实时性和可靠性是AROF研究的热点和难点。深入研究LAMBDA算法的原理和方法,并用实例解算进行分析,验证LAMBDA算法对模糊度求解的快速、准确和可靠,具有很好的实用价值。     

Wave Run-up on A Vertical Seawall Protected by An Offshore Submerged Barrier

Submerged barriers are constructed in coastal zones for shoreline or harbor protection or to prevent the beach erosion. In the present study, the wave run-up on a vertical seawall protected by a submerged barrier is analyzed. The physical configurations include a rigid barrier and a long channel of finite depth. For linear water waves, by matching the velocity along the barrier and along the gap, the systems of linear equations about the velocity potentials are obtained. The wave run-up is further analyzed for various settings of barrier height and distance between the barrier and the wall, i.e. the chamber length. For nonlinear waves and random sea waves, a numerical model is extended to investigate the effect parameters of the barrier on the wave run-up against the seawall. Not only the numerical simulations, but also the analytical results illustrate that the wave run-up on the seawall depends very much on the distance between the barrier and the vertical seawall.     

30种中药及其复方对温和气单胞菌的抗菌作用

为评价中药对温和气单胞菌的体外抑菌效果,取鱼腥草、五倍子、黄芩等30种中药,采用水提法制备药液,通过试管二倍稀释法测定各药液对温和气单胞菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(MBC),筛选出抗菌作用较强的中药作为主药,与牡丹皮、龙胆草、蒲公英等18种中药组成复方,测定中药复方对温和气单胞菌的体外抑制效果。结果表明:五倍子、山茱萸、白芍对温和气单胞菌有较强抑菌活性(MIC≤12.5mg/mL),选取8种主药与清热凉血、清热燥湿、清热解毒药分别组成复方,其中五倍子、诃子、五味子、乌梅与其他多种中药组成的复方抗菌作用增强。     

穿墙雷达中的多目标探测研究

分析了使用超宽带信号进行穿墙目标探测的基本原理。针对电磁波在不同介质中传播速率不同以及墙体折射造成的雷达回波信号时延出现误差的问题,提出了时延估计的搜索算法并以此建立了接收和处理目标回波的系统模型。通过估计房间内不同位置的时延信息来建立时延信号矩阵,并根据宽带信号相关处理技术,完成对墙体后多个目标的探测。仿真实验表明,该方法简单有效。     

新疆艾比湖湿地自然保护区不同土壤类型无机碳分布特征

土壤无机碳（SIC）是干旱区土壤碳库的重要组成部分,分析其特征和储量是开展干旱区荒漠生态系统碳循环研究的必要基础。基于新疆艾比湖湿地自然保护区土壤剖面的实测数据,分析了不同土壤类型SIC分布特征及其差异性,估算了研究区SIC储量,并探讨SIC含量与分布、储量特点以及与土壤有机碳（SOC）和理化因子间关系。结果表明：各类型平均SIC含量为53.06～79.90 g·kg–1;类型间SIC含量有显著差异（p<0.05）,50 cm以上各层SIC含量顺序为灰棕漠土>盐碱土>水成土>荒漠风沙土,50 cm以下则盐碱土和水成土逐渐占优势。SIC含量的垂直分布总体表现为低-高-低的特征（10 cm单位土壤深度）,除灰棕漠土外,SIC含量在剖面上的变化较均匀。研究区无机碳密度平均为9.37 kg·m-2,SIC库储量为234.50 Tg。SIC含量与SOC及含水量呈显著的正相关,并随土壤深度增加有增加趋势;与土壤容重和表层pH值负相关,相关性较弱。