On hydraulic falls of two-layer flow

Ｏｎｈｙｄｒａｕｌｉｃｆａｌｌｓｏｆｔｗｏ－ｌａｙｅｒｆｌｏｗ￥ＸｕＺｈａｏｔｉｎｇ;ＬｏｕＳｈｕｎｌｉ;ＴｉａｎＪｉｗｅｉａｎｄＳａｍｕｅｌＳｈａｎｐｎＳｈｅｎ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＰｈｙｓｉｃａｌＤｅｅａｎｏｐａｐｈｙａｎｄＰｈｙｓｉｃａｌｏｃ...     

几种河口生物对天津市污水及其若干组分的回避反应

综合污水包括工业废水、生活污水和农业废水(含化肥、农药等)。据统计，每年排人渤海湾的工业废水达5.28亿吨，生活污水1.4亿吨，它们绝大部分经排污河汇流人海，造成了河口海域的污染。 鱼类等海洋生物具有敏锐的嗅觉和味觉，在体表上亦分布有许多化学感受器，能够感知许多低浓度的化学物质，并发生回避反应，这是海洋生物对水环境污染的一种保护性反应。我们利用梭鱼Mugil so-iuy、鲈鱼Lateolabrax japonicus、罗非鱼Tilapia mossambica和对虾Penaeus orientalis等几种河口生物对天津市南、北排污河综合污水及其主要有机污染物的回避反应进行了试验研究，探讨综合污水及其几种主要有毒组分对海洋生物的毒性效应，为海域环境管理提供科学依据。     

烟台、威海南部近岸海域物理自净能力研究——Ⅱ.拉格朗日余流模型

在该海域潮流计算的基础上,利用有限元法建立了二维的拉格朗日余流模型,得出了威海及烟台南部海域的拉格朗日余流分布。跟踪了文登、乳山、海阳、莱阳近岸主要排污口的污水输运轨迹,为沿岸县市污水排放的选址提供理论依据。     

不同植物光合膜中镁离子诱导荧光同膜表面电荷变化相关性的比较研究

用水培的大麦苗及１９９２年，秋在青岛汇泉湾采集的大叶藻和刺松藻制备叶绿体膜，观测了Ｍｇ＾２＋诱导它们的ＰＳ－１１ Ｃｈ１α荧光和膜表面电荷变化之间的相互关系，发现在大麦和大叶藻中，Ｍｇ＾２＋诱导荧光的增高与其诱导膜表面电荷密度的降低平行相关；而在刺松藻中，则无类似的相关性变化，这不仅证明在大麦和大叶藻的叶绿体膜中阳离子对激发能分配的调节作用受膜表面静电性质的控制，而在刺松藻的叶绿体膜中则与膜表面静     

Analysis of the water content in an unconfined aquifer with a partially penetrated pumping well

Most methods developed to represent water flow phenomena in an unconfined aquifer with a fully penetrated pumping well are either numerical, such as the well‐known FEMWTER model, or experimental; analytical models of a partially penetrated pumping well are rare. This study employs the linearized Richards equation as the governing equation, with the aid of Fourier Integral Transformation, to obtain an analytical solution of the water content distribution in an unconfined aquifer with a partially penetrated pumping well. The results from this study could serve to substantiate in some sense results from numerical models. In addition, the theory developed herein can be modified to simulate a vacuum‐pressured pumping well since it is derived by considering, among others, the location and length of a well screen with fluxes. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Trends and zonal variability of extreme rainfall events over East Africa during 1960–2017

Natural Hazards - East African countries (Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, and Burundi) are prone to weather extreme events. In this regard, the past occurrence of extreme rainfall events is...     

Dynamic evolution model of isothermal voids and shocks

We explore self-similar hydrodynamic evolution of central voids embedded in an isothermal gas of spherical symmetry under the self-gravity. More specifically, we study voids expanding at constant radial speeds in an isothermal gas and construct all types of possible void solutions without or with shocks in surrounding envelopes. We examine properties of void boundaries and outer envelopes. Voids without shocks are all bounded by overdense shells and either inflows or outflows in the outer envelope may occur. These solutions, referred to as type void solutions, are further divided into subtypes and according to their characteristic behaviours across the sonic critical line (SCL). Void solutions with shocks in envelopes are referred to as type voids and can have both dense and quasi-smooth edges. Asymptotically, outflows, breezes, inflows, accretions and static outer envelopes may all surround such type voids. Both cases of constant and varying temperatures across isothermal shock fronts are analyzed; they are referred to as types and void shock solutions. We apply the ‘phase net matching procedure’ to construct various self-similar void solutions. We also present analysis on void generation mechanisms and describe several astrophysical applications. By including self-gravity, gas pressure and shocks, our isothermal self-similar void (ISSV) model is adaptable to various astrophysical systems such as planetary nebulae, hot bubbles and superbubbles in the interstellar medium as well as supernova remnants.      

柴北缘大型基底断裂——马仙断裂的构造特征研究

利用地面地质、地球物理和钻井资料,对位于柴达木盆地北缘的马仙断裂带的平面分布和剖面结构特征进行了分析,详细的研究了该断裂的形成、发育时间和运动学特征,在此基础上,提出了一个合理的断裂活动的运动学模型。研究认为马仙断裂形成于晚白垩世,在整个新生代期间长期活动,控制了断裂两侧的盆地结构、沉积分布和油气聚集,是一条断面南倾的具有左行走滑分量的斜向冲断层。马仙断裂的运动特征源于南祁连山对盆地的差异性推覆作用。