Multi-trial biomarker approach in Meganyctiphanes norvegica: a potential early indicator of health status of the Mediterranean "whale sanctuary."

The aim of this study was to propose a suite of biomarkers (BPMO activity, NADPH-cytocrome c reductase, NADH-ferricyanide reductase. esterases, porphyrins, vitellogenin and zona radiata proteins) and residue levels (organochlorines, PAHs and heavy metals) in the zooplanktonic euphausiid Meganyctiphanes norvegica as a potential multi-disciplinary diagnostic tool for assessment of the health status of the Mediterranean "whale sanctuary". Very little difference in BPMO was detected between sites, with values ranging from 0.75 to 2.68 U.A.F./mg prot/h. On the other hand larger differences between sites were found for reductase activities. Esterases (AChE), porphyrins (Copro-, Uro-, Proto-porphyrins) vitellogenin and zona radiata proteins were also detectable in this zooplanctonic species. Hg showed mean levels of 0.141 ppm d.w., Cd 0.119 ppm d.w. and Pb 0.496 ppm d.w. Total PAHs ranged from 860.7 to 5,037.9 ng/g d.w., carcinogenic PAHs from 40.3 to 141.7 ng/g d.w., HCB from 3.5 to 11.6 ng/g d.w., DDTs from 45.3 to 163.2 ng/g d.w. and the PCBs from 84.6 to 210.2 ng/g d.w.     

Evaluation of ecotoxicological effects of endocrine disrupters during a four-year survey of the Mediterranean population of swordfish (Xiphias gladius)

In this project we investigated the ecotoxicological effects of endocrine disrupters in a four-year survey of the Mediterranean population of swordfish (Xiphias gladius). In the Mediterranean environment, top predators, such as swordfish, accumulate high concentrations of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs) and toxic metals, potentially incurring high toxicological risk. The effects of organochlorines and trace elements (Hg, Cd and Pb) in 192 swordfish specimens, caught in the Strait of Messina, Sicily, Italy, were investigated using vitellogenin (Vtg), zona radiata proteins (Zrp) and CYP1A (BPMO, EROD) activities. Vtg and Zrp were found to be dramatically induced in some adult male specimens, suggesting that this species is highly exposed to estrogens in the Mediterranean Sea. A role of organochlorines in this induction phenomenon is suggested by the statistically significant correlations between Zrp in plasma and PCB concentrations in muscle (p<0.032) and Vtg in plasma and PCB concentrations in liver (p<0.034) of male specimens. Levels of trace elements in liver were in the following ranges: Hg 1-22, Cd 1-28 and Pb 0-1.6 ppm d.w. These data indicate potential reproductive alterations in large pelagic fish and suggest the need for continuous monitoring to avoid reductions in the population of this fish species of high commercial and ecological interest.     

海平面相对变化和气候变化之间的关系——以美国西部宾夕法尼亚—二叠纪碳酸盐—硅质碎屑岩混合岩层为例

海平面相对变化和气候变化之间的关系——以美国西部宾夕法尼亚—二叠纪碳酸盐—硅质碎屑岩混合岩层为例ＥｕｇｅｎｅＣ．Ｒａｎｋｅｙ为了使海平面相对变化和气候变化模式广泛采用，下面几个条件必须满足：第一，海平面升降变化必须与气候变化同步；第二，地形或沉积对气...     

近海平台管状构件修理工程设计

破坏结构的修理工程设计必须考虑到使该装置继续具有安全性。在设计修理工程之前,必须首先彻底搞清破坏构件在结构中的作用。修理工程设计必须确保在修理过程中结构的其它任何部分不会产生问题。文章着重阐明了保持最新结构模型的重要性。     

1996年大陆钻探进展

１９９６年大陆钻探进展ＧｒａｎｔＨｅｉｋｅｎ等地球物理调查和大洋钻探主导了２０世纪下半叶的固体地球科学革命。一项针对大陆研究的钻探计划已经确定下来。１９７４年的ＧｈｏｓｔＲａｎｃｈ研讨会为确定这项科学钻探计划进行了有益的探讨。过去２０年的研究对象是地...     

基隆凹陷油气资源潜力

概述了基隆凹陷的地质、含油气概况，并与勘探程度较高的西湖凹陷作了对比，指出基隆凹陷两侧斜坡、台北构造带、安平斜坡及东侧的断阶带为有利的勘探区。     

Effect of an exotic prey on the feeding pattern of a predatory snail

The mussel Brachidontes pharaonis, which invaded the Mediterranean from the Red Sea about 120 years ago, has recently become abundant in many midlittoral and some infralittoral rocky habitats along the Israeli rocky shore. We investigated the influence of B. pharaonis, as a novel prey, on the foraging patterns of the large whelk Stramonita haemastoma in the field, and examined food preferences in the laboratory. S. haemastoma has shifted from indigenous species to feeding on the novel mussel when abundant. The whelk prefers to prey upon the invasive mussel over all indigenous species offered (e.g. barnacles and mussels), probably due to its larger size. In the midlittoral zone, the foraging activity of S. haemastoma is considerably low even where refuges are readily available (incisioned-rocks) and food density is high (mainly B. pharaonis). Higher proportions of whelks are actively foraging in the infralittoral zone but usually on smaller prey, mostly barnacles. We suggest that this differential foraging activity in the two zones is related to the degree of exposure to wave action. The midlittoral is inherently more exposed to wave action than the infralittoral, where sea conditions are more benign and the whelks may enjoy longer activity periods.     

莫比尔公司打算在马来西亚深水海域进行油气勘探

莫比尔公司与马来西亚国营石油公司（Petronas)已签订在沙捞越附近的南中国海进行油气勘探的产量分成合同．