越南的油气勘探、开发及生产

越南的油气勘探、开发及生产越南近海盆地油气开发活动频繁。该国唯一的油田是白虎油田。少量的气产于陆上的前海。白虎和龙油田勘探活跃；大熊油田１９９４年准备投产。七个勘探井已完钻，获得一定成效。勘探１９９３年底有２５项承包合同在实施。据ＷｏｏｄＭａｃｋｅｎ...     

深海中的河流地貌:对拉波拉多海西北大西洋洋中河道冰成海底水系的新认识

旁侧声纳图像和地震剖面显示，在拉波拉多海西北大西洋洋中河道（NAMOC）的海底水系中存在多种深海中的河流地貌．类比范围包括从中型河流地貌到盆地范围的水系特征．在盆地范围内NAMOC的海底水系由斜坡上的顺坡而下的汇聚支流峡谷和与盆底中部主河道相连的耶佐型支流河道组成．人们在NAMOC及其支流较为详细地观察了下列河流地貌：曲流河和网状河道及其最深谷底线，点坝、海台、冲溢扇、海底悬谷及冲槽，天然堤沟状冲刷及滑塌．深海中这些新的河流地貌有些一直没有被人们认识，其余的在过去的资料中也不详细．虽然长期以来人们就知道…     

Time-course evaluation of ROS-mediated toxicity in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, during a field translocation experiment

Harbours can be considered as model environments for developing and validating field monitoring procedures and to investigate mechanistic relationships between different biological responses. In this study several biomarkers were investigated in marine mussels caged for 4 weeks (June-July 2001) into an industrialized harbour of NW Italy. Organisms were collected at different time-intervals to better characterize the sensitivity, temporal variations and interactions of analysed responses. Besides single antioxidants the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay was used to analyse the capability of the whole antioxidant system to neutralize specific forms of radicals: these data were further integrated by measurement of DNA integrity, oxidized bases and the impairment of lysosomal membrane stability in haemocytes. Results showed a biphasic trend for single antioxidants and TOSC, with an increase during the first 2 weeks of exposure to the polluted site followed by a progressive decrease up to a severe depletion in the final part of the experiment.     

Using trace elements in skin to discriminate the populations of minke whales in southern hemisphere

Concentrations of 12 trace elements (V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Cd, Cs, Ba, and Hg) were determined in liver and skin tissues of minke whales from various regions within the Antarctic Ocean. Cd concentrations in livers of southern minke whale were apparently higher than those in cetaceans from other regions, while Hg concentrations were lower. There were significant positive correlations between body length and concentrations of Cd and Hg in the liver. The concentrations of all trace elements in the skin were lower than those in other cetaceans reported previously. Significant positive correlations between liver and skin were found for Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Rb, Cd, and Cs, implying that the concentrations of these trace elements in the skin reflect those of internal organs. Large interannual variation of the accumulation pattern of trace elements in the skin was observed for the southern minke whales from Area V. There were significant differences in the skin element concentrations among Areas III, IV, and V, especially for males. Also, discriminant analysis between geographically two different groups collected during 1995/1996 austral summer season, based on the concentrations of trace elements in the skin, allowed for a correct classification of 90% of these minke whales. These results suggest that measurement of trace elements in skin samples could provide valuable information on the status of contamination and possible geographic differences in the accumulation levels in southern minke whales.     

黑潮海域海洋异常加热与北半球大气环流的相互作用

根据黑潮海域海洋异常加热资料（１９５０－１９７９年），计算其与北半球大气环流相关，揭示二者相互作用事实，讨论其可能的物理过程，结果指出，黑潮海域海洋异常加热具有范围广，持续时间长，量级大等特点，在长期天气变化中占有重要的地位，冬半年海所相互作用为一正反馈过程，当亚洲大陆冷空气强时，海洋异常多加热，东亚大槽加深，后者又导致冷空气进一进加强；夏半年黑潮海域海洋异常加热主要受青藏高原热力状况制约。     

应用生态模型研究近海贝类养殖的可持续发展

建立了一个贝藻混养生态模型，并应用于桑沟湾栉孔扇贝、太平洋牡蛎和海带混养生态系统的模拟。这一模型在个体生长模型的基础上模拟种群的生长情况；通过模拟不同播苗养殖和收获方式下的产量，以及不同混养方式对海洋生态系统的影响来确定养殖容量。采用该模型的研究结果表明：当养殖密度分别增加到目前扇贝和牡蛎放苗量的2倍和15倍时总产量最高(达到养殖容量)，但单位面积产量和产量／播苗比减少，因此效益是下降的；扇贝放苗量增加到目前的15倍，牡蛎增加到30倍时会导致养殖生产崩溃，同时生态系统也发生改变：在目前养殖密度下，桑沟湾向黄海输出初级生产产品，但是当放苗密度增加到15～20倍时，桑沟湾需要黄海向其输入初级生产产品。上述结果表明，该模型可以迅速模拟养殖生物量和生态系统的变化，在多元养殖管理中可作为一种有效的管理工具。     

海水中^214Bi水平分布变化的研究

海水中２１４Ｂｉ水平分布变化的研究О．В．Ｇепанец等在解决海水动力学问题时，在很多情况下，同位素参数比标准水文学参数——温度和盐度更具有代表性。放射性“示踪剂”具有一定的半衰期，并载有一些特殊信息：水文物理过程的持续时间和强度。各种物质的迁移速...     

秦岭-大别-苏鲁和弗朗西斯科变质带的板块构造格局对比

秦岭－大别－苏鲁和弗朗西斯科变质带的板块构造格局对比Ｗ．Ｇ．Ｅｒｎｓｔ和Ｊ．Ｇ．Ｌｉｏｕ大别－苏鲁地区：大陆碰撞（阿尔卑斯型）的超高压产物长达２０００ｋｍ的秦岭－大别－苏鲁褶皱带标志着呈东西向延伸的中国东部中－朝克拉通和杨子克拉通之间结合带。该大地构...     

轨道测年与恒定速度

地球表面的板块运动速度是恒定的，还是在百万年、十万年或更短的时间尺度上变化的?根据D．Wilson的研究结果，某些板块的运动在过去的5Ma间是恒定不变的，但是Vogt在同一问题上的研究结果是在过去的百万年间海底扩张的速度比这之前的百万年间增加了22％，那一个答案是正确的呢?