考虑土拱效应的悬臂式抗滑桩最大桩间距确定

合理桩间距的确定是抗滑桩设计的重要内容之一。认为抗滑桩的抗滑能力主要来自桩身迎荷面的阻滑能力和桩侧的阻滑能力这两个方面。在假定抗滑桩这两方面的阻滑能力均充分发挥的基础上,从桩侧摩阻力与桩后土拱极限剪切作用厚度范围内的摩阻力与拱后滑坡推力之间的静力平衡条件出发,基于Mohr-Coulomb强度准则,简化摩阻力的分布形式,建立悬臂式抗滑桩桩间距的计算公式。在此基础上,进一步研究了滑坡体的黏聚力、滑坡推力及抗滑桩的截面尺寸等因素对桩间距的影响。参数分析结果表明：桩侧阻滑能力在整个抗滑桩的抗滑能力中占有重要比例,且主要受桩侧面宽度控制;滑坡土体的黏聚力、内摩擦角,桩截面宽度等因素对抗滑桩最大桩间距具有较大程度影响。     

Influence of Spur Dike on Hydrodynamic Exchange Between Channel and Shoal of Generalization Estuary in Physical Model Test

Widely applied in maintaining estuarial waterway depth, the spur dike has played an important role in currents and sediment exchange between channel and shoal and sediment back-silting in the channel. Through establishing a generalized physical model at a bifurcated estuary and conducting current tests under the joint action of runoff and tide, the influence of the spur dike length on current exchange between channel and shoal is analyzed. Results show that when the spur dike length reaches a certain value, the direction of the flow velocity shear front between the channel and shoal will change. The longer the spur dike, the larger the transverse fluctuating velocity at the peak of flood in the channel shoal exchange area, while the transport of the transverse hydrodynamics is obvious in the process of flood. There is an optimum length of spur dike when the shear stress in the channel and the longitudinal velocity in flood and ebb reach the maximum, and the flow velocity will decrease when the spur dike length is smaller or larger than the optimum. For a certain length of spur dike, the larger the channel shoal elevation difference, the larger the peak longitudinal flow velocity in the middle of the navigation channel in flood and ebb. However, the transverse flow velocity will first decrease and then increase. The transverse transportation is obvious when the channel shoal elevation difference increases.     

AN EAST ASIAN SUBTROPICAL SUMMER MONSOON INDEX DEFINED BY MOISTURE TRANSPORT

Using daily NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset and observation rainfall data in China for the 1971- 2000 period, a subtropical summer monsoon index has been defined by meridional moisture transport of the total atmosphere column. Results show that the subtropical summer monsoon index defined by the difference of meridional moisture transport between South China and North China can be used to describe the intensity of the subtropical summer monsoon. High (low) index is corresponding to strong (weak) subtropical summer monsoon. And the new index is well related to the summer rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River. In addition, the convergence of moisture transport from the west Pacific via the South China Sea and that from the North China may be responsible for the anomalously excessive summer rainfall over the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River.     

地物化遥综合信息矿产预测图库管理系统

地物化遥综合信息矿产预测图库管理系统是对利用综合信息矿产预测系统在不同地区、不同矿种进行成矿预测时自动生成的各种解译结果的空间信息和图形文件进行管理的系统.依据预测系统生成图形文件的特点,图库管理系统建立其位置信息库;依据位置信息库与图库文件进行关联,采用菜单方式和目录树方式实现对图库文件的管理;依据预测系统生成元数据文件的特点,图库管理系统将元数据文件与其描述的图形文件封装在一起,通过图形文件查看其对应的元数据信息,实现元数据文件的隐藏.图库管理系统实现了对图形文件的浏览、属性浏览、条件查询、叠加分析以及元数据的查看等功能.     

基于供求关系的庐山旅游地生命周期驱动力分析

总结前人对旅游地生命周期影响因素的研究,基于经济供求视角,指出旅游产品的供求矛盾是影响旅游地生命周期演化的根本驱动力,构建了旅游产品影响因素的供求矛盾驱动模型。并以"世界文化景观"庐山为例,划分其生命周期阶段,分析各阶段的供求矛盾,验证了供求矛盾驱动模型的科学性和有效性。分析当前庐山旅游的供求矛盾,并提出相应的对策与建议。     

INTERANNUAL VARIATION IN HEAT CONTENT OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC WARM POOL AND ITS EFFECT ON EASTERN ASIAN CLIMATE ANOMALIES

