干旱区内陆河流域生态系统类型及其整治途——以新疆为例

干旱区内陆河流域生态系统类型,可按水资源的形成、转化、消耗、积蓄和排泄,结合地貌和植被划分为山地、水域、人工绿洲、自然绿洲和荒漠五大类型.各类型是在以荒漠为背景情况下,山地为基础,水域为主导,人工绿洲是核心,自然绿洲是屏障.流域生态系统整治途径是:治理山区环境,涵养保持水源;合理利用水源,维护生态稳定;建设人工绿洲,优化生存基地;保护自然绿洲,发挥生态效益;防治荒漠化扩大,减少危害程度.     

我国能源资源的现状及其合理利用问题

本文从讨论能源的概念和分类入手,阐述了我国能源资源的储量及其地理分布,并针对能源开发利用中的特点和问题,提出了合理利用我国能源资源的若干建议。     

A Voronoi neighborhood-based search heuristic for distance/capacity constrained very large vehicle routing problems

Local search heuristics for very large-scale vehicle routing problems (VRPs) have made remarkable advances in recent years. However, few local search heuristics have focused on the use of the spatial neighborhood in Voronoi diagrams to improve local searches. Based on the concept of a k-ring shaped Voronoi neighbor, we propose a Voronoi spatial neighborhood-based search heuristic and algorithm to solve very large-scale VRPs. In this algorithm, k-ring Voronoi neighbors of a customer are limited to building and updating local routings, and rearranging local routings with improper links. This algorithm was evaluated using four sets of benchmark tests for 200–8683 customers. Solutions were compared with specific examples in the literature, such as the one-depot VRP. This algorithm produced better solutions than some of the best-known benchmark VRP solutions and requires less computational time. The algorithm outperformed previous methods used to solve very large-scale, real-world distance constrained capacitated VRP.     

Changing climate affects vegetation growth in the arid region of the northwestern China

The northwestern China is a typical dry-land region of Inner Asia, where significant climate change has been observed over the past several decades. How the regional vegetation, particularly the grassland-oasis-desert complex, responds to such climatic change is poorly understood. To address this question, we investigated spatio-temporal changes in vegetation growth and their responses to a changing climate by biome and bioregion, using satellite-sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data from 1982 to 2003, along with corresponding climate data. Over the past 22 years, about 30% of the total vegetated area showed an annual increase of 0.7% in growing season NDVI. This trend occurred in all biomes and all bioregions except Sawuer, a subregion of the study area with no significant climate change. Further analyses indicated that NDVI change was highly correlated with the current precipitation and evapotranspiration in growing season but was not associated with temperature. We also found that NDVI was positively correlated with the preceding winter precipitation. These findings suggest that precipitation may be the key cause of vegetation growth in this area, even for mountain forests and grasslands, whose growth are often regarded to be limited by low temperate in winter and early spring.     

Intraguild predation by polyps of three scyphozoan jellyfish: Nemopilema nomurai,Aurelia coerulea,and Rhopilema esculentum

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Jellyfish blooms occur worldwide and have resulted in serious problems in tourism, fisheries, coastal industries, and the marine ecosystem. The life cycle of...     

MIS3晚期石笋记录的季风突变事件区域特征及全球联系

末次冰期晚期短尺度气候突变事件异常显著,对其研究有助于认识相似边界条件下气候突变规律。通过MIS3晚期亚洲季风区8支石笋记录总结分析发现,因受洞穴微环境、渗水通道、生长动力等影响,DO5~DO3事件振幅差最大可达0.9 ‰,持续时间差最大达到900年,这可能反映局地环境对同一气候信号的改造作用或与各记录分辨率及测年精度有关。同时,统计分析发现,这些短尺度DO事件具有一定相似性,其持续时间集中分布于特定范围,说明石笋同位素信号在某种程度上可以反映真实气候信号。高、低纬记录对比显示,石笋记录与低纬气候信号呈现诸多相似性,反映亚洲季风区石笋记录具有显著的"低纬特色"。因此,无论亚洲季风突变的"开关"是否归因于北高纬气候,低纬过程确实是不可或缺的"塑造者"。

