全文获取类型
收费全文 | 738篇 |
免费 | 41篇 |
国内免费 | 7篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 15篇 |
大气科学 | 54篇 |
地球物理 | 213篇 |
地质学 | 288篇 |
海洋学 | 73篇 |
天文学 | 50篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 90篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 3篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 16篇 |
2018年 | 26篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 35篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 24篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 45篇 |
2010年 | 41篇 |
2009年 | 53篇 |
2008年 | 39篇 |
2007年 | 40篇 |
2006年 | 32篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 25篇 |
2001年 | 13篇 |
2000年 | 13篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 8篇 |
1997年 | 9篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 11篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1968年 | 2篇 |
1885年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有786条查询结果,搜索用时 9 毫秒
171.
Mary E. Wright Helena M. Solo-Gabriele Samir Elmir Lora E. Fleming 《Marine pollution bulletin》2009,58(11):1649-1656
The goal of this study was to quantify the microbial load (enterococci) contributed by the different animals that frequent a beach site. The highest enterococci concentrations were observed in dog feces with average levels of 3.9 × 107 CFU/g; the next highest enterococci levels were observed in birds averaging 3.3 × 105 CFU/g. The lowest measured levels of enterococci were observed in material collected from shrimp fecal mounds (2.0 CFU/g). A comparison of the microbial loads showed that 1 dog fecal event was equivalent to 6940 bird fecal events or 3.2 × 108 shrimp fecal mounds. Comparing animal contributions to previously published numbers for human bather shedding indicates that one adult human swimmer contributes approximately the same microbial load as one bird fecal event. Given the abundance of animals observed on the beach, this study suggests that dogs are the largest contributing animal source of enterococci to the beach site. 相似文献
172.
DNA-based methods in paleolimnology: new opportunities for investigating long-term dynamics of lacustrine biodiversity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Isabelle Domaizon Amanda Winegardner Eric Capo Joanna Gauthier Irene Gregory-Eaves 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2017,57(1):1-18
We reconstructed 150 years of ecological change in a shallow boreal lake located on the east shore of the Baltic Sea by integrating different types of environmental evidence: paleolimnological records (XRF-measured elements, fossil pigments and Cladocera assemblages), information from historical limnological surveys and archival maps. We assessed the role of biomanipulation by liming and fish-removal in the disappearance of submerged macrophytes, such as Lobelia dortmanna L., and their replacement by persistent cyanobacterial blooms. The combination of different strands of evidence revealed that the shift from macrophyte to cyanobacterial dominance was part of a long-term ecological response to eutrophication and increased sediment load from catchment disturbances. The findings demonstrate that a gradual loss of wetlands and increase of ditches in a catchment had a more significant effect on the lake ecosystem, compared to the direct, but short-term impact of biomanipulation. The study highlights the importance of catchment land-use and disturbance by ditches in changing the ecology of boreal water bodies. Also, it illustrates that a thorough understanding of the long-term ecosystem dynamics and differentiation among responses to multiple anthropogenic impacts are essential preconditions for addressing the deterioration of habitats and change in aquatic environments. 相似文献
173.
Clint N. Dawson Héctor Klíe Mary F. Wheeler Carol S. Woodward 《Computational Geosciences》1997,1(3-4):215-249
A new parallel solution technique is developed for the fully implicit three‐dimensional two‐phase flow model. An expandedcell‐centered finite difference scheme which allows for a full permeability tensor is employed for the spatial discretization, and backwardEuler is used for the time discretization. The discrete systems are solved using a novel inexact Newton method that reuses the Krylov information generated by the GMRES linear iterative solver. Fast nonlinear convergence can be achieved by composing inexact Newton steps with quasi‐Newton steps restricted to the underlying Krylov subspace. Furthermore, robustness and efficiency are achieved with a line‐search backtracking globalization strategy for the nonlinear systems and a preconditioner for each coupled linear system to be solved. This inexact Newton method also makes use of forcing terms suggested by Eisenstat and Walker which prevent oversolving of the Jacobian systems. The preconditioner is a new two‐stage method which involves a decoupling strategy plus the separate solutions of both nonwetting‐phase pressure and saturation equations. Numerical results show that these nonlinear and linear solvers are very effective. 相似文献
174.
This paper presents a framework for road network change detection in order to update the Canadian National Topographic DataBase (NTDB). The methodology has been developed on the basis of road extraction from IRS-pan images (with a 5.8 m spatial resolution) by using a wavelet approach. The feature matching and conflation techniques are used to road change detection and updating. Elementary experiments have showed that the proposed framework could be used for developing an operational road database updating system. 相似文献
175.
