洪湖流域自然农耕条件下营养盐沉积输移演化模拟研究

选择洪湖流域为研究区域,应用分布式流域模型SWAT,从长期演化的角度出发,对流域营养盐输移演化进行模拟。模拟的边界条件设置为自然农耕背景,探讨百年尺度洪湖流域营养盐输移演变规律。对TN、TP的模拟分汛期与非汛期两个时间段,分别进行200年的模拟运算。模拟结果显示模型可以很好的体现流域营养盐沉积输移演变的基本特征。TN、TP浓度变化有明显的季节特征,随时间变化特征与沉积记录相一致。模拟结果的时间序列分析,TN、TP显示出不同的变化趋势。流域模型为百年时间尺度上流域营养盐沉积输移演化的自然趋势研究,提供了很好评价依据。     

胜利油田作业海域冰情特征及减灾对策

胜利油田作业海域因受陆地影响显著,水浅滩阔且盐度较低,加之地理位置相对偏北,每年冬季都会发生不同程度的海水结冰现象,给海上油气勘探开发生产和各类工程设施造成影响。利用国家海洋局北海预报中心2005—2016年冬季的各类冰情监测数据并结合部分已有研究成果,对胜利油田作业海域的冰情进行了综合分析,给出该海域的冰情基本特征;在分析海冰防灾减灾形势的基础上,按照我国海冰防灾减灾工作总体部署和要求并结合油田海上生产作业的实际需求,提出了具体的海冰减灾对策与建议。     

THE ISOPARAMETRIC JOINT ELEMENT AND ITS APPLICATIONS

In this paper one type of joint element –six –node isoparametric joint element for 2-D problem is introduced .The corresponding formulae used for finite element analysis has been derived and given here . Using the program written by us several examples of calculations and comparisons have been done .The results show that such a joint element model can eb used successfully to simulate the joints ,intercalations and structural planes in rock masses and can give a more accurate results than that of the joint element ordinary used .Especially it has the obvious advantages when using it for representing the nonflat joints and wave –like form weak intercalations. A sixteen –node isoparametric joint element model for 3-Dproblem and the corresponding formulate are also given in the paper .     

1996年岁末沪宁线持续五天大雾的原因探讨

1996年12月27-31日江苏境内发生了持续五天的大雾。本文普查了天气图,分析了产生雾的天气形势特征,并进行了一些物理量的计算,制作了时空分布和垂直剖面图,重点分析了它的形成和长时间维持的原因,对冬季辐射雾的预报有一定参考价值。     

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????????????????????????е?????????????????????????????????????????????α???????м??α???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Delaunay??????????????С?????????????λ????????????????????λ???????????????????????α???λ???н?????С???????????α?????????????С????????????????α??????????????????????????????α????仯?????????Ч??     

周期荷载下岩石大型三轴试件的变形和强度特性研究

本文介绍了作者在联邦德国卡尔斯鲁厄大学土岩力学研究所利用该所研制的大型三轴试验机进行周期荷载下大型三轴试验的情况和结果。岩石为薄层灰岩,试件直径为60cm,高为120cm。整个研究工作是基于分析不可逆变形的观点来探讨变形和强度特性的。在周期荷载作用下,不可逆变形的总量随着循环次数的增加而增长;但在不同的应力水平下,不可逆变形的发展趋势具有显著的,甚至是质的差异。应力水平很低时,最初几次的循环荷载将导致产生较大的不可逆变形;随着循环次数之增加,其不可逆变形的增长率逐步衰减,最终趋向于一个比较稳定的常值。但是当应力水平达到某一“门槛”值后,情景则迥然不同;循环次数之增加将促使不可逆变形的加速增长,最终导致整个试件的破坏。试验结果表明,这一特征应力值略低于常规三轴试验中的所谓“屈服值”。研究结果表明,每一个加荷-卸荷循环过程中的不可逆变形主要发生在超过这一“门槛”值后的区段内。研究这样的特征值对于探讨周期荷载作用下岩体的力学性质是十分重要的。由试验获得的不可逆变形与循环次数的关系曲线在形态上与流变曲线十分相似。     

宝鸡渭北冰雹时空分布规律

采用渭北40 a(1961—2000年)10个站的冰雹资料,结合实际调查,分析了宝鸡渭北降雹的时空地理分布及其移动路径。结果表明:宝鸡渭北地区降雹的年、月、日变化比较显著,降雹强度与地理环境密切相关,北部山区降雹多于渭河川原,冰雹移动路径与河谷走向基本一致。     

Common envelope evolution: where we stand and how we can move forward

This work aims to present our current best physical understanding of common-envelope evolution (CEE). We highlight areas of consensus and disagreement, and stress ideas which should point the way forward for progress in this important but long-standing and largely unconquered problem. Unusually for CEE-related work, we mostly try to avoid relying on results from population synthesis or observations, in order to avoid potentially being misled by previous misunderstandings. As far as possible we debate all the relevant issues starting from physics alone, all the way from the evolution of the binary system immediately before CEE begins to the processes which might occur just after the ejection of the envelope. In particular, we include extensive discussion about the energy sources and sinks operating in CEE, and hence examine the foundations of the standard energy formalism. Special attention is also given to comparing the results of hydrodynamic simulations from different groups and to discussing the potential effect of initial conditions on the differences in the outcomes. We compare current numerical techniques for the problem of CEE and also whether more appropriate tools could and should be produced (including new formulations of computational hydrodynamics, and attempts to include 3D processes within 1D codes). Finally we explore new ways to link CEE with observations. We compare previous simulations of CEE to the recent outburst from V1309 Sco, and discuss to what extent post-common-envelope binaries and nebulae can provide information, e.g. from binary eccentricities, which is not currently being fully exploited.     

High precision orbit determination of CHAMP satellite

IntroductionCHAMP satellite was launched on July 15 ,2000 to study the earth gravity field, magneticfield, and at mosphere/ionosphere . CHAMPmission is managed by GeoForshungsZentrum(GFZ) Potsdam withinternational partners .In-cluding accelerometer ,star …     

环境汞调查报告

通过测定某部大院内土壤、大气环境中汞的含量、赋存状态,并对所得数据进行处理分析研究,得出某部大院环境中汞的分布特点与存在形式,从而对该地区汞的环境容量及其分布可能对人体健康产生的影响和危害有了一个较准确的认识与评价。