     

Exploring the effects of data quality,data worth,and redundancy of CO2 gas pressure and saturation data on reservoir characterization through PEST inversion

This study examined the impacts of reservoir properties on carbon dioxide (CO₂) migration after subsurface injection and evaluated the possibility of characterizing reservoir properties using CO₂ monitoring data such as spatial–temporal distributions of gas pressure, which can be reasonably monitored in practice. The injection reservoir was assumed to be located 1,400–1,500 m below the ground surface such that CO₂ remained in the supercritical state. The reservoir was assumed to contain layers with alternating conductive and resistive properties, which is analogous to actual geological formations such as the Mount Simon Sandstone unit. The CO₂ injection simulation used a cylindrical grid setting in which the injection well was situated at the center of the domain, which extended out 8,000 m from the injection well. The CO₂ migration was simulated using the latest version of the simulator, subsurface transport over multiple phases (the water–salt–CO₂–energy module), developed by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. A nonlinear parameter estimation and optimization modeling software package, Parameter ESTimation (PEST), is adopted for automated reservoir parameter estimation. The effects of data quality, data worth, and data redundancy were explored regarding the detectability of reservoir parameters using gas pressure monitoring data, by comparing PEST inversion results using data with different levels of noises, various numbers of monitoring wells and locations, and different data collection spacing and temporal sampling intervals. This study yielded insight into the use of CO₂ monitoring data for reservoir characterization and how to design the monitoring system to optimize data worth and reduce data redundancy. The feasibility of using CO₂ saturation data for improving reservoir characterization was also discussed.     

基于数据挖掘分析针刺治疗突发性耳聋的选穴规律

目的：通过数据挖掘技术分析针刺治疗突发性耳聋的选穴规律。方法：检索2013年1月1日至2022年10月20日中国知网（CNKI）和维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）中针刺治疗突发性耳聋的临床文献,按纳入和排除标准筛选文献并提取腧穴处方,采用Excel统计腧穴频次,使用IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0、SPSS Modeler 18.0软件进行关联性分析。结果：纳入63篇文献,共计63首穴位处方。使用频次排前5位的穴位依次是听会、翳风、听宫、耳门、中渚;最常选取的经脉为手少阳三焦经、足少阳胆经和手太阳小肠经;使用频率排前3位的特定穴是交会穴、五输穴和八脉交会穴;腧穴分布情况主要以头颈部腧穴为主,其次是下肢与上肢的腧穴。关联性分析结果提示,核心腧穴处方为翳风-外关-听宫-听会-中渚-耳门,核心穴对是翳风-外关-听宫。结论：针刺治疗突发性耳聋以核心穴组为基础,兼顾祛风、活血、补肾及醒脑开窍,临床应结合经络配穴及辨证取穴。     

SEA LEVEL RISE OF THE ZHUJIANG RIVER DELTA AND NEOTECTONICS

A linear regression analysis of 28 selected tide-gauge stations of the Zhujiang Estuary shows that there has been a tendency of local sea level rise at a rate of 2.028 mm per year. The origin of the variation is significantly attributed to the local tectonic movement of discrepant fault-block. Based on this, four types of relative local sea level changes are classified. According to calculation, half of the fertile land, or 800 km2 of the delta plain will have been submerged by sea water by about 2040. This will yield a significant influence on the economic construction and human activities.     

河南省华北型石炭—二叠纪地层多重划分与对比

河南省华北型石炭—二叠纪岩石地层可分为本溪组、太原组、山西组、石盒子组和孙家沟组,石盒子组又可分为小风口段、云盖山段和平顶山段。年代地层可分为１２个阶,生物地层可分为１０个连续组合带。岩石、生物及年代地层的对比表明,本溪组、太原组向南穿时,反映海侵由北向南;山西组上部和石盒子组向北穿时,揭示海水由南向北回泛。早二叠世前海水向南流注入北秦岭海槽,晚二叠世北秦岭褶皱,导致北秦岭海槽闭合,华北陆块南缘抬升、水体北流,成为内陆盆地。