Spatial patterns and environmental drivers of benthic infaunal community structure and ecosystem function on the New Zealand continental margin

To investigate regional drivers of spatial patterns in macro- and meio-faunal community structure (abundance, biomass and taxonomic diversity) and ecosystem function (sediment community oxygen consumption [SCOC]), we sampled two regions in close proximity on New Zealand's continental margin—the Chatham Rise and the Challenger Plateau. Sites (n = 15) were selected in water depths ranging from 266–1212 m to generate a gradient in sedimentary properties and, in particular, surface pelagic productivity. Both macro- and meio-fauna abundance and biomass was 2–3.5 times higher on the Chatham Rise than on the Challenger Plateau, reflecting regional differences in pelagic primary production. We also found significant inter- and intra-regional differences in macro-fauna taxonomic diversity with two distinctive site groupings in each region. Univariate and multivariate measures of macro-fauna community attributes were most strongly correlated with sediment photosynthetic pigment (explaining 24%–59% of the variation). Sediment pigment content was as equally important in explaining meio-fauna community structure (36%–7%). Unlike community structure, SCOC was most strongly correlated with depth (44%), most likely reflecting temperature effects on benthic metabolism. Our results highlight the importance of a benthic labile food supply in structuring infaunal communities on continental margins and emphasise a tight coupling between pelagic and benthic habitats.     

层结流体中具有纬向基本剪切流的Rossby波振幅的mKdV方程

In this paper,modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equations for the amplitude of solitary Rossby waves in stratified fluids with a zonal shear flow are derived by using a weakly nonlinear method.It is found that the coefficients of mKdV equations depend not only on the β effect and the Visl-Brunt frequency,but also on the basic shear flow.     

Creator应用于虚拟城市三维建模的关键技术与实践

分析了将Creator应用于虚拟城市三维建模的技术路线,讨论了建模过程中的三个关键技术,解决了虚拟城市三维建模中精细程度和数据量之间的矛盾,并结合实践加以应用.     

简论矿产资源分类及其意义

本文阐述了矿产资源分类的原则和依据，研讨了几种有争议的矿产资源的分类处理方法，提出了新的分类方案。新方案对于重新认识这些矿产资源，促进其多方面开发、利用等有着重要意义。随着科学的飞速发展，许多矿产的用途不断地发生变化或出现新的应用领域，要及时调整矿产资源分类以与时代发展相匹配。     

辽河盆地右行走滑构造运动新证据——基于岩样显微扫描电镜实验结果

依据7块岩样显微扫描电镜实验结果,报道辽河盆地早第三系东营期右行走滑构造运动的重要地质证据.认为辽河盆地早第三系东营期发生过右行走滑构造运动,裂谷后的右行走滑构造运动导致早期拉张断层系可以重新运动,并形成新的断层系.研究成果表明,右行走滑构造运动是辽河盆地复杂构造演化史中的主要地质事件之一,有效地控制了盆地中的断裂体系的格局.早第三系东营期右行走滑构造运动,影响和控制了盆地中油气的运移和聚集.     

西藏喜马拉雅山脉中段冰湖变化与溃决特征分析 ——以桑旺错和什磨错为例

年楚河流域是西藏自治区农业相对发达的地区,流域内冰川发育较好,冰川融水是地表径流重要的组成部分,冰湖溃决洪水灾害也威胁着下游村镇和城市。本文利用遥感技术对流域内桑旺错和什磨错两个冰湖特征进行分析,结合实地野外调查,对冰湖变化和溃决特征展开讨论。结果表明：1987-2018年,桑旺错和什磨错都呈扩张趋势,面积分别增加了0.31 km²（5.56%）和0.954 km²（96.9%）,变化率分别为0.054 km²·（10a）^-1和0.311 km²·（10a）^-1。桑旺错和什磨错侧碛垄、终碛垄为松散堆积物,结构松散、稳定性差。桑旺错出水口开阔,出水流畅。什磨错没有出水口,在最内侧终碛垄外有渗流。桑旺错和什磨错后缘冰川冰舌相接,冰舌陡峭,冰舌崩塌可能性较大,同时两湖侧碛垄稳定性较低,也存在崩塌的风险。桑旺错溃决风险较小,什磨错溃决风险较大。     

藏北羌塘盆地侏罗纪含颗石藻黑色岩系地球化学特征与地质意义

藏北羌塘盆地侏罗系发育一套富含有机质的黑色岩系,化石较为丰富而倍受地质学家关注。本文选择双湖地区毕洛错剖面,从有机地球化学和元素地球化学方面分析富含颗石藻黑色岩系特征。研究表明,研究区黑色岩系有机碳含量为2.84%~3.71%,氯仿沥青"A"含量为0.18%~0.29%。有机质类型为Ⅱ1型,母质主要来源于浮游生物及少量陆生植物,Tmax为429~435℃,显示该套岩系处于未成熟阶段。研究区样品的主量元素Si、Al、Ca等元素较富集,表明该套黑色岩系以陆源碎屑输入为主;V/Cr、U/Th、Ni/Co、V/(Ni+V)特征比值、U和Mo的富集以及Eu和Ce无明显异常,反映了该套黑色岩系主要沉积在弱还原环境,有利于有机质保存。以上研究表明,研究区含颗石藻黑色岩系为较好的烃源岩,保存条件较好,可以作为进一步勘探开发的有利烃源岩层。     

MATLAB及其在扇区水泥胶结测井(SBT)资料成像处理中的应用

MATLAB是集数学、图形处理和程序语言设计于一体的著名数学软件。它以矩阵为基本的数值计算单元,对数据进行分析处理、可视化等。利用这些优点,在MATLAB界面下编程处理扇区水泥胶结测井(SBT)现场采集的测量资料,最终以图像方式显示了套管井中0°~360°的套管波衰减数据。将处理结果与Atlas专用处理软件的处理结果进行分析对比,表明两者具有良好的一致性。     

2006年青海玉树地震类型和发震构造分析

2006年7月18和19日在青海玉树相继发生了5.0、5.6和5.4级地震。本文通过玉树地震台记录的地震波形及青海省地震台网监测结果分析该地震事件属于震群型地震;通过现场考察及宏观烈度区、余震分布和震源机制解、区域构造分析认为发震构造为乌兰乌拉湖-玉树构造带。     

Effect of Carbonation and Drying-Wetting Cycles on Chloride Diffusion Behavior of Coral Aggregate Seawater Concrete

Based on seawater immersion,drying-wetting cycles,carbonation and drying-wetting cycles for coral aggregate sea-water concrete(CASC)with different strength grades,the effect of carbonation and drying-wetting cycles on chloride diffusion be-havior of CASC is studied.The results show that the free surface chloride concentration(Cs),free chloride diffusion coefficient(Df)and time-dependent index(m)of CASC in the drying-wetting cycles is obviously higher than that in seawater immersion.The Df and m of CASC of carbonation and drying-wetting cycles is higher than that in the drying-wetting cycles.Carbonation increases the Df and m of CASC,which is against CASC to resist chloride corrosion.The corrosion possibility of CASC structures in different ex-posed areas is as follows:splash zone(carbonation and drying-wetting cycles)>tidal zone(drying-wetting cycles)>underwater zone(seawater immersion).Besides,the chloride diffusion rate of C65-CASC is 17.8%-63.4%higher than that of C65-ordinary aggre-gate concrete(OAC)in seawater immersion(underwater zone).Therefore,anti-corrosion measures should be adopted to improve the service life of CASC structure in the oceanic environment.