Effects of frequency and confining pressure on consolidation drainage behavior of soft marine clays

Abstract

This article presents an experimental investigation on the dynamic consolidation (DC) drainage behavior of soft marine clays. A sinusoidal harmonic load with different frequencies was applied to simulate the DC method in which the conventional impact load was replaced by the cyclic load. Four geotextile-filter strips were used to form the side drainage channels simulating the wick drain method. A series of loading tests were conducted on soft soil specimens at different confining pressures (i.e., 20, 40, 70, and 100?kPa) and different vibration frequencies (i.e., 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 5?Hz). Test results showed that both confining pressure and frequency have significant influences on the drainage behavior of soft marine clay specimens. The magnitude of drainage volume consistently decreases linearly with increasing confining pressure. Compared to static loading condition, specimens under cyclic loading condition at different frequencies show a better drainage performance. Specimen at applied frequency of 1?Hz exhibits the maximum cumulative drainage volume due to the resonant effect.     

Time-Dependent Deformation Behavior of Jiangsu Marine Clay

In this article, the mechanical behavior of a Jiangsu marine clay was investigated by drained triaxial tests, traixial rheological tests, and one-dimensional compression and swelling tests. A visco-plastic model, the Bingham model combining two yield surfaces model, was proposed to describe the time-dependent deformation behaviors of the marine clay. The governing equation of Biot's consolidation theory for the visco-plastic soil is solved using a finite element code which incorporates the visco-plastic model. Using the finite element method, settlements of a typical embankment on the Lianxu expressway in China are calculated. Settlement calculations using the visco-plastic model are in agreement with the measured settlements in the field. The results demonstrate that the visco-plastic model is appropriate for calculating the visco-plastic deformations of Jiangsu marine clay. Theoretical and experimental studies show that the visco-plastic deformation of Jiangsu marine clay is substantial.     

武夷山成矿带及邻区上地幔速度结构及其对燕山期岩浆-成矿活动的启示

武夷山成矿带燕山期岩浆-成矿活动的深部动力学机制一直是学者们研究的热点.已有的研究结果表明,武夷山成矿带及邻区的上地幔存在着显著的低速异常,可能与地表的岩浆-成矿活动存在着密切的联系.本研究利用分布在华夏地块98个固定地震台站以及59个流动地震台站所记录到的278个远震事件,采用远震层析成像方法构建了武夷山成矿带及邻区...     

湖北省潮汐形变观测异常及干扰识别

对2003—2013年湖北省数字化定点形变潮汐观测中的突跳、阶变、震颤等异常的分析发现,气象因素对形变潮汐观测的影响复杂:1)不同气压场控制影响形变观测的异常形态不同,但响应频率一致;2)台风对形变观测的秒值和分钟值数据在1～4秒和2～4分钟较高频段均有响应;3)台址条件不同,降雨对形变观测产生的畸变影响不同。影响范围一般在0～全日波频段且存在较大的噪声;4)短时大气温度变化对形变观测有一定影响,会使曲线发生抖动或暂态波动,在64～128分钟和128～256分钟较低频段上有响应。水库冲沙、水库蓄水、土石开挖等环境荷载变化对分钟值观测曲线产生明显阶跃、抖动型实时畸变。人员进洞、施工、仪器标定检修等人为活动对观测曲线的影响可直接识别。     

Diagnosis of river basins as CO2 sources or sinks subject to sediment movement

Sediment movement during erosion, transport and deposition greatly affects the ecosystem of river basins. However, there is presently no consensus as to whether particular river basins act as carbon dioxide (CO₂) sources or sinks related to these processes. This paper introduces a rule‐of‐thumb coordinate system based on sediment delivery ratio (SDR) and soil humin content (SHC) in order to evaluate the net effect of soil erosion, sediment transport and deposition on CO₂ flux in river basins. The SDR–SHC system delineates CO₂ source and sink areas, and further divides the sink into strong and weak areas according to the world‐average line. The Yellow River Basin, most severely suffering soil erosion in the world, only appears to be a weak erosion‐induced CO₂ sink in this system. The average annual CO₂ sequestration is ~0·235 Mt from 1960 to 2008, a relatively small value considering its 3·1% contribution to the World's sediment discharge. The temporal analysis shows that the Yellow River Basin was once a source in the 1960s, but changed its role to become a weak sink in the past 40 years due to both anthropogenic and climatic influences. The spatial analysis identifies the middle sub‐basin as the main source region, and the lower as the main sink. For comparison, sediment‐movement‐related CO₂ fluxes of eight other major basins in four continents are examined. It is found that the six basins considered in the Northern Hemisphere appear to be sinks, while the other two in the Southern Hemisphere act as sources. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

YRY-4型钻孔应变观测抽水影响分析

分析泰安基准地震台YRY-4型钻孔应变仪仪器受不同位置抽水的影响,就地下岩石含水变化所产生的地形变干扰,简要分析地下水与地下岩石间的相互作用。这对地震前兆的研究有重要实用意义。     

斜向往复水平荷载作用下矩形截面框架柱抗震性能

通过7根矩形截面钢筋混凝土框架柱试验,研究了不同加载角度时低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下,矩形截面框架柱双向受剪承载力的相关性、滞回曲线特性和延性系数。结果表明,低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下矩形截面框架柱的受剪承载力随加载角度的增大而减小;双向受剪承载力的相关关系可以近似用椭圆方程描述;滞回曲线在形状上与正向水平荷载作用下框架柱的滞回曲线并无明显差异;随着加载角度的增大,框架柱的延性系数有降低的趋势。低周往复斜向水平荷载作用下所有框架柱的破坏均为剪切脆性破坏,应加强其抗震设计。     

矿山微地震全波自动定位的层析成像方法(英文)

针对在矿山微地震监测过程中纵横波及其传播速度难以确定的难点,在球坐标系中以波动方程为基础,推导出了矿山微地震全波自动定位的层析成像的计算公式,并给出了参数选择准则,藉此可以获得微地震成像能量最大值及其对应参数。通过判断能量最大值在风险区内的位置,可以将风险区内外的微地震事件区分出来。对于能量最大值位于风险区域内的微地震事件,其震源位置和震动时间以及传播速度与能量最大值对应的坐标参数相同,能量最大值对应于震源函数相对强度;当能量最大值位于风险区域边界上时,微地震事件不在风险区域范围之内。理论模型试算和矿山实际微地震资料的应用表明:层析成像方法无需纵横波识别和传播速度假定,只要给定事故风险区域范围及其传播速度范围,便可完成微地震事件定位,是一种全波全自动定位方法,具有进一步研究价值。     

Magnetic Susceptibility and Heavy Metals Distribution from Risk‐cultivated Soil around the Iron–Steel Plant,China

Magnetic susceptibility is a non‐conventional way that can be used for evaluating proxy soil heavy metals pollution. The paper monitors available heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mn) present in cultivated soils around iron–steel plant by soil magnetic susceptibility. Our study was located in an area with high pollution with small grid density of 250 m in China. Results showed that low field magnetic susceptibility was significantly correlated with available Cu, Zn, and Mn. No clear association exists between magnetic susceptibility and available Fe, soil organic matter, pH. Frequency dependent susceptibility >5% suggests the possible presence of super‐paramagnetic particles, fly ashes produced during coal combustion.