沿北海北部原休眠正断层的断层活化和流体流动

在该项研究中 ,根据原地应力及局部高孔隙压力 ,我们认为Ｖｉｓｕｎｄ油气田的断层活化和流体流动是由于一个邻接长期休眠正断层的储集层内有油气聚集。研究地震和断层作用的科学家们长期以来就对流体的力学作用颇感兴趣。有若干好的研究例子表明 ,地下深处注入流体形成高孔隙压力 ,从而诱发了地震。Ｓａｈａｇｉａｎ与Ｐｒｏｕｓｓｅｖｉｔｃｈ（１９９２）指出岩浆房顶部浮动的油气柱产生的高孔隙可能是引起火山爆发的原因 ,而Ｌｉｎｄｅ等（１９９４）、Ｓｔｕｒｔｅｖａｎｔ等（１９９６）则暗示地震波穿过期间岩浆中的气体溶解可能会进…     

洋中脊断裂模式

断层是岩石圈中的准面状脆弱带，是地球的脆性外带，是地震和构造应变集中发生的区域。要想研究断层是如何形成的，首先要了解不断有断层形成的洋中脊地区，然后深入研究对热液矿床和化能自养生物群落产生重大影响的洋脊断层体系。     

三维地震图像中古海陆断裂带(东赤道大西洋Chain断裂带)的结束

海陆断裂带（COFZs）是大陆裂谷时期和海洋扩张初期发育的构造板块边界的一个基本类型。通过动力模式研究,我们发现它们有3个主要的形成过程：陆一陆剪切、洋壳增生以及伴随的COFZ沿线的海陆剪切过程（LePichon和Hayer,1971;Scrutton,1979;Mascle和Blarez,1987）;然而,有关古COFZs的钻探和二维地震数据都很有局限性,虽然同类的洋一洋断裂带有相关的露头和旁侧声纳资料,但是总起来说还是非常缺乏断裂带的三维构造数据。     

晚始新世早期的撞击事件加速了全球变冷

在晚始新世早期的沉积物记录中 ,至少两次地外行星对地球的强撞击产生了至少两个紧邻的冲击抛出物散布场 (含单斜辉石类球粒散布场和北美陨石雨散布场 )。两个直径为９０～１００ｋｍ的撞击坑被认为是抛出物散布场的来源 ;切萨皮克海撞击坑和Ｐｏｐｉｇａｉ撞击坑。在某些地区计算的这两个抛出物地层相差１０ -２０ｋａ。然而 ,在大多数地区 ,由于其中的一个地层缺失或者垂向混合 ,两个地层已无法辨认。北美陨石雨散布场的玻陨石４０Ａｒ／ ３９Ａｒ测年 (两个地层的上层 )为３５．５Ｍａ。生物地层学研究揭示了这些撞击碎屑层与海洋生物的…     

白垩纪末全球变冷时期北大西洋增温现象

受低纬度环境影响的范围和低纬度环境受到暂时性气候影响的范围是气候和古气候研究中的新问题。气候模式预测：如果在温室效应下高纬度地区像数据中所说的那样变暖,则热带地区的温度要高于数据中描述的温度（如Huber等,2000）。这种不一致现象表明古温度估计中有误差和对温室气候动力学缺乏了解。有研究得出温室热带冷于现代热带的结论,     

Occurrence and accumulation features of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and synthetic musk compounds in finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) from Korean coastal waters

Reports of the occurrence and accumulation patterns of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) in marine mammals are scarce. In this study, the concentrations and accumulation profiles of PAHs and SMCs were determined in blubber from finless porpoises in Korean coastal waters. Total concentrations of PAHs and SMCs ranged from 6.0 to 432 (mean: 160) ng/g lipid weight and from 17 to 144 (mean: 52) ng/g lipid weight, respectively. Residue levels of PAHs were lower than those reported from other studies, while residue levels of SMCs were relatively higher than those reported in other studies. Naphthalene was the most abundant PAH and HHCB was the dominant SMC observed in finless porpoises. The concentrations of PAHs and SMCs were not correlated with each other, but were significantly correlated within the same chemical groups. No correlations were found between body size and residue levels of PAHs and SMCs.     

Accumulation of butyltin compounds in cetaceans from Korean coastal waters

Data on the occurrence and accumulation profiles of butyltins (BTs), including tributyltin (TBT), in marine mammals are scarce. This is the first study to investigate residue levels and accumulation patterns of BTs in cetaceans from Korean coastal waters. The total concentrations of BTs (sum of mono- to tri-butyltins) in minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and long-beaked common dolphins (Delphinus capensis) ranged from 15.7 to 297 ng/g wet weight (mean: 100 ng/g wet weight) and from 59.0 to 412 ng/g wet weight (mean: 228 ng/g wet weight), respectively. Dibutyltin (DBT) accounted for 63% of the total BTs in all cetacean samples. Significant species-specific differences in BT concentrations, possibly due to the differences in their habitat and diet, were found between the two cetacean species. The concentrations of DBT and TBT in most cetacean samples exceeded the threshold value for cytotoxic effects in cetaceans, implying potentially adverse health risks from exposure to BTs.     

Carbon and nitrogen cycling in the Zhubi coral reef lagoon of the South China Sea as revealed by 210Po and 210Pb

The radionuclides (210)Po and (210)Pb were examined to trace the cycling of particulate organic carbon (POC) and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) in the Zhubi coral reef lagoon. The net export flux of POC to the open sea is 14 mg Cm(-2) d(-1). However, the net exchange of PON has not yet been observed. On average, the vertical export fluxes in the lagoon of POC and PON, as derived from (210)Po/(210)Pb disequilibria, are 43 mg Cm(-2) d(-1) and 13.8 mg Nm(-2) d(-1), respectively. The deficit of (210)Po relative to (210)Pb in particulate matter provides evidence for the degradation of particulate organic matter. According to the mass balance budgets, 310 mg Cm(-2) d(-1) and 121 mg Nm(-2) d(-1) were recycled into dissolved fractions. Based on a first-order kinetics model, the degradation rate constants of POC and PON are 0.28 and 0.30 m(-1), respectively. Thus, (210)Po and (210)Pb can quantify the cycling of carbon and nitrogen in this coral lagoon.