RESEARCH ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF QUATERNARY ACTIVITIES OF SU-XI-CHANG FAULT

Running across the urban areas of Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou, the NW-trending Su-Xi-Chang Fault is an important buried fault in Yangtze River Delta. In the respect of structural geomorphology, hilly landform is developed along the southwest side of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault, and a series of lakes and relatively low-lying depressions are developed on its northeast side, which is an important landform and neotectonic boundary line. The fault controlled the Jurassic and Cretaceous stratigraphic sedimentary and Cenozoic volcanic activities, and also has obvious control effects on the modern geomorphology and Quaternary stratigraphic distribution. Su-Xi-Chang Fault is one of the target faults of the project "Urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Changzhou City" and "Urban active fault exploration and seismic risk assessment in Suzhou City". Hidden in the ground with thick cover layer, few researches have been done on this fault in the past. The study on the activity characteristics and the latest activity era of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault is of great significance for the prevention and reduction of earthquake disaster losses caused by the destructive earthquakes to the cities of Changzhou, Wuxi and Suzhou. Based on shallow seismic exploration and drilling joint profiling method, Quaternary activities and distribution characteristics of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault are analyzed systematically. Shallow seismic exploration results show that the south branch of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault in Suzhou area is dominated by normal faulting, dipping to the north-east, with a dip angle of about 60° and a displacement of 3~5m on the bedrock surface. The north branch of the Su-Xi-Chang Fault in Changzhou area is dominated by normal faulting, dipping to the south, with a dip angle of about 55°~70° and a displacement of 4~12m on the bedrock surface. All breakpoints of Su-Xi-Chang Fault on the seismic exploration profiles show that only the bedrock surface was dislocated, not the interior strata of the Quaternary. On the drilling joint profile in the Dongqiao site of Suzhou, the latest activity of the south branch of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is manifested as reverse faulting, with maximum displacement of 2.9m in the upper part of Lower Pleistocene, and the Middle Pleistocene has not been dislocated by the fault. The fault acts as normal fault in the Pre-Quaternary strata, with a displacement of 3.7m in the Neogene stratum. On the drilling joint profile in the Chaoyang Road site of Changzhou, the latest activity of the north branch of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is manifested as reverse faulting too, with maximum displacement of 2.8m in the bottom layer of the Middle Pleistocene. The fault acts as normal fault in the Pre-Quaternary strata, with a displacement of 10.2m in the bedrock surface. Combining the above results, we conclude that the latest activity era of Su-Xi-Chang Fault is early Middle Pleistocene. The Su-Xi-Chang Fault was dominated by the sinistral normal faulting in the pre-Quaternary period, and turned into sinistral reverse faulting after the early Pleistocene, with displacement of about 3m in the Quaternary strata. The maximum magnitude of potential earthquake on the Su-Xi-Chang Fault is estimated to be 6.0.     

APPLYING 3D INVERSION OF SINGLE-PROFILE MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA TO IDENTIFY THE SHADE AND YUNONGXI FAULTS

Many synthetic model studies suggested that the best way to obtain good 3D interpretation results is to distribute the MT sites at a 2D grid array with regular site spacing over the target area. However, MT 3D inversion was very difficult about 10 years ago. A lot of MT data were collected along one profile and then interpreted with 2D inversion. How to apply the state-of-the-art 3D inversion technique to interpret the accumulated mass MT profiles data is an important topic. Some studies on 3D inversion of measured MT profile data suggested that 2D inversions usually had higher resolution for the subsurface than 3D inversions. Meanwhile, they often made their interpretation based on 2D inversion results, and 3D inversion results were only used to evaluate whether the overall resistivity structures were correct. Some researchers thought that 3D inversions could not resolute the local structure well, while 2D inversion results could agree with the surface geologic features much well and interpret the geologic structures easily. But in the present paper, we find that the result of 3D inversion is better than that of 2D inversion in identifying the location of the two local faults, the Shade Fault(SDF)and the Yunongxi Fault(YNXF), and the deep structures. In this paper, we first studied the electrical structure of SDF and YNXF based on a measured magnetotelluric(MT) profile data. Besides, from the point of identifying active faults, we compared the capacity of identifying deep existing faults between 2D inversion models and 3D models with different inversion parameters. The results show that both 2D and 3D inversion of the single-profile data could obtain reasonable and reliable electrical structures on a regional scale. Combining 2D and 3D models, and according to our present data, we find that both SDF and YNXF probably have cut completely the high resistivity layer in the upper crust and extended to the high conductivity layer in the middle crust. In terms of the deep geometry of the faults, at the profile's location, the SDF dips nearly vertically or dips southeast with high dip angle, and the YNXF dips southeast at depth. In addition, according to the results from our measured MT profile, we find that the 3D inversion of single-profile MT data has the capacity of identifying the location and deep geometry of local faults under present computing ability. Finally, this research suggests that appropriate cell size and reasonable smoothing parameters are important factors for the 3D inversion of single-profile MT data, more specifically, too coarse meshes or too large smoothing parameters on horizontal direction of 3D inversion may result in low resolution of 3D inversions that cannot identify the structure of faults. While, for vertical mesh size and data error thresholds, they have limited effect on identifying shallow tectonics as long as their changes are within a reasonable range. 3D inversion results also indicate that, to some extent, adding tippers to the 3D inversion of a MT profile can improve the model's constraint on the deep geometry of the outcropped faults.     

