经纬仪/全站仪自准直方法

为了克服传统自准直方法的缺陷,提出了两种新的自准直方法,即外觇标自准直法和基于智能全站仪的自动自准直法.外觇标自准直法不需要安装自准直灯,任何一台经纬仪或全站仪均可采用该法实现自准直功能,且不需要进行大范围调焦,减弱了调焦误差,能提高自准直测量精度.基于智能全站仪的自动自准直法,可以利用仪器的自动目标搜索功能,自动实现自准直,不仅克服了传统方法的缺陷,还省去了自准直测量中的人工精确照准,提高准直测量效率.经过理论推导及实验验证,所提出的两种方法正确可靠、操作筒单,且自准直测量的速度快、精度高.     

威海市天鹅湖海洋牧场底层海水溶解氧浓度时间变化特征

依据威海市天鹅湖海洋牧场2016年7—10月海洋生态环境海底有缆在线观测系统的长期连续观测数据,研究了该牧场底层海水溶解氧浓度的时间变化特征,并探讨了其可能的影响因素。结果表明:观测期间海水溶解氧浓度平均值为6.65mg/L,呈先下降后上升的变化趋势,月平均值最小为6.36mg/L,出现在9月。溶解氧月浓度标准差呈先减小后增大的变化趋势,而溶解氧日浓度标准差总体变化趋势与月浓度标准差相反。底层海水基本上处于不饱和状态,月均溶解氧消耗量在观测期间逐月增大。海水温度是影响溶解氧浓度变化的主要因素。7月1日至8月24日期间,牧场海域存在季节性温跃层。7月1日至17日与8月11日至24日期间,溶解氧浓度下降可能受季节性温跃层和海水温度上升的共同影响;7月18日至8月1日期间,溶解氧浓度变化不受季节性温跃层控制。大风过程会增强表、底层海水交换,使溶解氧浓度上升。月均溶解氧浓度日变化均表现出双峰双谷的特征,与月均水深日变化对比, 7—8月0—13时无显著正相关性, 7—8月1—23时及9—10月相位变化基本一致,涨潮时海水溶解氧浓度升高,而落潮时降低,说明研究区域外海水溶解氧浓度很可能高于近岸,而潮流输运过程使得近岸海水溶解氧浓度随潮汐过程变化。     

环渤海地区沿海城市的生态效率

环渤海地区是我国最具综合优势和发展潜力的经济增长极之一。为促进环渤海地区的生态文明建设和经济可持续发展,文章采用三阶段DEA模型、Malmquist指数和空间自相关分析法,基于2006—2015年环渤海地区17个沿海城市的面板数据,动静态结合分析其生态效率和空间关联特征。研究结果表明:通过引入环境变量和运用相似SFA模型,剔除外部环境和随机误差的影响,可更加准确地测算区域生态效率;各城市的生态效率均有所提高,主要原因是技术进步;区域生态效率同时存在空间的相关性和差异性,空间格局处于动态变化中。     

Study on the crust-mantle structure in the central and southern parts of Shanxi

Another comparative interpretation was conducted with respect to the data from 5 DSS profiles in the central and southern parts of Shanxi, leading to the conclusion that in Linxian, Linfen and Xingtai earthquake regions, through which the five profiles pass, there exist anomalous crust-mantle structure and abyssal crustal faults extending to Moho, all being regarded as the deep indications for earthquake occurrence.     

渤海南部海区风浪推算与分析

根据文氏建立的风与浪理论关系及其由风推算风浪的计算方法,利用马山子气象站３３ａ的大风资料,推算出黄河口近海水域波浪要求,并与中科院尜所实测波浪数值和青岛海洋大学推算的多一遇波浪数值进行了比较,其结果是十分相近的。     

