开采沉陷工程岩体本构关系研究

传统开采沉陷理论存在对采动岩体本构关系研究不够的问题, 本文在运用现代工程地质学理论和现代数学力学理论相结合, 对采动岩体本构关系进行深入研究的基础上, 提出了用黑箱问题灰箱化的全息反分析法, 确定采动工程岩体本构关系及其有关参数。实例分析表明, 对于复杂岩体结构的开采沉陷问题, 能够取得满意的结果。     

Automated multi-scale classification of the terrain units of the Jiaxie Guyots and their mineral resource characteristics

Given the advances in satellite altimetry and multibeam bathymetry, benthic terrain classification based on digital bathymetric models (DBMs) has been widely used for the mapping of benthic topographies. For instance, cobalt-rich crusts (CRCs) are important mineral resources found on seamounts and guyots in the western Pacific Ocean. Thick, plate-like CRCs are known to form on the summit and slopes of seamounts at the 1 000–3 000 m depth, while the relationship between seamount topography and spatial distribution of CRCs remains unclear. The benthic terrain classification of seamounts can solve this problem, thereby, facilitating the rapid exploration of seamount CRCs. Our study used an EM122 multibeam echosounder to retrieve high-resolution bathymetry data in the CRCs contract license area of China, i.e., the Jiaxie Guyots in 2015 and 2016. Based on the DBM construted by bathymetirc data, broad- and fine-scale bathymetric position indices were utilized for quantitative classification of the terrain units of the Jiaxie Guyots on multiple scales. The classification revealed four first-order terrain units (e.g., flat, crest, slope, and depression) and eleven second-order terrain units (e.g., local crests, depressions on crests, gentle slopes, crests on slopes, and local depressions, etc.). Furthermore, the classification of the terrain and geological analysis indicated that the Weijia Guyot has a large flat summit, with local crests at the southern summit, whereas most of the guyot flanks were covered by gentle slopes. “Radial” mountain ridges have developed on the eastern side, while large-scale gravitational landslides have developed on the western and southern flanks. Additionally, landslide masses can be observed at the bottom of these slopes. The coverage of local crests on the seamount is ~1 000 km2, and the local crests on the peak and flanks of the guyots may be the areas where thick and continuous plate-like CRCs are likely to occur.     

Shake table testing of a multi-tower connected hybrid structure

Many single-tower reinforced concrete core wall-steel frame (RCC-SF) buildings have been built in China, but there are no buildings of different-height multi-tower hybrid system. A multi-tower RCC-SF tall building was thus studied because of its structural complexity and irregularity. First, a 1/15 scaled model structure was designed and tested on the shake table under minor, moderate, and major earthquake levels. Then, the dynamic responses of the model structure were interpreted to those of the prototype structure according to the similitude theory. Experimental results demonstrate that, despite the complexity of the structure, the lateral deformation bends as the "bending type" and the RC core walls contribute more than the steel frames to resist seismic loads. The maximum inter-story drift of the complex building under minor earthquakes is slightly beyond the elastic limitation specified in the Chinese code, and meets code requirements under major earthquakes. From the test results some suggestions are provided that could contribute favorable effect on the seismic behavior and the displacement of the building.     

江苏省东海县片麻状碱性花岗岩的成因及年代学研究

江苏省东海地区位于苏鲁造山带的西南缘,区内广泛出露片麻状碱性花岗岩.本文对东海地区磨山、虎山和房山片麻状碱性花岗岩的产状、岩石结构构造、碱性铁镁矿物、元素地球化学和锆石成因及SHRIMP定年等综合研究结果表明：该类岩石具有高硅、富碱、富铁贫镁和含碱性铁镁矿物等特征,说明其为碱性花岗岩;岩体还保留有沉积岩特有的层理（走向北东、倾向南东等一致的产状）,长石等造岩矿物显示在固相条件下结晶的特征,以及继承锫石大部分是不同时代的岩浆或变质锆石碎屑等,均证实其原岩是沉积岩.SHRIMP定年对变质锆石的边部获得两组206Pb-238U加权平均年龄,分别为224.7±9.4 Ma和209.4±2.5～212±3.5Ma,反映了东海片麻状碱性花岗岩成岩时间属于印支期,相当于晚三叠世,变质锆石的核部206Pb-238U年龄变化于866～248 Ma,反映原岩时代不会早于晚古生代.     

瞬变电磁扩散场到虚拟波场的精细积分变换算法

现有的瞬变电磁解释与反演方法主要对电阻率参数进行解释,较难给出准确的地质构造信息.为了能够较多获得地质构造信息,可将瞬变电磁扩散场信号转换为虚拟波场信号,提高瞬变电磁法的分辨率.本文采用精细积分法,实现了瞬变电磁扩散场到虚拟波场的转换.将一个高度病态的线性方程组转换成求积分的过程,大大降低了解决病态问题的难度.积分步长...     

美英潜艇指控系统发展历程及启示

指控系统是潜艇作战的核心,对潜艇的战斗力生成起着至关重要的作用。潜艇指控系统必须要满足潜艇作战的需要。通过研究美国和英国潜艇指控系统的发展,分析美国和英国指控系统发展的技术特点,在此基础上进行思考。从支持无人装备、系统结构、系统智能化和智能化显示方面得出潜艇指控系统未来发展的几点启示。这对潜艇指控系统未来的发展具有一定的参考价值。     

Stability analysis of seabed strata and casing structure during the natural gas hydrates exploitation by depressurization in horizontal wells in South China Sea

Natural gas hydrates(NGHs) are a new type of clean energy with great development potential. However, it is urgent to achieve safe and economical NGHs development and utilization. This study established a physical model of the study area using the FLAC^3D software based on the key parameters of the NGHs production test area in the South China Sea, including the depressurization method, and mechanical parameters of strata, NGHs occurrence characteristics, and the technological characteri...     

关于喀斯特洞穴发育深度问题

探讨喀斯特洞穴发育深度,必须考虑其形成的环境条件。喀斯特洞穴的形成环境可归结为两大系统:１）常温常压开放系统,主要表现为在强烈的地下水动力作用下的溶蚀作用;２）高温高压封闭系统,主要表现为在微弱的地下水动力作用下的化学溶蚀作用。热水溶蚀及混合溶蚀作用是发育深部洞穴的主要动力      

贵州南部晚石炭世一种新的生物礁类型

黔南晚石炭世普遍发育了一套台地相的碳酸盐岩地层,其中多种底栖生物十分繁盛,为深入开展石炭纪生物礁研究提供了有利条件。近几年,随着研究的不断深入,笔者等陆续发现了一些新型的造礁生物,其中一种重要的造礁生物是一种类似藻类的生物。通过大量的野外观察和室内工作,笔者等发现：这种生物是黔南晚石炭世的重要造礁生物类型之一,它在台地边缘生物碎屑滩上以多种生长方式构建礁体。该生物具有两种生长形式：一种是生物体呈波状延续生长,弯曲环绕,层层叠置形成不同类型的纹层或席状;另一种是生物体在纵向和横向上相互交叉,构成规则或不规则的网格状形态。这种礁体的发现,丰富了石炭纪生物礁的类型。     

安徽沿江地区地壳结构三维空间特征的探讨

以对扬块区地壳结构总体认识为框架,结合区内构造层以及重、磁等深部地球物理和地震剖面资料,对安徽沿江地区６条剖面进行综合解释和反演拟合,给安徽沿江地区地壳断面的推断结果。