云南会泽大黑山铝土矿地球化学特征及其物源分析

大黑山铝土矿赋存于上二叠统宣威组底部,下伏地层为峨眉山玄武岩。矿石结构主要以泥晶结构为主,具有少量鲕状、粒屑结构。矿石构造以致密块状构造为主,局部呈层状、似层状。铝土矿石中Al2O3与Fe2O3、Si O2呈现较好的负相关关系,Ti O2与Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta相关性较好,Zr-Hf、Nb-Ta的相关性拟合度很高。铝土矿与峨眉山玄武岩样品具有相似的稀土元素配分模式。综合稳定元素相关性、微量元素及稀土元素标准化图解、lg Ni和lg Cr二元图解等分析方法对大黑山铝土矿的成矿物质来源进行探讨,研究结果表明铝土矿的成矿物质来源主要来自峨眉山玄武岩。     

基于FLUENT的内孤立波质量源造波方法

为研究内孤立波质量源数值造波方法,本文采用两个点源形式的质量源,分别放置于两层流体的上下层中作为内孤立波激发源。推导源项表达式,从不可压缩流体的Navier-Stokes方程出发,结合内孤立波Kd V、e Kd V理论,基于商业软件FLUENT发展了一种内孤立波质量源数值造波方法。通过数值模拟,分析了质量源造波过程中内孤立波的生成过程,并将数值模拟结果同理论及实验作对比。结果表明:基于此方法生成的内孤立波波形、波高及波致水平速度与理论及实验吻合度较好,该方法是可行的,并且耗时短、效率高。     

Features and evaluation of sea/saltwater intrusion in southern Laizhou Bay

Understanding the degree of sea/saltwater intrusion in coastal regions is of great significance to treating the intrusion and improving the environment. Based on the character analysis of the sea/saltwater intrusion, five factors were selected in the fuzzy-synthetical evaluation approach to form the index system, so as to evaluate the degree of sea/saltwater intrusion in southern Laizhou Bay. The results show that the sea/saltwater intrusion is stronger in the middle and northern areas and weaker on the sides and in southern area; currently, the intrusion is relatively serious, and the intrusion area has covered about 68.2% of the areas under study, among which the heavily intruded area is over 50%. Based on the factors analysis of the occurrence and development of sea/saltwater intrusion, the thesis proposes treatment measures.     

Research of in-situ hydraulic test method by using double packer equipment

Double packer equipment for hydraulic test can be used to measure pressure of test zone directly, and it is frequently used to perform many kinds of hydraulic tests and take groundwater sample from borehole. The test method of this equipment mainly includes the test design, implementation, interpretation and synthetic analysis. By adopting the double packer equipment for hydraulic test, the parameter distribution of rock permeability along borehole can be acquired, as well as the connectivity, water conductivity and water bearing capacity of the disclosed structure and the chemical characteristics of the deep groundwater. It is a necessary method for the research and evaluation of the complex hypotonicity terrace site selection under geological conditions. This method is not only suitable for the geological disposal of high level radioactive waste, but also can be used in the site selection of underground facilities such as storage of petroleum and carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, it has a good application prospect in other hydrogeological investigation fields.     

褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)受精卵以及仔鱼期氨基酸与脂肪酸变化研究

为研究褐菖鲉(Sebastiscus marmoratus)发育早期氨基酸和脂肪酸的组成及变化规律,采用GC/MS法等方法分析了褐菖鲉的受精卵、初产仔鱼、前仔鱼期和后仔鱼期四个阶段的氨基酸和脂肪酸组成特点及其含量变化。结果表明:(1)总氨基酸含量从受精卵至初产仔鱼显著下降、前仔鱼期又显著回升、至后仔鱼期再次呈显著下降(P0.05);(2)总游离氨基酸量以初产仔鱼最高,是受精卵的10倍,各期的游离氨基酸占总氨基酸比值为1.4%—20.0%;(3)受精卵中以DHA、C16:0两者实际含量最高,分别为104.88 mg/g和68.74 mg/g,C18:1n-9和EPA次之,分别为41.23 mg/g和27.23 mg/g;(4)褐菖鲉内源性营养阶段被选择性消耗的主要脂肪酸依次为C16:0C18:1EPADHAARA,就脂肪酸的利用率而言MUFASFAPUFA;(5)褐菖鲉仔鱼在开口后的外源营养阶段对脂肪酸的利用率为PUFASFAMUFA,其中DHA相对EPA和ARA被选择性消耗。研究表明,褐菖鲉受精卵的游离氨基酸/总氨基酸比值符合海水鱼类沉性卵的特征,褐菖鲉在早期发育不同阶段对脂肪酸消耗具有不同的选择性,C16:1、C16:0、C18:0和C18:1是褐菖鲉早期发育的主要能源物质,在褐菖鲉开口饵料中添加一定水平的异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸等氨基酸及高度不饱和脂肪酸DHA等是十分必要的。     