Mary Gleason Scott McCreary Melissa Miller-Henson John Ugoretz Evan Fox Matt Merrifield Will McClintock Paulo Serpa Kathryn Hoffman 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2010,53(2):52-68
The planning process for California's Marine Life Protection Act in north central California represents a case study in the design of a regional component of a statewide network of marine protected areas (MPAs) for improved ecosystem protection. We describe enabling factors, such as a legislative mandate, political will, and adequate capacity and funding that fostered a successful planning process. We identify strategic principles that guided the design of a transparent public planning process that delivered regional MPA network proposals, which both met science guidelines and achieved a high level of support among stakeholders. We also describe key decision support elements (spatial data, planning tools, and scientific evaluation) that were essential for designing, evaluating, and refining alternative MPA network proposals and for informing decision-makers. 相似文献
176.
Lonny Lundsten Charles K. Paull Kyra L. Schlining Mary McGann William Ussler 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2010,57(7):918-922
Video analysis of a whale-fall discovered in the northeast Pacific Ocean, off Vancouver Island at a depth of 1288 m during ROV diving operations has identified 26 taxa of deep-sea benthic organisms inhabiting the seafloor immediately surrounding remnants of the whale skeleton. A photo-mosaic derived from high-definition video provides a quantitative visual record of the present condition of the site, the species richness, and substrate preference. Only the skull and caudal vertebrae remains of this large whale skeleton are estimated to have been approximately 16.5 m in length. Most organisms identified near the whale-fall are common benthic deep-sea fauna, typical of this water depth and seafloor composition. Much of this species richness comes from sessile suspension feeding cnidarians attached to the numerous glacial dropstones found throughout the area rather than the presence of the whale skeleton. Seep and bone specialists are rare (4 taxa) and may be, in part, a remnant population from a sulphophilic stage of whale-fall decomposition. Evidence of past colonization by Osedax sp. is visible on the remaining bones and we conclude that rapid degradation of the missing bones has occurred at this site as has been observed at whale-falls off central California in Monterey Canyon. 相似文献
177.
178.
Natural Hazards - Weather prediction is one of the challenging issues around the world. It is necessary to determine the effective use of water resources and forecasting weather-related disasters.... 相似文献
179.
Aeolian deposits form noteworthy reservoirs (for example, Norphlet Formation and Rotliegend Group) in hydrocarbon extraction and carbon capture and storage contexts, but stratigraphic architecture imparts significant heterogeneity. Bounding surfaces result from autogenic and allogenic controls and can represent important changes in dune-field dynamics. To further evaluate the impacts of facies heterogeneity and flow-inhibiting bounding surfaces on reservoir performance and reconstruct ancient erg evolution, the stratigraphic architecture of aeolian systems must continue to be studied at multiple scales. This study pairs traditional methods (for example, measured stratigraphic sections) with advanced technologies (for example, drone-derived outcrop models) to precisely resolve the metre to kilometre-scale three-dimensional stratigraphic architecture of wet aeolian Middle Jurassic Entrada Sandstone outcrops located at Rone Bailey Mesa near Moab, Utah, USA. Five facies are identified, primarily based on sedimentary fabrics, and are grouped into three associations named dune, sabkha and sand sheet. Statistical analyses of gamma-ray spectrometer and automated mineralogy data indicate a distinct mineralogical difference between dune (quartz-rich) and sabkha (more feldspathic) packages, suggesting that gamma-ray logs may be used to better predict facies distribution in the subsurface. Seven modelled super bounding surfaces are planar to undulatory, with no perceived spatial trends. Five modelled interdune migration surfaces are undulatory but exhibit an average 0.09° angle of climb roughly parallel to the palaeocurrent direction. Two modelled superposition surfaces are linear to sinuous in plan-view. Laterally discontinuous sabkha packages observed are interpreted to be remnants of closed, damp, interdune flats located between ca 8.5 to 17.0 m tall, sinuous, transverse bedforms or patches of such bedforms. Based on stratigraphic architecture interpretations, the Entrada Sandstone preserves signals of allogenic forcing and localized autogenic bedform cannibalization of the substrate. The findings of this study, some of which are not commonly recognized in wet aeolian facies models, enhance the understanding of erg evolution and can parameterize static models of aeolian reservoirs. 相似文献
180.