西秦岭南缘阳山金矿带磷灰石LA-ICP-MS裂变径迹热年代学研究

位于西秦岭文县弧形构造带的阳山金矿,是勉略缝合带内已探明金资源最大的独立金矿,且金矿形成后经历多期次构造活动,因此阳山金矿是研究矿床热演化、变化与保存的理想选区,其研究成果可用来约束金成矿时限,同时定量的隆升剥蚀数据可为深部找矿及矿床储藏提供远景潜力评价依据。本文采集钻孔矿化接触带中英云闪长斑岩脉,利用LA-ICP-MS技术进行裂变径迹测年。3件样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄中心值为124.3±6.4 Ma、146.4±6.3 Ma和117±13 Ma,其中一件样品磷灰石裂变径迹平均长度为12.11μm。热历史反演的时间-温度曲线表明,在146 Ma阳山金矿带内英云闪长斑岩脉体温度下降到磷灰石裂变径迹封闭温度区间(60～120℃),即在侏罗纪晚期或白垩纪早期之后,研究区几乎没有大规模岩浆活动或热液活动,缺乏与燕山期同时期区域性岩浆活动相对应的热事件。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据分析认为,即使金矿带在喜马拉雅期可能存在微弱的热事件扰动,但岩浆热液活动规模较小且对金成矿作用贡献微乎其微。结合磷灰石热历史时间-温度曲线,阳山金矿带大规模成矿事件的时间集中在210～195 Ma区间,且热历史反演曲线未显示有...     

复杂地震波场的自适应流预测插值方法

地震数据本质上是非平稳的,如何解决复杂非平稳地震波场的数据缺失问题是地震勘探数据处理的重要环节之一。预测滤波器在地震数据处理和分析中具有重要的作用,该技术可以有效地解决地震数据缺失问题,但传统的平稳预测滤波方法无法很好地适应地震数据的非平稳特征;因此,开发高效的复杂地震波场自适应预测插值方法具有重要的工业价值。本文将预测滤波器加入"流处理"的概念,滤波器系数随着地震数据的变化同时更新,此计算过程仅需矢量点积运算,能够提高计算效率并降低内存空间;并以此为基础开发基于流预测滤波的地震数据插值方法。利用多次波的动力学信息,通过互相关技术构建虚拟一次波,有效地解决了缺失数据位置滤波系数估计不准的问题,为插值过程提供了更为合理的滤波器估计,更好地解决了非平稳地震数据的重建问题。对Sigsbee 2B模型和实际数据的测试结果表明,该方法可以合理地针对复杂地震信息完成缺失数据的重建。     

中国东北地区蛇绿岩

我国东北地区位于中亚造山带的东段,经历了复杂的增生造山过程,其所属微陆块的基底属性及拼贴位置、洋-陆转换一直是地学界研究的热点。根据近年来的研究进展,我们将东北地区微陆块划分为额尔古纳地块、兴安增生地体、松嫩-锡林浩特地块和佳木斯地块。同时综述了东北地区蛇绿岩/蛇绿混杂岩带的时空分布、年代学及地球化学的新资料,讨论了其构造背景及俯冲-增生过程。东北地区增生造山不仅涉及古亚洲洋和古太平洋,还可能与泛大洋有关,包括早奥陶世-晚三叠世古亚洲洋主洋盆及古亚洲洋分支——新元古代-晚寒武世新林-喜桂图洋、早寒武世-晚石炭世嫩江洋、新元古代-晚志留世黑龙江洋和晚二叠世-中侏罗世牡丹江洋的演化。早石炭世末-晚石炭世初,东北地区古亚洲洋分支洋盆全部闭合,所有微陆块完成聚合形成统一的东北陆块群。晚二叠世-早三叠世时期,古亚洲洋主洋盆沿索伦-西拉木伦-长春-延吉缝合带自西向东从早到晚以剪刀式最终闭合,完成东北陆块群与华北板块的拼接。晚三叠世-早侏罗世时期古太平洋板块俯冲启动,东北地区进入古太平洋俯冲增生构造体系。     

