基于支付意愿的干旱区绿洲城市居住区绿地愉悦价值研究

干旱区绿洲城市普遍存在居住区绿地率低、居住环境质量不高的问题,量化居民对居住区绿地的支付意愿及城市居住区绿地的愉悦价值,有利于正确评价城市绿地的价值,科学规划城市空间。基于问卷调查,利用支付卡式条件价值法和Tobit模型测算乌鲁木齐市居民对改善居住区绿地建设与服务的支付意愿,借助计量模型的假设检验对其影响因素进行定量分析,并基于支付意愿得到城市居住区绿地的愉悦价值。结果表明:(1)乌鲁木齐市居民人均支付意愿为148.75元·a-1,远高于东部地区,不同属性居住区的支付意愿为商业小区>单位大院>自建房。(2)受访者性别、收入、家庭结构、需求偏好、认知与意识等特征对其支付意愿有显著影响,且非虚拟变量对决策的影响程度可借助经济学中的"边际理论"度量。(3)乌鲁木齐市居住区绿地愉悦价值为3.31×108元·a-1,利用居民对绿地生态功能和社会功能的认知赋分,发现其生态服务价值略大于社会服务价值。研究可为建立不同尺度绿地支付机制,提升绿洲城市居住区人居环境质量,优化城市空间布局及维护绿洲城市生态平衡提供科学参考。     

应用中间件技术的土地管理信息系统的研究

介绍了中间件技术原理,说明了SDE在系统中的工作原理,并以南海市国主管理信息系统的设计与实现为例,介绍了应用中间件技术的GIS的研究与实践。     

Characterizing mixed-use buildings based on multi-source big data

To-date few research has successfully integrated big data from multiple sources to characterize urban mixed-use buildings. In this paper, we introduce a probabilistic model to integrate multi-source and geospatial big data (social network data, taxi trajectories, Points of Interest and remote sensing images) to characterize urban mixed-use buildings. The usefulness of our model is demonstrated with a case study of the Tianhe District in megacity Guangzhou, China. The model predicted building functions at 85% accuracy based on ground truth data from field surveys. We further explored the spatial patterns of the identified building functions. Most mixed-use buildings are located along major streets. Our proposed model can identify mixed-use buildings in a city; information is useful for planning evaluation and urban policymaking.     

用地震危险性分析方法预测山东地区震害

依据地震危险性分析的思路，提出一种场地震害预测的方法。依此方法，给出山东地区５０ａ超越概率为１０％的震害预测略图     

一次江淮大暴雨过程中尺度系统结构分析

本文应用观测资料和中尺度数值模拟结果对1999年6月23日发生在江淮地区一次梅雨锋暴雨过程进行研究，揭示了影响这次暴雨过程的物理条件、云团的演变特征及与中尺度系统的关系，分析表明，在暴雨生成和发展过程中，多个中尺度云团在相继生成和移动发展，暴雨中心是几个发展较强的中尺度对流云团造成的，西南风低空急流为暴雨提供了水汽输送，并且通过强垂直运动向对流层中上层输送水汽，这次暴雨与中尺度系统发生发展有直接关系，西南涡分裂出一系列的小涡旋，这些小涡旋边向东移边减弱，并且同时在地面上引发小低压，这些中尺度低压增强低空水平辐合，成为触发不稳定能量的机制，低空急流中心与雨区相互对应，且急流风速增强，风速水平切变梯度增大的过程对应着强降水过程。     

Advances in environmental behaviors and effects of dissolved organic matter in aquatic ecosystems

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a group of compounds that have complex chemical structures and multiple interactions with their surrounding materials. More than one trillion tons of DOM are stocked in the world’s aquatic ecosystems. DOM is a very important part of aquatic ecosystem productivity and plays a crucial role in global carbon cycling. DOM has rich environmental behaviors and effects such as influencing the bioavailability of contaminants, serving as an important inducer of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and protecting aquatic organisms from the harm of dangerous ultraviolet radiation. There have been many systematic studies on the composition, structure, and sources of DOM because such studies are much easier to conduct than studies on the environmental behaviors and effects of DOM. Due to many factors, the research systems of DOM’s environmental behaviors and effects are still being developed and have become a hotspot of environmental science. This review paper focuses on some critical progress, problems, and trends of DOM’s environmental behaviors and effects in aquatic ecosystems, including mutual exchange mechanisms between DOM and particulate organic matter (POM) with influencing factors, photochemical behaviors of DOM especially inducing ROS, binding interactions between DOM and anthropogenic organic contaminants (AOC), interactions between DOM and microorganisms, effects of DOM on pollutants’ bioavailability, ecotoxicity, and ecological risks. Hopefully, this paper will contribute to a more systematic understanding of the DOM environmental behaviors and effects and to promoting further relevant studies.     

单站点无地面控制摄影机自检校

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基于GeoStudio的边坡稳定性分析及支护方案选择的理论探讨

本文选择大连市中山区长利巷地区的边坡,通过现场采取岩土样,进行室内试验得出各地层力学物理参数,对边坡进行稳定性分析。针对目前所拥有的模拟软件与方法,分析并筛选出适合该边坡的模拟软件。利用GeoStudio软件建模、模拟,使用Morgenstern-Price方法进行计算,通过分析得到计算结果,该边坡的安全安全系数为1. 127,认为其属于不稳定边坡。对于不稳定边坡,本文对主流的边坡支护方法进行分析筛选,拟采用扶壁式挡土墙支护方案对其进行预防。根据规范设计挡土墙尺寸,并对该挡土墙进行抗倾覆抗滑移验算,得出的验算安全系数满足规范要求,由此可得知该支护方案方法合理,技术可行。     

中国东部中新生代裂陷盆地与伸展山岭耦合机制

中国东部中、新生代伸展构造系包括由松辽盆地、华北盆地和江汉盆地等构成的裂陷盆地 ,以及由大兴安岭、太行山及雪峰山等构成的伸展山岭。从大陆裂解和伸展构造动力学来看 ,主要存在底侵作用、对流作用和拆层作用 3种机制。因此裂陷盆地与伸展山岭耦合关系主要是深部壳幔作用在浅层的响应。     

世界海洋油气资源与勘探模式概述

描述了全球海洋油气储量的总体情况、海洋油气资源的地域分布以及海洋油气产量的状况与增长趋势。简略阐述了海洋油气勘探的阶段划分、海洋地质调查、海洋地球化学勘探、海洋非地震地球物理勘探以及海洋地震勘探各方法的基本特点、关键技术和常用手段等。对海洋油气勘探的前景,尤其是深水区和天然气水合物的勘探前景作了展望。