天山北坡城市群空间组织形态的识别研究

 正确认识天山北坡城市群的空间组织结构以及空间发展形态,对于完善绿洲城市群的发展理论和规划具有重要意义。以天山北坡城市群为研究对象,通过资源环境承载力的分析,总结出未来城市群发展面临的客观制约因素;通过中心性分析、断裂点理论修正的Voronoi多边形等方法识别出城市群的中心城市及各自的辐射范围城市;通过引力模型识别出城市之间的社会经济联系强度。据此,利用多维尺度分析的方法,可视化地展现了天山北坡城市群发展的空间组织形态。经调查了解：（1）乌鲁木齐市与克拉玛依市是未来城市群发展的两个中心城市,五家渠市、阜康市、昌吉市、石河子市周边目前属于乌鲁木齐市的辐射范围城市,奎屯市,乌苏市属于克拉玛依市的辐射范围城市;（2）城市群内部的城市之间的联系比较松散,特别是两个中心城市之间联系较弱;（3）城市群的空间发展形态为串珠式,是一种特殊的走廊式空间形态。     

国土资源数据中心动态目录树研究

运用选择、投影、连接等关系代数运算复合作用于数据单元构建复合算子,给出目录树表达的形式化描述,从数学角度定量、优化表达动态目录树,实现分布式异构环境下空间数据的集成管理;同时,在分析访问控制的受控对象和操作类型的层次关系基础上,通过授权算子抽象权限功能绑定模型,简化权限调度的复杂度,以解决国土业务中权限控制图元级数据粒度和跨区域图元功能授权不同的问题;最后,选取国土资源数据中心目录树实例验证动态目录树技术。     

基于Erdas Image 9.2 LPS区域网平差处理Spot5卫星影像实现方法

介绍基于LPS的正射影像处理流程,以图文的形式描述区域网平差处理Spot-5卫星影像的具体过程,最后得到正射纠正影像,用于1∶50 000DOM生产。     

地面几何标定的定向片自检校光束法区域网平差模型

针对航天线阵传感器,综合镜头光学畸变影响、像元尺寸与焦距的变化影响以及镜头的旋转作用,构建8标定参数的内方位自检校模型;利用定向片内插模型,描述影像的外方位元素变化;建立自检校光束法区域网平差模型,在对模型进行线性化的过程中,引入待标定的定向片外方位元素;利用SPOT5模拟数据对平差模型进行实验验证,结果表明,平差模型能够联合标定内方位自检校参数与外方位元素,标定结果准确。     

基于分形理论的建筑物沉降观测数据处理

建筑物在施工、运营阶段受主体荷载等各种因素影响会产生沉降变形,为了利于建筑物沉降分析,保障建筑物安全,分析了分形理论在建筑物沉降数据处理中的可行性。通过实例,得出了基于分形理论的建筑物沉降数据处理方法。     

基于Bernese软件的CORS网基线解算

介绍了高精度GPS数据处理软件Bernese的功能及数据处理流程,基线解算前先利用TEQC软件对GPS数据进行质量检核,再利用Bernese软件对某一区域CORS网数据进行静态基线解算,将解算结果与GAMIT软件处理结果进行比较,从而验证了Bernese软件解算精度的可靠性。     

The Impact of Mid- and High-Latitude Rossby Wave Activities on the Medium-Range Evolution of the EAP Pattern During the Pre-Rainy Period of South China

