平面约束条件在LIDAR点云滤波中的应用

介绍了一种利用平面约束条件对LIDAR点云数据进行滤波的方法,利用每个数据点的邻域点拟合平面,根据平面约束条件和平面点分类方法得到地面点,最后利用地面点内插该区域的DTM.     

重金属污染胁迫下盐肤木的生化效应及波谱特征

利用遥感生物地球化学的原理和方法,分析了德兴铜矿的重金属污染状况和植物盐肤木的生物地球化学效应,对盐肤木生物地球化学效应的波谱特征进行了系统的提取和分析.研究发现酸、铜、镉等是德兴铜矿地区主要的环境污染因子,野外调查及样品的化验分析表明盐肤木对铜元素呈现一定的富集作用和很强的位移效应,是适合铜矿复垦的植被.利用导数光谱、包络线去除、红边效应、植被指数等光谱信息处理方法对盐肤木的野外波谱分析表明,随着叶片中Cu等金属元素含量的增大,其产生的毒化效应的波谱特征越明显,盐肤木叶片光谱反射率明显升高,波形蓝移,红边陡坡斜率增大,叶绿素吸收深度变浅,吸收中心稍有蓝移,水的吸收深度变浅,吸收中心位置红移,绿度指数变化明显.对波谱特征及其与重金属含量的相关关系综合分析后认为,红边特征、植被指数NDVI、叶绿素吸收深度与叶片铜含量关系显著,可以作为植被铜污染遥感图像特征提取的参考.     

火山热液型铅锌矿床岩石地球化学特征及预测指标

火山热液型铅锌矿床赋矿围岩、后期脉岩和蚀变岩石中成矿元素铅锌银含量高,矿体元素组合复杂,原生异常发育,并存在着原生分带现象。矿体前缘元素为I、Hg、As、Sb、B、Ba;近矿指示元素是Pb、Zn、Ag、Au、Cd、Mn、Cu;尾部或矿下指示元素为Cu、Mo、W、Sn。根据矿床指示元素的分布规律和原生晕的分带性,研制了判别矿床剥蚀程度和评价异常的地球化学指标,建立了该类矿床的地球化学找矿预测标志。     

Oviraptorosaurian Eggs (Dinosauria) with Embryonic Skeletons Discovered for the First Time in China

Two elongatoolithid dinosaur eggs from the Upper Cretaceous of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province and the embryonic skeletons they bear are described. They represent the first oviraptorosaurian eggs with embryonic skeletons in China and provide the first example that an oospecies can be correlated to certain dinosaur taxon/taxa. The two eggs are the same as the pair of the eggs inside a female oviraptorosaurian pelvis from the same horizon of the same area in both macro- and micro-structures of the egg shells, and can he referred to the oospecies, Macroolithus yaotunensis Zhao, 1975. The morphology of the preserved part of the embryonic skeletons indicates that they may have been laid by an oviraptorid, Heyuannia huangi from Guangdong Province or a closely related oviraptorosaurian, which may have been lived in the Ganzhou area too in the Late Cretaceous. The embryonic skeletons of the two eggs are not in the same developing stage. In one of the eggs, the postzygapophysis of the preserved vertebrae are well ossified, indicating that it was just hatched.     

Distribution of Palygorskite in the Lingtai Profile of Chinese Loess Plateau: Its Paleoclimatic Implications

Palygorskite is a typical indicator mineral of the arid and strong evaporation environment. Distribution of palygorskite in loess-red clay sequences may act as an important indicator for reconstruction of the paleoenvironment and paleoclimate. In this paper, field emission scanning electron microscope and high-resolution transmission electron microscope observations on the red clay-loess-paleosol of the Renjiapo profile at Lingtai, Gansu Province indicate that palygorskite occurs widely in red clay sequences formed before 3.6 Ma, but no occurrence has been found in eolian sediments since 3.2 Ma. Micromorphological features and microstructure of palygorskite show that it is an autogenic mineral formed during pedogenesis, and transformed from iilite-montmorilionite under the pore water action. In the Lingtai profile, the disappearance horizon of palygorskite is consistent with those of increasing magnetic susceptibility, dust flux and depositional rate. The distribution of palygorskite in the profile indicates that the interval of around 3.6 Ma was an important transformation period of the East Asian paleomonsoon, when changes took place in the East Asia paleoclimate pattern, i.e. a high-frequency strong fluctuation alternative evolution of the environment. Therefore, palygorskite is a key indicator mineral of the East Asian paleomonsoon evolution of that time.     

地形因素对航空面阵CCD影像的影响分析与评价

地形因素,包括地面起伏和地球曲率,是造成航空数字遥感影像变形的主要原因之一.本文以中国科学院遥感所自行研发的多模态航空CCD相机系统为对象,结合其成像模式和几何形态,分析了地形因素给影像带来的变形,推导出航空面阵CCD影像变形的一般公式,并通过概算进行了定量评价,得出了对于航空面阵CCD影像,要想得到高精度的几何处理,必须改正地球曲率影响的结论.     

六道湾煤矿塌陷西区地面沉降监测设计方法探讨

介绍乌鲁木齐市六道湾煤矿塌陷区综合治理过程中地面沉降观测站、观测线的设计方法,所需观测内容,观测方法以及所使用观测仪器的精度。在观测站、观测线设计时综合考虑老采空区变形的影响,并针对该区两个不同时段开采变形观测站布设方法分别进行了设计。其中所介绍的设计方法对其它地区类似煤矿塌陷区综合治理有一定意义。     

基于多基站网络的VRS差分改正信息的方法分析

基于虚拟参考站VRS(Virtual Reference Stations)的GPS测量技术是近几年应用在网络RTK中的热门技术,文中首先介绍VRS的基本原理,然后利用站际星际二次差分技术,推导虚拟观测值,最后讨论研究虚拟参考站的双差改正数的内插算法。     

优化配置模型在莱州市水资源规划中的应用

介绍了水资源优化配置模型的原理,并通过模型在莱州水资源规划中的实例分析,得到了莱州现状及不同规划水平年的水量优化供需计算结果,对莱州市水资源规划提供了依据,体现了计算机模拟优化模型的优越性。     

GIS软件符号功能特点

讨论当前国内外GIS软件的符号功能及花纹图案填充功能的特点,指出实际应用中不足,为现有软件平台进行符号设计、编辑以及制图等提供参考。