多粒度时空对象的校史信息可视化研究

针对现有校史信息可视化存在的形式单一、表达内容缺乏等问题,该文基于多粒度时空对象的思想对校史信息可视化进行了探索.分析了校史信息可视化数据的特点,构建了基于多粒度时空对象的校史信息及其可视化表达方法的分类体系.最后在该分类体系的指导下,以某大学为例,进行了校史信息可视化的技术实现.研究结果表明,基于多粒度时空对象的校史信息可视化更有利于校史的全面、真实和动态展示.     

主能量脉冲反褶积

本文提出的主能量脉冲反褶积方法,旨在保持原反褶积相位特性的同时将有效频带拓宽为期望输出的主能量谱,以期获得更为可靠的地震分辨率.其首先根据地震波的有效频带范围设计出期望输出的主能量谱,然后通过主能量谱滤波获得主能量信号,并以其为输入求取初始的反褶积因子,再在保持初始反褶积因子相位特性的前提下以主能量谱为期望的振幅谱,求取1个优化的反褶积因子,最后即可通过褶积运算获得期望输出的地震信号.     

透射射线的非线性效应

根据Snell定律提出了透射射线的非线性效应的概念,从理论上证明了当地震射线的轨迹在1个界面上为1条直线时在另1个界面上可为1条曲线;并进一步通过射线追踪实验证明:当地下介质为非水平层状介质时,即使对应于地面同一条直线段上的接收点,来自地下同一个界面上的反射点的轨迹仍可为一条曲线。     

江西瑞昌市仙姑台铜多金属矿综合勘查模型

江西仙姑台铜多金属矿位于九瑞矿集区,是近年整装勘查区中发现的斑岩—矽卡岩—热液充填型铜多金属矿床. 本文在系统分析其成矿地质背景、控矿条件、找矿标志、土壤地球化学及地球物理等特征的基础上,归纳并提取了矿床的找矿信息. 根据前二者基本可以圈定找矿区段,再结合1:1万土壤异常、1:1万高精度磁测上延50 m磁异常、激电探测视极化率与视电阻率异常,以及EH-4连续电导率剖面测量异常等多元信息,便能较为有效地确定隐伏矿体的大致分布位置. 依此建立了仙姑台铜多金属矿床的综合勘查模型,对该区寻找此类矿床有着十分重要的意义.     

东营凹陷沙四段碳酸盐岩稀土元素地球化学特征

东营凹陷古近系沙河街组碳酸盐岩的成因一直存在湖相与海相之争。沙四段碳酸盐岩呈厚薄不等的夹层赋于陆相碎屑岩中。本文对研究区代表性碳酸盐岩样品稀土元素地球化学特征的分析表明:东营凹陷古近系沙四段碳酸盐岩的∑LREE > ∑MREE > ∑HREE,MREE相对于HREE富集;不具备Ce/Ce^*负异常特征;Y/Ho值为25.5~34.1,La/La^*值为0.99~1.21;Y/Ho-La/La^*呈负相关关系。所有这些特征均与湖相成因碳酸盐岩一致,沙四段碳酸盐岩的形成应为湖相成因。     

攀枝花市大气降尘的地球化学特征

运用ICP-MS和ICP-OES分析了攀枝花市不同时段不同地点大气降尘中重金属元素含量,并对大气降尘中重金属的地球化学特征进行了分析,得出以下结论:①攀枝花市大气尘中As、Co、Mn、Pb、Ti、V的含量,与四川省其他城市相比均偏高,Zn的含量相对较低;②Cd、Mn、Pb主要分布在冶炼区和石灰石矿区,Co、Cu、Ti主要分布在石灰石矿区,Cr和V主要分布在冶炼区,As在仁和河富集较为富集,Zn集中在排土场附近,Fe集中在冶炼区和煤矿区;③除Pb外,其余十种元素旱季含量基本都高于雨季,而雨季Pb的含量却明显高于旱季。通过主成份分析,得出了在攀枝花市大气降尘中,重金属元素的来源主要为矿山污染和开采过程中产生的废水、废气。     

大兴安岭北部雄关地区倭勒根岩群大网子岩组火山岩地球化学特征

雄关地区的倭勒根岩群大网子岩组主要为变碎屑岩夹变流纹岩和变粗面安山岩.利用ICP-MS仪器对变粗面安山岩进行锆石U-Pb年龄测定,结果显示变粗面安山岩锆石206Pb/238U年龄为443.8~783.8 Ma,获得ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素谐和年龄为463.7±2.1 Ma,加权平均年龄为463.6±6.4 Ma（n=10,MSWD=0.073）.所测锆石振荡环带较发育,Th/U值一般为0.42~1.76,具有岩浆成因特征.该年龄代表粗面安山岩形成年龄,认为其形成于中奥陶世,与区域大网子岩组形成时代（寒武纪-早志留世）一致.大网子岩组粗面安山岩属碱钙系列准铝质岩石,铕异常不显著,相对亏损高场强元素,富集大离子亲石元素.岩石具有壳幔混源特征,形成于陆缘环境,与古亚洲洋壳俯冲有关.     

五矩二流太阳风等离子体特性的数值研究

本文数值求解了各向同性二流太阳风的五矩方程组,得出了1 R_s-2AU区域内太阳风密度、速度、电子和质子温度、它们的热流通量密度q以及非麦克斯韦分布尾部粒子过剩量ξ随日心距离的变化关系.文中比较了二流太阳风五矩模型、四矩模型（ξ=0）和低阶矩模型（不包括q和ξ二个矩方程）的等离子体特性,着重讨论了量ξ对质子温度及其热流通量的影响.结果表明,包括言的五矩方程可改善T_e/T_p和q_e/q_p的计算值与观测值的符合程度.