软盘额外磁道接缝加密系统

采用新颖实用的额外磁道接缝技术及一系列反动态、反静态跟踪技术,编制并实现了软磁盘加密程序Newlock,使得软磁盘加密变得更加可靠、方便.     

窄缝法在河口区悬沙输运数值计算中的应用

窄缝法作为动边界问题的一种处理方法，已被用于潮流及污染物扩散的数值模拟中，并取得了较好的效果，本文将窄缝法应用于悬沙输运数值计算中，推导出了考虑窄缝时的泥沙输运方程，建立了一种具有动边界功能的泥沙输运模型，计算结果与实测值吻合较好，表明该模型在模拟河口区悬沙输运方面是正确可行的。     

长江第一弯虎跳峡的贯通——来自于地表地貌和弹性挠曲的数值模拟分析

以往注入南海的古金沙江的袭夺及其相关的长江第一弯的形成不仅造成了南海一系列盆地内部充填物质的急剧变化,同时还记录了与南海北部边缘海扩张相关的构造活动机制的重大变革。尽管如此,由于缺乏直接证据,对于金沙江东流和长江第一弯形成的时间和机制还存在较大分歧。鉴于此,本研究通过TTLEM和LIFFE模型直接对虎跳峡的贯通和下切过程开展数值模拟分析。结果显示虎跳峡现今深切峡谷的形成是两阶段地表快速侵蚀的产物。而其初始的贯通应形成于中新世中期(~15 Ma)前后,和虎跳峡背斜的形成同期,与大理断裂系大规模走滑兼具逆冲运动直接相关。随后,进入第四纪(~2 Ma)以来,大理断裂系的构造活动由压扭转变为张扭性。虎跳峡由于地壳的弹性挠曲变形再次快速下切,剥蚀厚度达到~3 km,最终形成了现今的地貌样式。结合区域的其他研究结果,我们认为伴随着印度板块向欧亚板块之下持续的俯冲,青藏高原东南缘南东向的物质运移曾发生过一系列构造活动机制的重大转变,不仅引起了区域内断裂系统活动性质的转换,造成了大型水系的袭夺和重组,同时还与南海海盆的扩张和最终形成紧密关联。     

赣南葛廷坑钼矿辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

赣南葛廷坑钼矿为产在花岗斑岩与围岩内外接触带的中型斑岩型钼矿床。通过对矿区含矿石英脉中7个辉钼矿样品进行Re Os同位素测定,获得等时线年龄及模式年龄的加权平均值分别为(1594±16)和(1588±13) Ma。等时线初始187Os为(0001±0055)ng/g,MSWD=17。葛廷坑钼矿形成于中侏罗世中晚期,其成矿年龄对应于华南中晚侏罗世第二成矿阶段(170～150 Ma),与区域内160 Ma左右的钨锡矿成矿作用基本一致。区域上华南钼的成矿时间具有连续性,在165～90 Ma均有发生。     

The effect of cemented soil strength on the frictional capacity of precast concrete pile–cemented soil interface

Acta Geotechnica - The pre-bored grouted planted (PGP) pile is a composite pile consisting of a precast concrete pile and the cemented soil around the pile. Thus, the PGP pile shaft capacity is...     

Late Mesozoic‐Cenozoic exhumation history of the Lesser Hinggan Mountains,NE China,revealed by fission track thermochronology

This study uses zircon and apatite fission‐track (FT) analyses to reveal the exhumation history of the granitoid samples collected from the Lesser Hinggan Mountains, northeast China. A southeast to northwest transect across the Lesser Hinggan Mountains yielded zircon FT ages between 89.8 ± 5.7 and 100.4 ± 8.6 Ma, and apatite FT ages between 50.6 ± 13.8 and 74.3 ± 4.5 Ma with mean track lengths between 11.7 ± 2.0 and 12.8 ± 1.7 µm. FT results and modelling identify three stages in sample cooling history spanning the late Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras. Stage one records rapid cooling from the closure temperature of zircon FT to the high temperature part of the apatite FT partial annealing zone (∼210–110 °C) during ca. 95 to 65 Ma. Stage two records a period of relative slow cooling (∼110–60 °C) taking place between ca. 65 and 20 Ma, suggesting that the granitoids had been exhumed to the depth of ∼1−2 km. Final stage cooling (60–20 °C) occurred since the Miocene at an accelerated rate bringing the sampled rocks to the Earth's surface. The maximum exhumation is more than 5 km under a steady‐state geothermal gradient of 35 °C/km. Integrated with the tectonic setting, this exhumation is possibly led by the Pacific Plate subduction combined with intracontinental orogeny associated with asthenospheric upwelling. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

