黄河下游游荡段排沙比对水沙条件与断面形态的响应

提高黄河下游游荡段的输沙能力是河道治理的主要任务,而河道输沙效率（排沙比）受到来水来沙条件和河床边界条件的共同影响。本文基于1971—2016年花园口—高村河段（简称花高段）的实测水沙及地形资料,计算了花高段的平均河相系数及水沙条件（来沙系数和水流冲刷强度）,从汛期和场次洪水2个时间尺度,定量分析了排沙比与水沙条件及前一年汛后主槽形态之间的响应关系。分析结果表明：① 汛期和场次洪水排沙比与来沙系数呈负相关,与水流冲刷强度呈正相关,临界的汛期不淤来沙系数为0.012 kg?s/m ⁶,场次洪水排沙比与来沙系数及水量比的决定系数为0.76;② 游荡段排沙比与河相系数呈负相关,当河相系数大于15 /m ^0.5时,河段排沙比基本小于1;③ 以来沙系数与河相系数为自变量的汛期排沙比计算式的决定系数为0.82,计算精度较高,对于场次洪水排沙比而言,断面形态的影响权重大于来沙系数。这些排沙比计算公式能够反映游荡段的输沙特点,有助于定量掌握断面形态及水沙条件对河道输沙能力的影响。     

“一带一路”绿色贸易合作与竞争格局研究

绿色贸易是绿色“一带一路”建设的重要任务。通过选取UN Comtrade 2005—2017年中国与沿线64国APEC环境产品清单中54类环境产品贸易数据,运用产业内贸易指数和边际产业内贸易指数定量研究环境产品贸易竞合关系状况,分析之前格局,基于现有格局,完善未来布局,进而提高域内绿色贸易整体水平。研究发现：“一带一路”绿色贸易总体保持增长趋势,但发展水平、空间分布和进出口之间比较不平衡;进口产品结构相对集中,出口产品结构相对均衡;整体表现为产业间贸易和产业内贸易并存的特征,以合作格局为主,竞争格局为辅;“一带一路”倡议提出以来,绿色贸易增长从主要源于产业间贸易向产业内贸易转变。建议在东南亚地区开展错位合作,主要进行技术研发合作,重点布局新兴绿色产业;在其他地区开展整体合作,主要进行产业规划转移,分层次、分国家、分时段布局传统绿色产业,构建绿色产业生产网络;加快出台“一带一路”环境产品名录,提高绿色产品产业内贸易水平。     

Normalization algorithms of Hamiltonian near an equilibrium point

Algorithms of linear and nonlinear normalization of a Hamiltonian system near an equilibrium point are described. They were applied to determination of stability libration point in photogravitational restricted problem and to refinement of periodic orbits in the restricted three body problem.     

PPP/INS tightly coupled navigation using adaptive federated filter

GPS Solutions - Integration of the global positioning system (GPS) with inertial navigation system (INS) has been very intensively studied and widely applied in recent years. Conventional GPS/INS...     

浅地层剖面仪在海岸工程上的应用

现代海湾的迅速沉积其物源来自河流入海泥量的猛增。浅地层剖面仪以灵敏度和分辨率高，连续性好且能快速地探测不同沉积层的特征及其分布。在海湾工程中，无论是航道整治还是码头选址和施工勘探都可以应用浅地层剖面仪作为先头“侦察兵”而获得良好的结果。其优越性是节省投资、加快建设进度，又提高勘探质量，帮助设计和施工部门快捷地解决那些需要解决的而常规方法又难以完成的问题。     

Water lily (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Nymphaea</Emphasis> sp.): an alternative organic amendment for treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil by chemical–biological stabilization

