煤岩孔隙度主控地质因素及对煤层气开发的影响

为系统分析煤岩孔隙度主控地质因素及对其煤层气开发的影响,统计分析了全国37个主要煤层气区块/矿区的压汞孔隙度等数据。利用相关趋势分析方法分煤级着重探讨煤级、煤体结构、镜质组、灰分等因素对煤岩孔隙度以及煤层气开发的影响。结果表明:Ro,max是储层物性评价的重要参数,低煤级区煤岩孔隙度对Ro,max的变化最为敏感,且孔隙度平均值随成熟度升高呈现出高-低-高-低的变化。低煤级区同一煤层气区块/矿区内部,孔隙度变化区间大于高煤级区同一煤层气区块/矿区内部孔隙度的变化区间。中低煤级区,复杂的煤体结构对煤储层物性具有破坏作用;高煤级区,复杂的煤体结构对物性有一定的改善作用。镜质组含量与孔隙度呈负相关关系,灰分产率与孔隙度无明显相关性,且在低煤级区镜质组含量和灰分产率与孔隙度均具有明显的负相关性,是孔隙度评价的重要参数;而在中高煤级区,二者对孔隙度的影响可以忽略。煤岩大中孔比例和储层平均渗透率随平均孔隙度的增高而增高,孔隙度大小尤其是孔隙度随煤级的变化规律对不同煤级区煤层气开发潜力评价具有重要指导意义。     

Estimation model of sandy soil liquefaction based on RES model

In order to evaluate sandy soil liquefaction, Rock Engineering Systems (RES) was utilized to establish the estimation model of sandy soil liquefaction. Aiming at unascertained factors in the analysis of sandy soil liquefaction evaluation, earthquake magnitude, maximum ground acceleration, the value of standard penetration test, specific penetration resistance, relative density, mean particle size, and water table were selected as influencing factors of sandy soil liquefaction. The interaction matrix was utilized to describe the interaction among the factors. Expert semi-quantitative (ESQ) method was employed to code the interaction matrix. The interaction strength and dominance were analyzed by cause and effect diagram. Finally, the estimation model-based RES was proposed, and the results were in line with actual situation well. In addition, the improved estimation model-based RES was also presented and discussed, which was more convenient with the same prediction accuracy rate.     

Advancing the understanding of variations of Arctic sea ice optical and thermal behaviors through an international research and mobility project

In recent decades, significant changes of Arctic sea ice have taken place. These changes are expected to influence the surface energy balance of the ice-covered Arctic Ocean. To quantify this energy ba...     

A new record of Sebastes koreanus from China based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding

A new record of Sebastes koreanus(Kim and Lee,1994) was documented based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding. Fifty-six S ebastes specimens were collected from the coastal waters of northern China. Samples were identified as S. koreanus based on morphological characters. The coloration and morphometric measurements were consistent with those described from specimens collected in South Korea. In this study,specimens had the following morphological characteristics:light brown body with dark stripes and tiny dark spots,4–5 wide indistinct vertical patterns on the side,2 radial stripes behind and below the eyes,1 large dark blotch on the opercle. Additionally,the following meristic characters were recorded:dorsal fin XIV-13,pectoral fin 16,anal fin III-6–7,pelvic fin I-5,lateral line scales 29–30,and vertebrae 26. The fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I(C OI) gene of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The mean genetic distance within the species was 0.3%. Net genetic distances between S. koreanus and other S ebastes species ranged from 3.1% to 7.6%,which was greater than the threshold for species delimitation. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the validity of S. koreanus in China at the genetic level. The origion,evolution,patterns of speciation and unique features in genome divergence among primate lineages of this species still need future directions of research.     

黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡油气成藏机制与成藏模式

挠曲坡折带油气资源前景广阔,已成为陆相湖盆中的勘探开发与研究热点。由于古地貌或古构造的差异造成多阶挠曲型斜坡地层发生多个折曲变形,同时,由于斜坡结构及构造特征、沉积特征和烃源岩特征等均存在较大的差异,导致复杂的油气分布和油气成藏过程。以多阶挠曲型斜坡——黄骅坳陷歧北斜坡为例,通过研究斜坡形成和演化过程中古地貌和断层耦合下的斜坡结构和构造特征、输导体系、油气运移路径和运移动力等特征,揭示了多阶挠曲斜坡的油气成藏机制。结果表明,歧北斜坡长轴和短轴方向上的古地形、断层及组合样式、砂体成因类型与延伸范围、与烃源岩接触关系、油气运移动力与路径等方面均存在较大差异。长轴方向具有以下特点：以挠曲坡折构造为界,高、中、低斜坡分异;大型断层不发育且三角洲砂体范围局限,中、低斜坡以近源砂体输导为主,砂体连通性好;形成了坡折背景的"缓坡-双边断脊优势-源控型"成藏模式。短轴方向特点为：以滨海断层、港东断层、南大港断层为边界,发育近东西走向的断层坡折构造,次级断层发育,剖面和平面上呈多种组合方式;水下扇砂体连通性好,与一系列断层形成阶梯状输导路径;形成了"近源-阶梯状输导-断控型"成藏模式。     

