天山北坡中段春季融雪洪水及其灾害成因研究

天山北坡是新疆多雪地区之一，其中乌苏至乌鲁木齐－带的山麓地带，和山前平原纳洪地区春季赖洪水及其灾害频繁。研究结果表明，这里的春季融雪洪水及其灾害除了与促进春季积雪强烈消融的气象因素有关外，还和这里的地貌条件与受地貌条件影响的冷期降雪有关。研究区玛纳斯褶皱前山及其纵谷是地域宽阔的中、低山区、在冷期形成较多降雪并大量积聚，导致春季融雪洪水灾害时有发生。     

永春桃东温泉地震预报效果分析

1986年以来台湾省花莲、菲律宾(?)、福建省南日岛海域及蓬壶发生过几次地震,发震前桃东温泉井的水量、水氡含量均有明显的规律性变化,可作为短期地震预报的重要信息。笔者认为其变因与温泉所处的地质构造及地貌环境密切相关。     

海南省蓬莱蓝宝石及其形成条件研究

海南省蓬莱是我国著名的蓝宝石产地之一。本文研究了该地蓝宝石的矿物学及化学组成特征，并首次详细研究了蓝宝石的包裹体特征，测定了蓝宝石的形成温度。最后，综合其它证据，对蓝宝石的成因进行了讨论。     

1977年1月500mb的大气环流及动能转换关系

1977年1月是北半球中纬大陆地区近年来最严寒的一个月。利用500 mb逐日资料,进行了天气学和能量学的研究,所得结果如下: (1)这个月极区经常出现高压,而且阿拉斯加高压脊特别强而稳定。由于极区高压,高纬西风动量大量地往中纬输送,造成高纬强东风。 (2)对于这个月月平均基本气流,进行正压不稳定度判据的检定,发现存在接近正压不稳定的条件。同时,有供给涡动发展的能量。 (3)这个月涡动中,最活跃的是n=3波,寒潮爆发主要是同3波盛行期相联系。3波之所以异常活跃,是由于从2波接受异常多的能量。 (4)2波输出能量较往年多一倍以上,主要输送给3波,对3波发展起着重要作用。 对这些结果进行了物理上的联系和讨论。     

1978年10月份寒潮前后的正压能量转换与季节过渡

以1978年10月下旬东亚寒潮为例,研究寒潮前后一段时期的波谱域正压能量转换关系的变化。发现这次寒潮前后正压能量关系发生了突变。具体表现在:(1)盛行波动由长波转变为超长波;(2)正压能量转换关系由以长波段为主转变为以超长波为主;(3)2波,从作为其他波的动能源来看,发生了根本变化。这些突变具有季节性变化的特点。     

Preliminary study of REE iron formations in China

Geological and geochemical characteristics of REE iron formation (REEIF), a term proposed by Prof. Tu Kuang-chih to specify a special type of Precambrian iron formations rich in REE, are discussed in this paper with special reference to its REE contents, REE distribution patterns, the formation mechanism, the relationship between its development and the multi-stage evolution of the continental crust in China, and the implications of REE as an indicator of oxidation state for ancient atmosphere. Major conclusions are outlined as follows:

1. REEIFs are characterized by high REE concentrations against the very low REE levels in normal Precambrian iron formations.
2. REEIFs are formed by marine sedimentary-diagenetic processes in miogeosynclines or transition zones during Proterozoic times To some extent, volcanic activity may play an important role in the deposition of ore-forming materials. In a broader sense, REEIFs belong to Fe-bearing dolomite formations. Most REEIFs in China may be superimposed by late geological processes such as hydrothermal-metasomatism, migmatization and metamorphism. Generally, REEIFs have much in common with stratabound ore deposits in respect to their characteristic features.
3. Similar to Precambrian iron formations, REE are enriched in LREE. But, the degree of LREE enrichment is noticed to increase of total REE content. Most REEIFs are characterized by high ratios of σ Ce/σY, (Mg+Fe)/Ca, Na/K, Nb/Ta, Zr/Hf, Th/U, Ba/Sr, etc.
4. The extensive occurrence of REEIFs indicates higher REE abundance in the continental crust of China, thus lending further support to the multi-stage theory regarding the evolution of chemical elements and the differentiation in the continental crust of China.
5. Preliminary data seem to support the time-dependence of REE distribution patterns and relative Eu contents of REEIFs in China.

     

Insights about the structure and development of Zhongsha Bank in the South China Sea from integrated geophysical modelling

ABSTRACT

We construct a complete density transection based on the velocity structures across the Zhongsha Bank in the South China Sea. Gravity modelling of the lateral density contrasts between tectonic units helps us to determine the structural attributes and boundaries between continental blocks and deep basins. The configuration of the continent–ocean boundary (COB) around the Zhongsha Bank is mapped based on the gravity/magnetic anomaly and crustal structures. A low-density mantle is found beneath the Zhongsha Bank and the oceanic basins, and this mantle is associated with the high heat-flow background. The COB orientation is northeast-east in the north of the bank, with faulted linear structures. In further southeast, where there is a more intact crust, the COB orientation changed to north-northeast. The reconstructed density model and gravity/magnetic map indicate that the Zhongsha Bank is conjugated with the Liyue Bank by a rifted basin, where the crust had experienced localized deformation before the seafloor spreading. Because of the insufficient magmatism in the oceanic basin, the spreading ridge propagates into the weakened continental lithosphere between the two continental blocks, thus completely separating the Zhongsha Bank from the Liyue Bank. Seafloor spreading ridge jumps within the South China Sea may also be affected by the heterogeneous lithosphere beneath the continental blocks and oceanic basins.     

Characteristics of the mantle source region of sodium lamprophyres and petrogenetic tectonic setting in northeastern Hunan,China

~~Characteristics of the mantle source region of sodium lamprophyres and petrogenetic tectonic setting in northeastern Hunan,China~~     

Proterozoic anorogenic magmatic rocks and their constraints on mineralizations in the Bayan Obo deposit region,Inner Mongolia

The Proterozoic anorogenic magmatic rocks are well developed in the Bayan Obo deposit region. They are composed of trachyte, magnesioarfvedesonite-feldspatite, potash-rhyolite, dacite, rhyolite, quartz porphyry and trachy basalt. A lot of high-K diabase veins (dykes) are also found. These anorogenic magmatic rocks are derived from the mantle. They have lower?^Nd(t) (4.52-5.88) with T ^Nd _DM = 1.54-1.92 Ga. Their Nd isotopic compositions and T ^Nd _DM are consistent with those of ores, implying that the ore-forming materials were derived from these anorogenic magmatic rocks. The zircon U-Pb ages of the rocks are 1.8 Ga. Research results indicate that the Bayan Obo Group was replaced by the hydrothermal solution related to the anorogenic magmatic rocks, resulting in the formation of the deposit.     

Antiplane response of isoceles triangular hill to incident SH waves

In this paper, antiplane response of an isosceles triangular hill to incident SH waves is studied based on the method of complex function and by using moving coordinate system. The standing wave function, which can satisfy the governing equation and boundary condition, is provided. Furthermore, numerical examples are presented; the influences of wave number and angle of the incident waves and the angle of the hill's peak on ground motion are discussed.