The chemical–biological stabilization technology has been employed in several successful studies using sugarcane cachasse as the organic amendment. However, in some petroleum-producing areas, there are no sugar mills nearby (which is the source of this material), and the cost of transport to the contaminated site is prohibitive. Therefore, water lily, which is considered a weedy plant in many tropical and subtropical areas, was evaluated as an alternative. In 3-month experiment, water lily was compared (with and without addition of molasses) with cachasse for the treatment of clayey sediment contaminated with > 6% extra-heavy crude oil. All treatments resulted in a reduction in the hydrocarbon concentration of 15–23%, without significant differences (P > 0.05). During this process, the pH was reduced to the 7–7.5 range and water repellency (molarity ethanol drop) to 3.5–3.6 M. Also, field capacity increased to 36.3–38.5% humidity, establishing adequate conditions for the development of vegetation at this site. Likewise, toxicity was reduced to practically null (Vibrio fischeri bioassay), and hydrocarbons in leachates were reduced to 3.4–4.3 mg/l, conditions adequate for the protection of groundwater and human health in rural areas. This study confirms that water lily is an adequate substitute for the application of this treatment method for hydrocarbon-contaminated sites that are far from sugar production areas.     

Topographic and geologic controls on landslides induced by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake and its aftershocks: an example from the Trishuli Valley,central Nepal

The devastating Gorkha earthquake (M _w 7.8) on April 25, 2015 and its aftershocks triggered numerous landslides across the Lesser and Higher Himalayas of central Nepal. This study aims to characterize these landslides, based on the local topography and geology, and to develop data for landslide hazard zoning. This study focused on a mountainous catchment of the Trishuli River, where a digital elevation model was used to examine hilllslope and river profiles, aerial photos were used to identify 155 coherent landslides, and satellite images were used to map 912 earthquake-induced landslides. The topography of this area is mainly characterized by incised V-shaped inner gorges and steep (> 35°) SW-facing scarp slopes. Although most of the coherent landslides were not reactivated by the earthquakes, the Gogane landslide was affected by the earthquake and partly failed. A majority of the earthquake-induced landslides (91%) were new landslides, while the others were enlarged old landslides. The earthquake-induced landslides occurred mainly on the steep slopes of V-shaped inner gorges and scarp slopes, in gneiss and quartzite strata of the Lesser Himalayas, and they were primarily associated with fractured rock masses. This analysis provides a framework for zoning areas vulnerable to earthquake-induced landslides.     

一种高光谱图像的半监督分类方法

基于密度的抽样和动态时间扭曲距离,提出了一种半监督高光谱模糊聚类方法。该方法首先应用基于密度的方法对样本进行抽样,然后采用动态时间扭曲距离计算样本之间的相似度,最后利用半监督模糊C均值算法进行聚类。为了验证所提出方法的有效性,在广泛使用的Indian Pines数据集和PaviaU数据集上进行试验。结果表明,本文提出的方法能够取得理想的分类结果。     

Phenomenological fractional stress–dilatancy model for granular soil and soil-structure interface under monotonic and cyclic loads

The stress–dilatancy relation is of critical importance for constitutive modelling of geomaterial. A novel fractional-order stress–dilatancy equation had been developed for granular soil, where a nonlinear stress–dilatancy response was always predicted. However, it was experimentally observed that after a certain extent of shearing, an almost linear response between the stress ratio and the dilatancy ratio, rather than the nonlinear response, usually existed. To capture such stress–dilatancy behaviour, a new fractional stress–dilatancy model is developed in this study, where an apparent linear response of the stress–dilatancy behaviour of soil after sufficient shearing is obtained via analytical solution. As the fractional order varies, the derived stress–dilatancy curve and the associated phase transformation state stress ratio keep changing. But, unlike existing researches, no other specific parameters, except the parameter related to fractional order, concerning such shift are required. Then, the developed stress–dilatancy model is applied to constitutive modelling of granular soil and soil–structure interface, for further validation. A series of test results of different granular soils and soil–structure interfaces under different loading conditions are simulated and compared, where a good model performance is observed.

     

CDSN台站典型震例数字地震图库的建立

主要描述利用ＵＮＩＸ的ＳＨＥＬＬ组合命令实现数字地震图库的建立。图库按时间顺序排列,地震波形文件与数据库中相关的表（ＴＡＢＬＥ）分开存放,波形文件是以ＣＳＳ３．０格式存储的,符合ＡＲＳ的使用习惯。使用时用户只需更改数据库的名字,即可使用功能很强的ＡＲＳ分析软件,对数字地震图进行回放处理等操作