Using the 1980-2010 winter GODAS oceanic assimilations, study is conducted of the winter heat content (HC) established in the subsurface layer (5 to 366 m in depth) over the western Pacific warm pool (WP), followed by investigating the HC spatiotemporal characteristics, persistence and the impacts on the climate anomalies of neighboring regions. Results are as follows: 1) the pattern of integral consistency is uncovered by the leading EOF1 (PC1) mode of HC interannual variability, the year-to-year fluctuation of the time coefficients being well indicative of the interannual anomaly of the WP winter subsurface-layer thermal regime. The HC variation is bound up with ENSO, keeping pronounced autocorrelation during the following two seasons and more, with the persistence being more stable in comparison to SSTA in the equatorial middle eastern Pacific; 2) the winter HC anomalies produce lasting effect on the WP thermal state in the following spring and summer and corresponding changes in the warm water volume lead to the meridional transport and vertical exchange of warm water, which exerts greater impacts upon the sea surface temperature/heat flux over the warm pool per se and neighboring regions, especially in the Philippine Sea during the posterior spring and summer; 3) the increase in the winter HC corresponds to the spring OLR decrease and richer precipitation over the waters east to the Philippine Sea and the resultant convective heating anomalies are responsible for the rise of geopotential isobaric surfaces over tropical and subtropical western North Pacific, thereby producing effect on the western Pacific subtropical high (anomaly). Subsequently, the sea-surface heat flux exchange is intensified in the warm pool, a robust anomalous cyclone shows up at lower levels, air-sea interactions are enhanced and abnormal convective heating occurs, together making the winter HC anomalies even more closely associated with the variation in the summer subtropical high. As a result, the WP winter HC can be used as an effective predictor of the variation in spring/summer western Pacific subtropical high and the strength of summer monsoon over the northwestern Pacific.     

华北夏季降水与哈得孙湾海冰的相关分析

利用195l一2000年全国160站逐月降水资料划分了华北夏季的旱涝年，并分析了该地区夏季降水的气候特征。在分析华北夏季降水与北极各海区海冰同期和滞后相关的基础上，发现哈得孙湾5—8月的海冰与同年华北夏季降水存在很好的负相关。同时发现哈得孙湾关键时段内的海冰与亚洲夏季风指数呈负相关，与8月西太平洋副热带高压的西伸脊点呈明显的正相关，而与8月西太平洋副高的强度呈明显的负相关。此外还发现哈得孙湾海冰多、少年，东亚西风急流有显著差异。结果表明，哈得孙湾关键时段内海冰面积偏大(小)，同年亚洲夏季风偏弱(强)，8月西太平洋副高的位置偏东(西)，强度偏弱(强)，东亚西风急流减弱(加强)。     

大气中的波流相互作用研究进展

简要回顾了近年来关于波动同纬向平均流相互作用的研究进展,重点讨论了E-P通量和波作用守恒理论的研究进展,同时,还介绍了波流作用稳定性问题的理论研究动态.     

GTSPP资料在BCC海洋资料同化系统中的同化效果分析

介绍了国家气候中心第二代海洋资料同化系统(BCC_GODAS2.0)所用的模式和同化方案,并设计了两个试验对同化系统的效果和稳定性进行检验:一个是加入GTSPP资料的1990—2008年19 a的同化试验,另一个是同时段内不加任何资料的模拟试验。利用OISST和SODA(Simple Ocean Data Assimilation)数据集对试验结果进行评估。评估结果表明,加入GTSPP资料的同化结果可以有效改进原模式对温度和盐度的模拟。在表层,整个海洋的温度和盐度场误差都有所减小,其中热带太平洋的改进效果最为明显;此外,同化结果能更好地反映Nino3和Nino4区海表温度的时间演变。垂直层次上的修正效果也很明显,在200 m左右的混合层效果改进最好,温度的均方根误差可减小1.5℃,盐度的均方根误差可减小0.6 psu。     

东亚夏季风期间水汽输送与西北干旱的关系

利用西北(区)168个测站1961—2000年6～9月月平均降水与温度资料,采用EOF、REOF方法分析了近40年降水异常特征,同时利用同期NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料,分析了强(弱)夏季风年西北区水汽通量场的特征及夏季风西北影响区的净水汽通量。结果表明:西北区6～9月降水可分为7个气候异常区;东亚夏季风对我国降水的影响主要位于100°E以东的地区;东亚夏季风西北影响区降水的水汽来源于南风水汽通量;强夏季风年,到达东亚夏季风西北影响区的水汽通量显著增加,该区降水偏多,弱夏季风年则反之。