全文获取类型
收费全文 | 449篇 |
免费 | 25篇 |
国内免费 | 12篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 7篇 |
大气科学 | 50篇 |
地球物理 | 125篇 |
地质学 | 164篇 |
海洋学 | 80篇 |
天文学 | 31篇 |
综合类 | 3篇 |
自然地理 | 26篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 7篇 |
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 14篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 9篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 11篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 25篇 |
2012年 | 25篇 |
2011年 | 38篇 |
2010年 | 22篇 |
2009年 | 27篇 |
2008年 | 28篇 |
2007年 | 25篇 |
2006年 | 14篇 |
2005年 | 21篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 15篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 8篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 3篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有486条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
321.
322.
Guillermo Bosch †‡ Rodolfo Barbá ‡§ Nidia Morrell †‡§ Virpi Niemela †‡¶ Pablo Ostrov ‡ Marcelo Arnal § Cristina Cappa § Ricardo Morras § Guillermo Giménez de Castro 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,341(1):169-178
We present new spectroscopy in the optical range and 21-cm H i data covering the Ruprecht 55 (Ru 55) field in the Puppis window where several authors have proposed the existence of one (or two) clusters.
We have determined new MK spectral types for about 50 stars in the region, finding 43 OB-type stars among them. LS 985 was found to be an O9 V + O9.5 III binary and it is the earliest type of star in our observed sample.
We have identified a stellar OB association (Ru 55), which is most likely related to a depletion detected in our H i data, as: (i) they are located at the same distance (6 kpc), within observational errors; (ii) both have similar radial velocities (∼67 km s−1 ); (iii) current OB stars could have provided the energy needed to blow the cavity; (iv) the dynamical time-scale for the hole buildup matches the age estimated for the earliest OB stars; and (v) LS 985 might be responsible for ionizing the H i cavity inner walls close to it. 相似文献
We have determined new MK spectral types for about 50 stars in the region, finding 43 OB-type stars among them. LS 985 was found to be an O9 V + O9.5 III binary and it is the earliest type of star in our observed sample.
We have identified a stellar OB association (Ru 55), which is most likely related to a depletion detected in our H i data, as: (i) they are located at the same distance (6 kpc), within observational errors; (ii) both have similar radial velocities (∼67 km s
323.
324.
325.
The range and spatial distribution of metal concentrations in the Chiloé Interior Sea were investigated from 37 surface sediment samples collected during the ‘CIMAR 10 Fiordos’ cruise. Grain size distribution, total organic carbon and nitrogen, δ13C, major (Al, Fe, and biogenic opal) and trace (Cd, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) elements were determined. Metal background concentrations of each metal in sediment were defined from linear regression equations of metal versus Al, as baseline information for future research on the status of sediment contamination in the Northern Patagonian marine area. Metal levels in Chiloé sediments were of the same order of magnitude as uncontaminated sediments around the world and contamination can be considered negligible-moderate (normalized enrichment factors lower than 3) in this Southern Pacific Region. The Chiloé Interior Sea can be segregated into two zones on the basis of metal content by applying a principal component analysis. The first pertains to inner fjords and it has terrestrial origin (associated to Co, Cu, Pb, Zn) and the second zone features channels and gulfs of a predominantly marine source (Cd, Cu). Nevertheless, only one background equation is needed to predict metal concentrations in the natural sediment of the Chiloé Interior Sea. 相似文献
326.
327.
Abstract. Pinnotherid crabs are typically found associated with many benthic invertebrates. On sandy beaches of southern Brazil, Pinnixa patagoniensis R athbun , 1918 inhabits burrows of the ghost shrimp Sergio mirim R odrigues , 1971. The population dynamics of this crab were studied from monthly samples taken between March 1989 and November 1991 near the Patos Lagoon outlet, southern Brazil ca. 32°13'S; 52°15'W. There was no correlation between the number and size of the crabs and the size of their respective hosts. Mean densities and incidence reached 3.1 indiv. opening-1 range: 0 to 29 and 83.9%. respectively. Sex-ratios were not significantly different from 1:1 for the different size classes and sampling dates. Ovigerous females were found between October and March, showing an average fecundity of 1529 eggs per female. The annual recruitment pattern was bimodal, with a minor peak in summer and a fall peak that accounted for almost 70% of the population maintenance. Males and females both reached a maximum carapace width of 11.5 mm and had a life span of nearly two years as estimated from fitted von B ertalanffy growth curve parameters. 相似文献
328.
Luiz Carlos Ruiz Pessenda Paulo Eduardo De Oliveira Milene Mofatto Vanda Brito de Medeiros Ricardo Jos Francischetti Garcia Ramon Aravena Jos Albertino Bendassoli Accio Zuniga Leite Antonio Roberto Saad Mario Lincoln Etchebehere 《Quaternary Research》2009,71(3):437-452
The lack of paleoecological records from the montane Atlantic Rainforest of coastal Brazil, a hotspot of biological diversity, has been a major obstacle to our understanding of the vegetational changes since the last glacial cycle. We present carbon isotope and pollen records to assess the impact of the glaciation on the native vegetation of the Serra do Mar rainforest in São Paulo, Brazil. From ca. 28,000 to 22,000 14C yr BP, a subtropical forest with conifer trees is indicative of cool and humid conditions. In agreement carbon isotopic data on soil organic matter suggest the presence of C3 plants and perhaps C4 plants from 28,000 to 19,000 14C yr BP. The significant increase in the sedimentation rate and algal spores from 19,450 to 19,000 14C yr BP indicates increasing humidity, associated to an erosion process between 19,000 and 15,600 14C yr BP. From 15,600 14C yr BP to present there is a substantial increase in arboreal elements and herbs, indicating more humid and warmer climate. From 19,000 to 1000 14C yr BP, δ13C values indicated the predominance of C3 plants. These results are in agreement with studies in speleothems of caves, which suggest humid conditions during the last glacial maximum. 相似文献
329.