A Q-band two-beam cryogenic receiver for the Tianma Radio Telescope

A Q-band two-beam cryogenic receiver for the Tianma Radio Telescope(TMRT)has been developed,and it uses the independently-developed key microwave and millimeter-wave components operating from 35 to 50 GHz with a fractional bandwidth of 35%.The Q-band receiver consists of three parts:optics,cold unit assembly and warm unit assembly,and it can receive simultaneously the lefthanded and right-handed circularly polarized waves.The cold unit assembly of each beam is composed of a feed horn,a noise injection coupler,a differential phase shifter,an orthomode transducer and two low-noise amplifiers,and it works at a temperature range near 20 K to greatly improve the detection sensitivity of the receiving system.The warm unit assembly includes four radio-frequency amplifiers,four radio-frequency high-pass filters,four waveguide biased mixers,four 4–12 GHz intermediate-frequency amplifiers and one 31–38 GHz frequency synthesizer.The measured Q-band four-channel receiver noise temperatures are roughly 30–40 K.In addition,the single-dish spectral line and international very long baseline interferometry(VLBI)observations between the TMRT and East Asia VLBI Network at the Q-band have been successfully carried out,demonstrating the advantages of the TMRT equipped with the state-of-the-art Q-band receiver.     

Modeling N_2O Emissions from Agricultural Fields in Southeast China

l.Intr0ductionWiththedevelopmentofeconomy,theenvironmentalproblemsarebec0mingincreasinglyserious.Am0ngthem,theenhancementofgreenh0useeffectsandglobalwarm-ingaretwoimPOrtantonesthathavear0usedwideattention.Nitrousoxide(N,O)isanim-POrtantgreenhousegasandplayingagreatroleinthesetwoprocesses.SincetheIndustrialRevolution,theatmosphericN2Oconcentrationhasincreasedbyaboutl5%(IPCC,l995).Inthelast4Oyears,itincreasedrapidlyatarateof0.2%ro.3%yr-'(IPCC,l99O).Ifitin-creasesatthisrate,theatmospheri…     

The origin of variable-δ18O zircons in Jurassic and Cretaceous Mo-bearing granitoids in the eastern Xing–Meng Orogenic Belt,Northeast China

This study reports new zircon U–Pb ages, Lu–Hf isotope data, and oxygen isotope data for Mesozoic Mo-bearing granitoids in the eastern Xing–Meng Orogenic Belt (XMOB) of Northeast China, within the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Combining these new laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) zircon U–Pb ages with the results of previous research indicates that two stages of Mo-bearing granitoid magmatism occurred in the eastern XMOB, during the Early–Middle Jurassic (200–165 Ma) and the Early Cretaceous (ca. 111 Ma). The eastern XMOB also contains Mo-bearing granitoids with variable δ¹⁸O compositions that record variations in source oxygen isotopic compositions. Combining δ¹⁸O data with zircon U–Pb and Hf isotopic data provides evidence of the origin of these granitoids. Three types of zircon have been identified within these granitoids. Type 1 zircons formed during the Mesozoic and having high δ¹⁸O values (5.71–7.05‰) that are consistent with the compositions of magmatic zircons from the Luming, Jiapigou, and Kanchuangou areas. These zircons suggest that the Mo-bearing granitoids were derived from a source containing supracrustal materials. The type 2 zircons have extremely low and heterogeneous δ¹⁸O values (4.64–4.89‰) that are consistent with the compositions of magmatic zircons from the Jidetun and Fuanpu areas. These magmas were generated by the remelting of juvenile crustal material that was previously significantly modified by interaction with fluids. Type 3 zircons generally have mantle-like δ¹⁸O values (5.42–5.57‰), with several zircons yielding higher δ¹⁸O values, suggesting that these intrusions formed from mantle-derived magmas that assimilated and were metasomatized by crustal material. Combining these geochemical data with the geology of this region indicates that the Mo-bearing granitoids were generated as a result of subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Plate beneath the Eurasian continent.     

