挤扩支盘桩极限承载力的预测

用双曲线方法对110根挤扩支盘桩的极限承载力进行预测,并与直杆桩预测结果进行对比。结果表明由于支盘桩受力性状复杂,加载前期和中期预测精度较高,后期较低,误差超过15%;支盘桩的沉降曲线出现台阶时预测值与实测值误差较大;支盘桩极限承载力的预测精度与工程地质条件和桩本身的参数密切相关,桩身参数和地质条件相同条件下各桩预测精度比较接近。总体上直杆桩的预测结果优于支盘桩。     

Grassland productivity in an alpine environment in response to climate change

Situated in a climatically stressful environment, alpine grassland is sensitive to subtle climate changes in its productivity. We remedy the current deficiency in studying grassland productivity by taking the integrated effect of all relevant factors into consideration. The relative importance of temperature, rainfall and evaporation to the alpine grassland productivity in western China was determined through analysis of their relationship with the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) between 1981 and 2000. Climate warming stimulated grassland productivity in the 1980s, but hampered it in the 1990s. Temperature is more important than rainfall to grassland productivity early in the growing season. However, their relative importance is reversed late in the growing season. Monthly summer month rainfall modified by maximum monthly temperature is a good predictor of alpine grassland productivity at 62.0 per cent. However, the best predictor is water deficiency, which is able to improve the estimation accuracy to 78.3 per cent. Hence, the impact of temperature on grassland productivity is better studied indirectly through evaporation.     

Sedimentation rates in the Wanggang salt marshes, Jiangsu

1 IntroductionLand-ocean interaction in coastalzone is one of the key m atters of the International G eosphereand Biosphere Program (IG BP). The key problem s of the second phase in the next decadeinclude the m aterial cycle, the system evolution process …     

Karst database development in Minnesota: design and data assembly

The Karst Feature Database (KFD) of Minnesota is a relational GIS-based Database Management System (DBMS). Previous karst feature datasets used inconsistent attributes to describe karst features in different areas of Minnesota. Existing metadata were modified and standardized to represent a comprehensive metadata for all the karst features in Minnesota. Microsoft Access 2000 and ArcView 3.2 were used to develop this working database. Existing county and sub-county karst feature datasets have been assembled into the KFD, which is capable of visualizing and analyzing the entire data set. By November 17 2002, 11,682 karst features were stored in the KFD of Minnesota. Data tables are stored in a Microsoft Access 2000 DBMS and linked to corresponding ArcView applications. The current KFD of Minnesota has been moved from a Windows NT server to a Windows 2000 Citrix server accessible to researchers and planners through networked interfaces.     

河南嵩山地区新元古界何家窑组微亮晶脉特征、成因及地质意义探讨

在河南嵩山地区青白口系何家窑组中可识别出一个碳酸盐岩微亮晶脉集中的层位，笔者等结合微亮晶脉自身的特征、成分和伴生的地震引起的其他变形特征，以及通过显微镜和核磁共聚焦显微镜下的微相研究，认为嵩山地区板状微亮晶脉与华北块体东缘胶辽徐淮地区的泥晶脉特征一致，是由地震液化形成的产物，该层位代表了一个地震活跃期。同处华北块体南缘的豫西鲁山和陕西南部相对应的青白口系层位（洛峪口组和巡检司组）也发现了同期的地震记录。笔者认为嵩山地区微亮晶脉的出现应与华北块体南缘构造事件相关联。     

Characteristics of Late Permian Deep-Water Sedimentary Environments： A Case Study of Shaiwa Section, Ziyun County, Guizhou Province, Southwestern China

INTRODUCTIONThe Shaiwa Section is located in the town ofSidazhai, Ziyun County, Guizhou Province, south western China ( Fig. 1 ). This area belongs to theNanpanjiang basin of the Yangtze platform. A greatdeal of work purely on the subdivision of the stratahas been carried out in this region (Guizhou Bureauof Geology and Mineral Resources, 1987). However,studies on recoveries of the paleoenvironments of thisarea are rarely reported. Due to rifting and su…     