重大地史事件、节律及圈层耦合

文章讨论了岩石圈的联合古陆事件，生物圈的重要生物类别的出现、生物爆发事件和集群绝灭事件，水圈和大气圈的海平面变化事件和气候的变冷、变暖事件。联合古陆事件包括陆核型联合古陆（２５００Ｍａ）、初始原地台型联合古陆（１９００Ｍａ）、成熟原地台型联合古陆（１４５０Ｍａ）、地台型联合古陆（８５０Ｍａ）和大陆型联合古陆（２５０Ｍａ）事件；生物圈事件包括原核生物、真核生物、后生动物、带壳后生动物的出现事件，寒武纪生物大爆发事件，奥陶纪—志留纪之交（４３９Ｍａ）、晚泥盆世弗拉斯期—法门期之交（３６７Ｍａ）、二叠纪—三叠纪之交（２５０Ｍａ）、三叠纪—侏罗纪之交（２０８Ｍａ）、白垩纪—第三纪之交（６５Ｍａ）的生物集群绝灭事件，并从遗迹化石的角度，阐述了后生动物及其行为习性的起源和演化的新观点。水圈和大气圈事件包括晚震旦世、奥陶纪—志留纪之交、晚石炭世的自节律海平面变化事件，奥陶纪和白垩纪的他节律高海平面事件，震旦纪—寒武纪和二叠纪—三叠纪之交的耦合节律海平面变化事件，并以泥盆纪为例作了进一步阐述。这些事件是岩石圈、生物圈、水圈和大气圈发展、演化的重要里程碑。上述事件的重要特征是，在时间上的节律性和在成因上的圈层耦合效应。     

Driving force and changing trends of vegetation phenology in the Loess Plateau of China from 2000 to 2010

Changes in vegetation phenology are key indicators of the response of ecosystems to climate change. Therefore, knowledge of growing seasons is essential to predict ecosystem changes, especially for regions with a fragile ecosystem such as the Loess Plateau. In this study, based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data, we estimated and analyzed the vegetation phenology in the Loess Plateau from 2000 to 2010 for the beginning, length, and end of the growing season, measuring changes in trends and their relationship to climatic factors. The results show that for 54.84% of the vegetation, the trend was an advancement of the beginning of the growing season (BGS), while for 67.64% the trend was a delay in the end of the growing season (EGS). The length of the growing season (LGS) was extended for 66.28% of the vegetation in the plateau. While the temperature is important for the vegetation to begin the growing season in this region, warmer climate may lead to drought and can become a limiting factor for vegetation growth. We found that increased precipitation benefits the advancement of the BGS in this area. Areas with a delayed EGS indicated that the appropriate temperature and rainfall in autumn or winter enhanced photosynthesis and extended the growth process. A positive correlation with precipitation was found for 76.53% of the areas with an extended LGS, indicating that precipitation is one of the key factors in changes in the vegetation phenology in this water-limited region. Precipitation plays an important role in determining the phenological activities of the vegetation in arid and semiarid areas, such as the Loess Plateau. The extended growing season will significantly influence both the vegetation productivity and the carbon fixation capacity in this region.     

Effects of the 1997–1999 El Niño and La Niña events on zooplankton abundance and euphausiid community composition within the Monterey Bay coastal upwelling system

Zooplankton abundance and euphausiid community composition were sampled seasonally (spring, summer, fall) within Monterey Bay, California, between 1997 and 1999. Measurements of sea surface temperature (SST), mixed layer depth, and upwelling indices provided concurrent data on physical oceanographic parameters. Both total zooplankton and krill abundance dramatically declined in the summer of 1997 coincident with a rapid increase in SST and mixed layer depth. Changes in euphausiid community composition occurred in concert with the decline in overall abundance. The relative abundance of the southern neritic Nyctiphanes simplex increased from August to November in 1997, the abundance of cold temperate Euphausia pacifica decreased significantly, and that of the northern neritic Thysanoessa spinifera declined dramatically. The sudden appearance of an adult cohort of N. simplex in July 1997 suggests that rapid poleward flow characteristic of coastally trapped Kelvin waves occurred between June and July of 1997. The persistent presence of warm temperate and subtropical taxa in samples collected between August 1997 and October 1998 indicates that this poleward flow continued in 1998. Zooplankton abundance, euphausiid community composition, and physical oceanographic parameters gradually returned to a more typical upwelling-dominated state in the spring and summer of 1998. E. pacifica and T. spinifera abundances gradually increased during the summer and fall of 1998, while N. simplex abundance abruptly declined in the spring of 1998. However, this recovery was confined to a narrow coastal band as a result of the onshore movement of the oceanic waters of the California Current. This was reflected by higher than normal numbers of the oceanic Nematoscelis difficilis within samples collected during the spring and summer of 1998. By the spring and summer of 1999, both zooplankton and euphausiid abundance had increased to the highest levels recorded during the 3-year study. Both E. pacifica and T. spinifera abundance increased relative to 1998 while N. simplex was completely absent in all samples. These changes reflected the cooler, highly productive environmental conditions associated with the 1998/1999 La Niña.     

动力成矿作用在邓家山铅锌矿床中的表现

论述了邓家山铅锌矿床含矿硅质岩.即含矿层或矿源层的特证.矿区构造变形特证,滑断构造的存在,劈理的广泛发育,片内无根褶皱的出现.剪切褶皱和紧闭倒转背斜等和4期构造变形序列.从动力作用成矿观点和动力矿床形成的基本条件,来认识邓家山铅锌矿床地质特征和分析矿床形成机制,提出了邓家山铅锌矿床为层控型动力热液成因矿床的新认识.