Eclipse effects in the atmospheric boundary layer

The influence of a solar eclipse on solar-radiation fluxes, meteorological parameters, turbulence characteristics, and vertical temperature profiles in the atmospheric boundary layer is analyzed. Air-temperature variations caused by an eclipse and time delays of these variations with respect to the onset of the total-eclipse phase in the atmospheric surface and boundary layers are determined. The influence of a solar eclipse on the turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent heat flux, and variance and spectral density of the power of air-temperature pulsations are estimated. Variations in aerosol parameters and concentrations of light ions during a total solar eclipse are discussed.     

Weak dependence of the SWAN wave model on hydrodynamic properties of sea bottom

The third generation of the SWAN wave model is modified by the incorporation of new resistance laws for hydrodynamically rough, incompletely rough (smoothly rough), and smooth underlying surfaces. A modified model is used to determine the functional dependences of wave parameters (such as the dimensionless energy of waves and the dimensionless spectral peak frequency) on a dimensionless fetch. The results of calculations are compared to the experimental data obtained in Lake George (northeastern Australia), which has a nearly constant depth and extended, nearly rectilinear segments of coast. The SWAN model is shown to depend weakly on hydrodynamic properties of the sea bottom: distinctions arising from changes in hydrodynamic properties of the sea bottom are smaller than the variances of experimental estimates.     

Hydrocarbons in an urban atmosphere

Statistical characteristics of variations in surface-layer concentrations of methane, non-methane and aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, and formaldehyde are compared with the characteristics of variations in the concentration of carbon monoxide in the air basin of Moscow. Differences in the annual cycle of concentrations of methane, carbon dioxide, non-methane hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide are determined. It is found that the maximum concentration of carbon monoxide at most sites with an elevated surface-air pollution level and over the city as a whole tends to occur in the summer season. The seasonal variability of the diurnal mean cycle of methane, carbon dioxide, and non-methane and aromatic hydrocarbons is analyzed.     

Turbulent Fluxes of the Dust Aerosol on the Desertified Area

Doklady Earth Sciences - Vertical turbulent dust aerosol fluxes are determined on the basis of measurements of fluctuations of the content of aerosol particles and the vertical component of the...