超低频电磁声源非线性动力学建模与分析

电磁声源输出力大、体积小、易于实现超低频输出,在无人反水雷作战中具有显著优势。其动力学行为受到机械回复力和电磁力的耦合作用影响,当施加电流超过坍塌电流,电磁力将超过机械回复力, 就会发生吸和,造成声源的损坏。为准确描述电磁声源非线性动力学特性,预先评估坍塌电流,建立考虑动态漏磁系数的声源非线性动力学模型。通过三维有限元仿真计算动铁芯运动到不同位置处气隙的漏磁系数, 拟合得到动态漏磁系数。根据等效磁路法建立声源的改进电磁力模型,进而建立电磁声源非线性动力学模型。 通过 Runge-Kutta 算法计算得到阶跃激励下声源振动的位移和速度,绘制相平面图。研究稳定与失稳 2 种情况下的相轨迹的动态变化规律,为电磁声源的设计和控制提供理论支撑。     

Geochemical modeling,fate distribution,and risk exposure of potentially toxic metals in the surface sediment of the Shyok suture zone,northern Pakistan

The objective of the current study was to assess the contamination of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in weathered surface sediment, along stream tributaries, and surrounding area of the river Chitral, Shyok suture zone district Chitral, Pakistan. To understand the geochemical features of 113 sediment, samples were collected from the Mirkhani and Drosh area. Then, different statistical tools including the geo-accumulation index (Igeo), cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), and ecological risk assessment (ERA) were used to unravel the origin, intensity, and exposure level of PTMs to control risk and restore the ecosystem within the study area. The results for the PTMs namely nickle (Ni), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), and cobalt (Co) in Mirkhani and Drosh were in the following ranges: 10–150, 15–210, 15–250, 0.08–1.00, 10–70, 76–240 and 14–51; and 13–240, 17–210, 15–150, 0.08–0.60, 7–140, 47–150 and 13–36 mg/kg, respectively. In consequence, the potential ecological risk caused by Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, and Zn is reflected by the percentages of samples with an ecological risk index (ERI) greater than one which were 100%, 91%, 100%, 100%, 92%, and 100%, respectively. However, the overall mean decreasing order of ecological risk of PTMs in the district Chitral was Pb > Ni > Cu > Co > Cr > Zn > Cd. Moreover, the PCA yielded 78% variability which indicated that mineral prospects play an important role in the contamination of sediment. Furthermore, the mineral phases of Pb and Zn suggested supersaturation, while that for Cd revealed unsaturation. The results of Igeo, ERI, and CA indicated contamination of PTMs in the study area. The ERI value of Pb, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, and Zn was higher than 1 suggesting an ecological risk in the study area. Moreover, the current study showed the dominance of geogenic contamination with major contributions from ultramafic rock and known mineral prospects. Therefore, contaminated sediment of the Shyok suture zone is extremely detrimental to the aquatic ecosystem of the study area.     

上高县紫皮大蒜种植气候适宜性区划

基于紫皮大蒜生长周期和当地农业气象条件,得到上高县紫皮大蒜气候适宜性指标：10—11月的最低气温、10月至次年4月的平均气温和平均降水量以及2—4月的累计日照时数。利用1970—2020年宜春市和新余市辖区内共12个地面观测站的气象资料,采用GIS建立上高县紫皮大蒜种植区划因子地理空间分析模型。依据分区等级指标,将上高县划分为最适宜、一般适宜和不适宜3个紫皮大蒜气候种植区。     

胶东半岛不同构造单元深部热流分流聚热模式

中生代、新生代时期地壳剧烈运动将胶东半岛划分为胶北隆起、胶莱凹陷、胶南-威海隆起三大构造单元,其中隆起山地区广泛分布花岗岩、变质岩,凹陷盆地区主要分布砂岩沉积地层,胶北隆起区与威海隆起区相对于胶莱凹陷盆地区具有更高的大地热流值.为系统分析胶东半岛大地热流值分布特征及其形成机理,本文在分析胶东半岛构造-热发展史、地热地质...