Thomas J. Ireland Ricardo Arevalo Jr. Richard J. Walker William F. McDonough 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2009,73(15):4517-4475
Concentrations of tungsten (W) and uranium (U), which represent two of the most highly incompatible elements during mantle melting, have been measured in a suite of Hawaiian picrites and primitive tholeiites from nine main-stage shield volcanoes. Tungsten abundances in the parental melts are estimated from correlations between sample W abundances and MgO contents, and/or by olivine correction calculations. From these parental melt determinations, along with independent estimates for the degree of partial melting at each volcanic center, we extrapolate the W content of the mantle sources for each shield volcano. The mantle sources of Hualalai, Mauna Loa, Kohala, Kilauea, Mauna Kea, Koolau and Loihi contain 9 ± 2 (2σ), 11 ± 5, 10 ± 4, 12 ± 4, 10 ± 5, 8 ± 7 and 11 ± 5 ng/g, respectively. When combined, the mean Hawaiian source has an average of 10 ± 3 ng/g W, which is three-times as enriched as the Depleted MORB Mantle (DMM; 3.0 ± 2.3 ng/g).The relatively high abundances of W in the mantle sources that contribute to Hawaiian lavas may be explained as a consequence of the recycling of W-rich oceanic crust and sediment into a depleted mantle source, such as the depleted MORB mantle (DMM). However, this scenario requires varying proportions of recycled materials with different mean ages to account for the diversity of radiogenic isotope compositions observed between Kea- and Loa-trend volcanoes. Alternatively, the modeled W enrichments may also reflect a primary source component that is less depleted in incompatible trace elements than the DMM. Such a source would not necessarily require the addition of recycled materials, although the presence of some recycled crust is permitted within our model parameters and likely accounts for some of the isotopic variations between volcanic centers.The physical admixture of ?0.5 wt.% outer core material with the Hawaiian source region would not be resolvable via W source abundances or W/U ratios; however, W isotopes may provide a more sensitive to this mixing process. Recent W isotopic studies show no indication of core-mantle interaction, indicating that either such a process does not occur, or that mechanisms other than physical mixing may operate at the core-mantle boundary. 相似文献
330.
Yaser A. Hafez Rod D. Davies Richard J. Davis Clive Dickinson Elia S. Battistelli Francisco Blanco Kieran Cleary Thomas Franzen Ricardo Genova-Santos Keith Grainge Michael P. Hobson Michael E. Jones Katy Lancaster Anthony N. Lasenby Carmen P. Padilla-Torres José Alberto Rubiño-Martin Rafael Rebolo Richard D. E. Saunders Paul F. Scott Angela C. Taylor David Titterington Marco Tucci Robert A. Watson 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,388(4):1775-1786
Accurate calibration of data is essential for the current generation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. Using data from the Very Small Array (VSA), we describe procedures which will lead to an accuracy of 1 per cent or better for experiments such as the VSA and CBI. Particular attention is paid to the stability of the receiver systems, the quality of the site and frequent observations of reference sources. At 30 GHz the careful correction for atmospheric emission and absorption is shown to be essential for achieving 1 per cent precision.
The sources for which a 1 per cent relative flux density calibration was achieved included Cas A, Cyg A, Tau A and NGC 7027 and the planets Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. A flux density, or brightness temperature in the case of the planets, was derived at 33 GHz relative to Jupiter which was adopted as the fundamental calibrator. A spectral index at ∼30 GHz is given for each.
Cas A, Tau A, NGC 7027 and Venus were examined for variability. Cas A was found to be decreasing at 0.394 ± 0.019 per cent yr−1 over the period 2001 March to 2004 August. In the same period Tau A was decreasing at 0.22 ± 0.07 per cent yr−1 . A survey of the published data showed that the planetary nebula NGC 7027 decreased at 0.16 ± 0.04 per cent yr−1 over the period 1967–2003. Venus showed an insignificant (1.5 ± 1.3 per cent) variation with Venusian illumination. The integrated polarization of Tau A at 33 GHz was found to be 7.8 ± 0.6 per cent at position angle =148°± 3°. 相似文献
The sources for which a 1 per cent relative flux density calibration was achieved included Cas A, Cyg A, Tau A and NGC 7027 and the planets Venus, Jupiter and Saturn. A flux density, or brightness temperature in the case of the planets, was derived at 33 GHz relative to Jupiter which was adopted as the fundamental calibrator. A spectral index at ∼30 GHz is given for each.
Cas A, Tau A, NGC 7027 and Venus were examined for variability. Cas A was found to be decreasing at 0.394 ± 0.019 per cent yr