FIRST REPORT OF BERO ZECO ACTIVE FAULT IN GÊRZÊ, NORTHERN TIBET

In the interior of the Tibetan Plateau, the active tectonics are primarily marked by conjugate strike slip faults and north-trending rifts, which represent the E-W extension since late Cenozoic of the plateau. The conjugate faults are mainly composed of NE-trending left-lateral strike-slip faults in Qiangtang terrane and NW-trending right-lateral strike-slip faults in Lhasa terrane. While, the rifts mainly strike N, NNW and NNE within southern Tibet. However, it is still a debate on the deformational style and specific adjustment mechanism of E-W extension. One of key reasons causing this debate is the lack of detailed investigation of these active faults, especially within the northwestern plateau. Recently, we found a 20km long, NNW-trending active fault at Bero Zeco in northwestern Tibet. This fault is presented as fault sag ponds, channel offsets and fault scarps. Displacement of channels and geomorphic features suggested that the Bero Zeco Fault(BZF)is a dextral strike-slip fault with a small amount of normal slip component, which may result from the E-W extensional deformation in the interior of Tibet. BZF strikes N330°~340°W, as shown on the satellite image. The main Quaternary strata in the studied area are two stages alluvial fans around the Bero Zeco. From the satellite images, the old alluvial fans were cut by the lake shoreline leaving many of lake terraces. And the young fans cut across the lake terraces and the old fans. By contrasting to the "Paleo-Qiangtang Huge Lake" since late Quaternary, these old alluvial fans could be late Pleistocene with age ranging from 40ka to 50ka. And the young fans could be Holocene. The sag ponds along the BZF are distributed in the late Pleistocene alluvial fans. Also, the BZF displaced the late Pleistocene fans without traces within Holocene fans, suggesting that the BZF is a late Pleistocene active fault. The fault scarps are gentler with the slope angle of around 10° and the vertical offset is about 2m by field measurement. Reconstruction of the offset of channels suggested that the accumulated dextral offset could be about 44m on the late Pleistocene alluvial fans. Therefore, we infer that the dextral slip-rate could be around 1mm/a showing a low-rate deformation characteristic. The angle between the strike of BZF and principal compressive stress axis(σ₁)is around 30°, which is significantly different to the other faults within the conjugate strike-slip fault zones that is 60°~75°. Now, the deformation mechanisms on these conjugate faults are mainly proposed in the studies of obtuse angle between the faults and σ₁, which is likely not applicable for the BZF. We infer that the BZF could be the northward prolongation of the north-trending rifts based on the geometry. This difference suggests that the conjugate strike-slip faults may be formed by two different groups:one is obtuse angle, which is related to block extrusion or shear zones in Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes possibly; the other is acute angle, which may represent the characteristics of new-born fractures. And more studies are needed on their deformation mechanisms.     

多维地震激励下考虑构件滞回性能的输电塔倒塌分析

本文基于角钢新型非线性材料本构模型对多维地震激励下输电塔倒塌破坏进行模拟研究。基于ABAQUS中RIKS算法得到不同长细比角钢的屈曲承载力,并通过承载力试验验证有限元分析结果。基于角钢滞回性能试验结果,采用Fortran语言编制角钢新型非线性材料本构模型,并与试验结果对比。建立输电塔三维有限元模型,采用动力显式分析方法,对多维地震激励下输电塔倒塌进行模拟,总结输电塔的极限承载力、杆件屈曲情况和倒塌位置。研究结果可为多维地震激励下输电塔抗倒塌设计提供参考。     

东营市土地执法监察工作形势及应对措施分析

近年来,随着各项基础设施的不断配套完善,地处黄河三角洲的东营市越来越成为国内外客商争相投资的热点,正确分析国土资源执法监察面临的形势、搞好土地执法监察工作,维护正常的土地市场秩序,对于促进东营市经济和社会各项事业的健康发展,有着极其深远的意义。     

一条断裂的活动性鉴定及其工程意义

拟建的某水利工程场地存在一规模较大的北北东向断裂,定名为F1断裂.通过对F1断裂的地质雷达探测、工程地质资料分析、地震地质调查、断裂断错和上覆第四纪地层年代测试等工作,鉴定了此断裂的活动性,评价了断裂对工程的影响,提出了工程选址和设计建议,为断裂活动性鉴定在工程选址和设计中的实际应用提供了一个范例.