吉林珲春三叠纪高镁闪长岩的发现及地质意义

吉林珲春地区首次发现的高镁闪长岩对于讨论东北地区岩石圈演化历史具有重要意义。该类岩石的锆石LAICPMSU-Pb年龄为241～240Ma,SiO_2和MgO的含量分别介于51.93%～55.85%和3.97%～10.38%之间,具有较高的Mg~#(0.45～0.70),属于钠质钙碱性系列。轻稀土略微富集,但稀土配分曲线近于平坦型,富集Rb,亏损Ba、Nb、Ta、P和Ti等元素。该类岩石的锆石~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf值和ε_(Hf)(t)值分别变化于0.282672～0.283085和1.78～15.95之间,显示地幔来源的特征,最小单阶段模式年龄(t_(DMI)=246Ma)与其侵入年龄(t=240～241Ma)相一致,表明该区乃至延边地区在240Ma左右的中三叠世存在一次重要的地壳增生事件。Sr/Y(3.19～12.48)-Y(19.3×10~(-6)～81.1×10~(-6))和(La/Yb)_N(1.00～3.51)-Yb_N(4.15～14.62)判别图解显示其形成可能与赞岐岩有相似的岩浆过程,即形成于消减带之上的地幔楔环境,由地幔橄榄岩与消减洋壳板片部分熔融产生的富Si质熔体平衡反应形成。综合研究表明,延边地区早三叠世之前为活动陆缘环境,古亚洲洋板块向华北板块之下俯冲。     

三维地震解释的陷阱及原因分析

煤炭三维地震勘探技术在长期勘探工作中出现了种种产生地质解释的陷阱,如假频干扰引起同相轴错断、静校正值误差形成假褶曲、速度陷阱导致假煤层形态等。文中对这些问题发生的原因进行了分析,并探索了部分解决办法,以期进一步提高三维地震成果的精确度和可信度,更好地为煤矿建设服务。      

伊拉克哈法亚油田高压盐膏层安全钻井技术

盐膏层钻井是当前钻井技术的难题之一,钻井施工中存在盐膏层及软泥岩层安全钻进难度大、井身质量控制困难和卡钻几率较大等问题。本文针对伊拉克哈法亚油田的地层条件：改变了盐膏层段套管坐封点,使套管漏封漏失状况得到有效控制;将定向轨迹井斜角由71.29°优化为29.48°,避开了易形成岩屑床井段,有效控制定向段卡钻,提高施工效率23%;确定哈法亚油田软泥岩缩径周期为48 h左右。根据缩径规律开展钻井,有效减少了钻头泥包和泥环的形成。确定了依据石膏岩、盐岩含量变化控制饱和盐水钻井液密度的原则,形成了控制饱和盐水钻井液黏度的现场维护技术措施。     

黑龙江省西北部晚古生代I-A型花岗岩的成因及构造意义

本文以黑龙江省西北部大兴安岭塔源镇和小兴安岭二站乡地区花岗岩为研究对象,通过岩石学、U-Pb年代学及地球化学分析,揭示了古亚洲洋在该地区的俯冲—碰撞过程。塔源黑云母二长花岗岩U-Pb年龄为308 Ma,为晚石炭世侵入体,具有高硅、高碱的特征,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,ε_Hf（t）为0.8~2.5,地球化学特征显示其来源于增生的下地壳物质;二站乡二长花岗岩、碱长花岗岩U-Pb年龄分别为305和293 Ma,同样为高硅、高碱系列,富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素,亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素,地球化学特征显示其来源于新生地壳。晚石炭世花岗岩为Ⅰ型花岗岩,早二叠世花岗岩为A型花岗岩。利用锆石δEu定量限定了塔源二长花岗岩和二站乡二长花岗岩的形成深度,分别为38.8 和34.7 km,而碱长花岗岩形成深度为28.7 km,暗示晚石炭世至早二叠世该地区经历了地壳的拉张减薄,记录了古亚洲洋的俯冲消亡与之后的后碰撞伸展作用。