中国冬季气温月际变化特征及其对大气环流异常的响应

基于1951—2014年中国160站月气温和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,利用季节的经验正交函数分解（S-EOF）等方法,研究了中国冬季气温月际变化的时、空演变特征及其对大气环流异常的响应。结果表明,中国冬季气温在月尺度上常常出现前、后冬相反甚至冷暖交替的现象。中国冬季气温月际变化存在3个主模态:全冬一致型、前后反相型和冷暖交替型。当西伯利亚高压冬季一致偏强（偏弱）时,冬季一致冷（暖）;当海陆热力差异由强变弱、西伯利亚高压强度由强变弱,东亚西风急流比较稳定,强度偏强,位置由南向北移动时,冬季前冷后暖;当大气环流发生突变,尤其是海平面气压场和500 hPa位势高度场上大气活动中心的频繁调整,西伯利亚高压强度在月时间尺度上强弱交替时,冬季气温呈冷—暖—冷交替变化。      

Latest Progress of the Chinese Meteorological Satellite Program and Core Data Processing Technologies

In this paper,the latest progress,major achievements and future plans of Chinese meteorological satellites and the core data processing techniques are discussed.First,the latest three FengYun(FY)meteorological satellites(FY-2H,FY-3D,and FY-4A)and their primary objectives are introduced Second,the core image navigation techniques and accuracies of the FY meteorological satellites are elaborated,including the latest geostationary(FY-2/4)and polar-orbit(FY-3)satellites.Third,the radiometric calibration techniques and accuracies of reflective solar bands,thermal infrared bands,and passive microwave bands for FY meteorological satellites are discussed.It also illustrates the latest progress of real-time calibration with the onboard calibration system and validation with different methods,including the vicarious China radiance calibration site calibration,pseudo invariant calibration site calibration,deep convective clouds calibration,and lunar calibration.Fourth,recent progress of meteorological satellite data assimilation applications and quantitative science produce are summarized at length.The main progress is in meteorological satellite data assimilation by using microwave and hyper-spectral infrared sensors in global and regional numerical weather prediction models.Lastly,the latest progress in radiative transfer,absorption and scattering calculations for satellite remote sensing is summarized,and some important research using a new radiative transfer model are illustrated.     

胶北地体西涝口地区牧牛山二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素研究——指示华北克拉通古元古代岩浆作用及地壳演化

胶北地体古元古代花岗岩位于胶—辽—吉带南部,是华北克拉通东部陆块东缘的重要古元古代造山带。西涝口地区牧牛山二长花岗岩作为胶北地体出露的少数古元古代花岗岩之一,也是西涝口、辽上、郭城等大型金矿床的赋矿围岩,有重要研究价值。笔者通过岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及Lu-Hf同位素分析,讨论了其形成时代及成因机制。经研究发现,该岩体富硅(SiO2=75. 79%~76. 10%),富碱（Na2O+K2O=6. 88%~7. 18%）,为准铝质钙碱性岩系列（A/CNK值为0. 86~0. 95）;Rb、U、Ta、Pb相对富集,Ba、Nb相对亏损,Sr强烈亏损,岩石10000Ga/Al值为2. 88~3. 50,属A型板内花岗岩;岩体中岩浆锆石具明显振荡环带结构,相对亏损LREE并逐步富集HREE,具明显正Ce异常和负Eu异常,加权平均年龄为2113±22 Ma,代表其侵位时间为古元古代;变质增生锆石的HREE富集程度明显高于核部岩浆锆石,且具更加强烈的正Ce异常和稍弱负Eu异常,加权平均年龄为1850±24 Ma,代表区内变质事件年龄;εHf(t)值为-3. 75~+5. 17,TDM2值为2450~2712 Ma,该岩体与胶北地体2. 5 Ga TTG岩石具相同的地壳演化趋势,暗示其源自太古宙陆壳的重熔。     

甘肃省地方标准“绿色矿山建设规范”编制说明

论述了甘肃省地方标准《绿色矿山建设规范》（煤矿、金属矿、非金属矿、石油天然气、砂石粘土矿5个部分）的编制背景、编制过程、编制原则、主要内容、主要特点、使用《规范》的几点说明。重点从基本条件、资源开发利用、节能减排、科技创新与智能化建设、矿区环境、企业管理与企业形象等绿色矿山建设的6个主要方面进行简要论述;与行业标准进行对比分析,总结《规范》的共性特点和各部分特点。     

Transparent soil test evaluation of vertical–horizontal mixed curtain during dewatering

Acta Geotechnica - The vertical–horizontal curtain system (VH curtain) is sometimes utilized in foundation pit dewatering under complex hydrogeological conditions. However, the working...