Based on the NCEP DOE AMIP II daily reanalysis data (1979{2005), the evolution of the East Asia/Pacific(EAP) teleconnection pattern during the pre-rainy period of South China is studied on the medium-range time scale. It is found that positive and negative EAP patterns share a similar generation process. In the middle and upper troposphere, Rossby wave packets emanating from the northeast Atlantic or Europe propagate toward East Asia along the Eurasian continent waveguide and finally give rise to the three anomaly centers of the EAP pattern over East Asia. Among the three anomaly centers, the western Pacific subtropical center appears the latest. Rossby wave packets propagate from the high latitude anomaly center toward the mid-latitude and the subtropical ones. The enhancement and maintenance of the subtropical anomaly center is closely associated with the subtropical jet waveguide and the incoming Rossby wave packets from the upstream. In the lower troposphere, Rossby wave packets emanate from the subtropical Asia toward East Asia. Positive and negative EAP patterns could not be regarded as "mirrors" to each other with simply re- versed phase. For the positive pattern, the positive height anomaly center around the Scandinavia Peninsula keeps its strength and position during the mature period, and the Rossby wave packets thus propagate persistently toward East Asia, facilitating a longer mature time of the positive pattern. As for the formation of the negative EAP pattern, however, the incoming Rossby wave energy from the upstream contributes to both the enhancement and southeastward movement of the negative anomaly belt from the Yenisei River to the Bering Strait and the positive anomaly center around Mongolia. At the peak time, the two anomlous circulations are evolved into the Northeast Asia and the mid-latitude anomaly centers of the negative pattern, respectively. The energy dispersion of Rossby wave packets is relatively fast due to the predominant zonal circulation in the extratropics, causing a shorter mature period of the negative pattern. During the pre-rainy period of South China, the prevalence of the EAP pattern signiˉcantly affects the rainfall over the region south of the Yangtze River. The positive (negative) EAP pattern tends to causepositive (negative) precipitation anomalies in that region. This is di?erent from the earlier research findingsbased on monthly mean data.     

黑龙江省近30a干旱发生规律及趋势分析

采用干旱指数法分析黑龙江省1976～2005年干旱发生规律的研究,将常规的年干旱指数计算应用到月指数计算中,很好的解释了年降水量不少却仍有干旱发生的现象,揭示干旱的发生规律和趋势。     

CONNECTION OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA SUMMER MONSOON TO MARITIME CONTINENT CONVECTION AND ENSO

The relationship between the intensity of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) and the Nino3.4 index and anomalous atmospheric circulation patterns associated with a strong and weak SCSSM are investigated using the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) data and Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP) data. The SCSSM is significantly positively correlated with the Nino3.4 index in the succeeding northern autumn and winter. In the strong minus weak SCSSM composite, a positive East Asia-Pacific teleconnection (EAP) pattern and a negative Europe-Asian-Pacific teleconnection (EUP) pattern appear in the 500 hPa height difference field; low-level cross-equatorial flows are strengthened over the Maritime Continent (MC) region; positive (negative) precipitation anomalies occur in the South China Sea and western north Pacific (MC). A possible mechanism through which SCSSM affects ENSO is proposed. A strong (weak) SCSSM strengthens (weakens) cross-equatorial flows over the MC. The anomalous cross-equatorial flows cool (warm) the SST around the MC through enhanced (reduced) surface latent heat fluxes. The cooling (warming) further leads to suppressed (enhanced) convection over the MC, and causes the anomalous westerly (easterly) in the equatorial western Pacific, which favors the onset of El Ni?o (La Ni?a) through modulating the positive air-sea feedback process.     

华南秋季蒸发量的时空演变特征

利用华南区域66个气象站点1960～2004年的观测数据分析了华南秋季蒸发皿蒸发量和实际蒸发量的时空变化.分析结果表明:华南中部和西北部是华南秋季蒸发皿蒸发量的两个主要气候变异中心区,华南中部秋季蒸发皿蒸发量具有以年代际变化为主的特征,并且在45年内总体上呈下降趋势.在影响蒸发皿蒸发量的因子中,太阳辐射与蒸发皿蒸发量的相关性最好,呈显著的正相关.对实际蒸发量而言,华南中部和西部偏西地区则是两个主要的变异中心,两区域的秋季实际蒸发量具有以年际变化为主的特征,降水对华南秋季实际蒸发量的影响最为显著,华南秋季实际蒸发量一般都在蒸发皿蒸发量的40%左右,并且比值总体上呈现微弱的由南向北递增趋势.