捷联式海洋重力数据的小波阈值滤波

基于捷联式海洋重力测量数据,对比不同小波、阈值及施加方式对滤波效果的影响。结果表明,db6、db7、db8、db9、db10、sym6、sym7、sym8、sym9、sym10、coif3、coif4和coif5小波较适用于海洋重力测量,小波分解层次可取至8层或9层,采用史坦无偏风险阈值滤波效果较好;小波分解至第8、9层时,阈值滤波结果与截止频率为0.005 Hz和0.003 3 Hz的Butterworth低通滤波器的滤波结果吻合较好,但小波阈值滤波结果更加平滑,两者差值的RMSE在0.25 mGal以内,且小波阈值滤波更容易分解出噪声成分,可以更有效地消除重力畸变。     

Isolation and characterization of 49 polymorphic microsatellite loci for Decapterus maruadsi using SLAF-seq,and cross-amplification to related species

Decapterus maruadsi is a commercially important species in China, but has been heavily exploited in some areas. There is a growing need to develop microsatellites promoting its genetic research for the adequate management of this fishery resources. The recently developed specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) is an efficient and high-resolution method for genome-wide microsatellite markers discovery. In this study, 28 905 microsatellites (mono- to hexa-nucleotide repeats) were identified using SLAF-seq technology, of which di-nucleotide was the most frequent (13 590, 47.02%), followed by mono-nucleotide (8 138, 28.15%), tri-nucleotide (5 727, 19.81%), tetra-nucleotide (1 104, 3.82%), pentanucleotide (234, 0.81%), and hexa-nucleotide (112, 0.39%). One hundred and thirty-two microsatellite loci (di- and tri-nucleotide) were randomly selected for amplification and polymorphism, of which 49 were highly polymorphic and well-resolved. The average number of alleles per locus was 13.63, ranging from 4 to 25, and allele sizes varied between 110 bp and 309 bp. The observed heterozygosity ( H_o ) and expected heterozygosity ( H_e ) ranged from 0.233 to 1.000 and from 0.374 to 0.959, with mean values of 0.738 and 0.836, respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.341 to 0.941 (mean=0.806). However, 12 loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Furthermore, transferability tests were also successful in validating the utility of the developed markers in five phylogenetically related species of family Carangidae. A total of 48 microsatellite markers were successfully cross-amplified in Decapterus macarellus, Decapterus macrosoma, Decapterus kurroides, Trachurus japonicus, and Selaroides leptolepis. The present microsatellites provided the first known set of microsatellite DNA markers for D. maruadsi, D. macarellus, D. kurroides, and D. macrosoma, and would be useful for further population genetic and molecular phylogeny studies as well as help with the fisheries management formulation and implementation of the understudied species.

     

柳珊瑚Leptogorgia rigida中甾体类成分研究

首次对南海柳珊瑚Leptogorgia rigida中甾体类次生代谢产物进行研究。采用硅胶柱柱层析、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶填料、Sephadex LH-20、高效液相色谱(HPLC)及薄层色谱(TLC)等多种方法进行分离纯化, 通过核磁共振波谱(NMR)、质谱(MS)等现代波谱分析及物理常数对照等方法进行结构鉴定。从南海柳珊瑚Leptogorgia rigida次生代谢产物中分离得到8个甾类化合物, 结构依次为: 3β, 6β, 11-trihydroxy-9, 11-seco-5α-chloest-7-en-9-one (1); 3β, 6α, 11- trihydroxy-9, 11-seco-5α-chloest-7-en-9-one (2); 3β, 6α, 11-trihydroxy-5α-chloest-7, 22(E)-dien-9-one (3); pregnan-4-en-3, 20-dione (4); 5α-pregnan-3, 20-dione (5); 3β-hydroxy-pregnan-5-en-20-dion (6); 3β-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one (7); 和3β, 6α, 11-trihydroxy-9, 11-seco-5α-gorgosterol (8)。所有化合物均首次从Leptogorgia属中得到。     

灵武市体育中心沉降监测分析

根据相关规范,对灵武市体育中心建设过程进行沉降监测,通过监测结果得到沉降量和沉降速率随时间的变化趋势并进行预测分析,得到该建筑物的沉降变形规律,用于了解工程安全情况。     

陕西省旬阳县甘沟铅锌矿地质特征及成因

通过对甘沟铅锌矿的地质矿产勘查,已初步查明区内铅锌矿含矿层位为下志留统梅子垭组,圈定了4条铅锌矿体,已获铅锌矿资源量9.78×104 t.该含矿层矿体单个长180～580 m,平均厚度1.22～1.79 m,平均锌品位5.42%～8.37%,平均铅品位1.93%～11.04%.认为该矿床成因属沉积变形变质热液改造型矿床.     

强壮前沟藻(Amphidinium carterae Hulburt)毒素的溶血活性研究

以实验室单种培养的强壮前沟藻为对象,研究了强壮前沟藻毒素的来源,分析了藻毒素浓度与溶血活性的相关性,研究了理化因子对藻毒素溶血活性的影响。结果表明,溶血活性随着强壮前沟藻细胞的增殖呈上升的趋势,细胞内容物和细胞碎片的溶血活性显著高于去藻过滤液,强壮前沟藻毒素主要来源于衰亡期的细胞内容物和细胞碎片,并存在浓度相关的溶血性。强壮前沟藻毒素的溶血活性不存在光敏感性。随着pH的上升,毒素溶血活性呈降低趋势。Ca2+、Mn2+、Cu2+抑制了强壮前沟藻毒素溶血活性,而Co2+、Zn2+显著的增强了溶血活性,Mg2+对其溶血活性的影响不显著。EDTA对强壮前沟藻毒素的溶血活性有显著的促进作用。     

深基坑开挖与支护的有限元模拟

采用弹塑性有限单元法对超大基坑的开挖与支护进行数值模拟,据此分析土体的位移、主应力分布、施工过程中支护结构受力,并比较基坑顶部水平位移的计算值与实测值,两者非常接近,计算结果较为理想,可为工程设计和现场施工提供理论参考和指导.     

多相位水平集高分辨率遥感影像非监督分类

高空间分辨率遥感影像(特别是城区场景)常表现出高的光谱异质性、地物细节丰富且地物拓扑关系复杂等特点,这对影像分类产生较大干扰,导致分类精度不高。针对以上情况提出一种新的非监督多相位水平集分类方法:该方法以基于区域竞争思想及Bayes准则的多相位水平集分类框架作为高分辨率遥感影像分类的基础,通过采用Parzen窗非参数密度估计方法来改善复杂场景下样本概率密度估计的准确性,从而增加分类模型的抗干扰能力;此外,为提高多水平集模型演化效率,在模型求解中提出一种简单而有效的水平集函数重初始化方案。通过与前人工作的试验对比及分析,验证了提出的模型在复杂场景及存在上述干扰的情况下表现出好的分类效果。     

PDA与各种全站仪串口通信的稳定实现

PDA和全站仪的串口通信是用PDA控制全站仪进行测量外业数据采集系统的重要组成部分。文中实现以Windows Mobile 5.0为操作系统的PDA和绝大多数品牌全站仪串口的高稳定性通信,能进行水平角、竖直角和距离的分离或组合测量,给出具体的VC＋＋代码,对所涉及的关键技术和要点进行详细论述。对于用PDA控制全站仪进行测量外业数据采集系统的研究与开发具有实用意义。