渤海海洋环境状况及保护建议

文章分析渤海区域自然和社会经济概况,提出渤海海洋生态环境存在的问题和主要影响因素;为保障渤海海洋生态环境的可持续发展,提出实施最严格的海洋环境保护、严格控制陆源污染、集约节约利用海洋资源、实施生态环境保护修复、强化统筹协调和监督考核等保护建议。     

黄海浒苔绿潮防控对策研究

绿潮是一种全球性海洋生态灾害,在法国、美国、日本等均有发生。文章综述我国黄海浒苔绿潮发生情况,呈规模大、持续时间长、危害大等特点,已威胁渔业、养殖业和旅游业的发展,对沿海经济社会造成不利影响;提出成立联防联控工作组、建立区域联防联控机制、加大科技支撑与保障力度、健全多元投入机制和加强公众宣传教育等浒苔绿潮防控措施。     

基于二元Gumbel-Logistic模型的石岛湾海区异常水位研究

本文利用石岛湾海洋站实测的连续20年的波高和风暴潮增水的数据资料,计算取得异常水位资料,以二元Gumbel-Logsitic分布模型为基础,考虑波高和增水的相关性,运用联合概率法,推算石岛地区多年一遇设计异常水位组合,并与均取极值方法的结果作对比。结果显示,石岛地区应采用以波高为主的同时性资料为主要分析资料,本文的方法更加接近实际情况,使用方便,结果可靠。     

淤泥质潮滩地貌演变中的水动力及生物过程研究进展

淤泥质潮滩对于海岸防护、增加土地资源、保持生物多样性等具有重要作用。从淤泥质潮滩演变的主要驱动因子——潮流、波浪、生物作用及地下过程四个方面回顾和总结了潮滩演变动力地貌过程的相关研究进展,提出应关注潮滩短期演变规律、波浪与浮泥作用机理、生物生长与潮滩演变定量关系,以及地下过程作用机理等。     

Discussion on applying an analytical method to optimize the anti-freeze design parameters for underground water pipelines in seasonally frozen areas

Adopting the quasi-three-dimensional (Quasi-3D) numerical method to optimize the anti-freeze design parameters of an underground pipeline usually involves heavy numerical calculations. Here, the fitting formulae between the safe conveyance distance (SCD) of a water pipeline and six influencing factors are established based on the lowest water temperature (LWT) along the pipeline axis direction. With reference to the current widely used anti-freeze design approaches for underground pipelines in seasonally frozen areas, this paper first analyzes the feasibility of applying the maximum frozen penetration (MFP) instead of the mean annual ground surface temperature (MAGST) and soil water content (SWC) to calculate the SCD. The results show that the SCD depends on the buried depth if the MFP is fixed and the variation of the MAGST and SWC combination does not significantly change the SCD. A comprehensive formula for the SCD is established based on the relationships between the SCD and several primary influencing factors and the interaction among them. This formula involves five easy-to-access parameters: the MFP, buried depth, pipeline diameter, flow velocity, and inlet water temperature. A comparison between the analytical method and the numerical results based on the Quasi-3D method indicates that the two methods are in good agreement overall. The analytic method can be used to optimize the anti-freeze design parameters of underground water pipelines in seasonally frozen areas under the condition of a 1.5 safety coefficient.