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901.
902.
高铁时代长三角城市群交通网络空间结构分形特征研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
宁沪杭高铁的开通缩短了长三角城市之间的交通时间.通过缩减交通时间拉近城市间空间距离,高速铁路的贯通对长三角城市群交通网络空间结构产生深远影响.城市间联系会因交通时间缩短而增强,以交通距离代替空间距离来研究城市群之间分形特征更具有科学性.从城市间高速时间距离和高铰时间距离对比角度,计算高铁开通前后长三角城市群交通空间聚集维数和空间关联维数,分析长三角城市群交通网络空间结构分形特征变化.结果表明:高铁下的长三角城市群交通网络空间向心性集聚分布更显著,空间关联性更强.不同级别交通网络相互叠加改变城市群交通网络分形特征.高铁开通优化了长三角城市群城市交通网络空间结构. 相似文献
903.
基于网络团购的虚拟旅游流空间差异及动力机制研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以旅游产品网络团购为研究视角,以中国26个旅游地旅游产品网络团购虚拟旅游流为研究数据,通过空间分析方法,研究虚拟旅游流的空间分布差异及形成动力机制.网络团购虚拟旅游流整体上表现出微弱离散分布特征,局部表现出一定的聚集性,总的来说虚拟客流集中于南方沿海与中部旅游资源丰富省域,中偏西部、华北及东北地区团购虚拟旅游流量较小;团购虚拟旅游流的空间分布是内外部驱动力及环境驱动力共同作用的结果,其中外部驱动力包括产品团购价格、产品类型、网络营销空间结构3个主要动力因素,相关分析表明团购价格是最主要的外部驱动因素,其次为产品类型,最后为网络营销空间结构;以团购虚拟旅游流为研究视角具有一定的新颖性,弥补了旅游流在虚拟空间研究薄弱的缺陷.虚拟旅游流流向能够在一定程度上反映现实旅游流,甚至导引现实旅游流,虚拟旅游流的研究为景区人流管理、景区容量管理提供预知警告. 相似文献
904.
Zhixiang Fang Shih-Lung Shaw Shunqing Chen Bi Yu Chen 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(4):741-764
Local search heuristics for very large-scale vehicle routing problems (VRPs) have made remarkable advances in recent years. However, few local search heuristics have focused on the use of the spatial neighborhood in Voronoi diagrams to improve local searches. Based on the concept of a k-ring shaped Voronoi neighbor, we propose a Voronoi spatial neighborhood-based search heuristic and algorithm to solve very large-scale VRPs. In this algorithm, k-ring Voronoi neighbors of a customer are limited to building and updating local routings, and rearranging local routings with improper links. This algorithm was evaluated using four sets of benchmark tests for 200–8683 customers. Solutions were compared with specific examples in the literature, such as the one-depot VRP. This algorithm produced better solutions than some of the best-known benchmark VRP solutions and requires less computational time. The algorithm outperformed previous methods used to solve very large-scale, real-world distance constrained capacitated VRP. 相似文献
905.
906.
介绍地磁台建设中场地勘选、建设方案以及材料的选择与检测、磁场梯度监控的一些方法.实践证明,永安地磁台的台址堪选与建设满足地磁台站建设规范的技术要求,说明方法切实有效,可以为其他地磁台站的新建、改造提供参考. 相似文献
907.
The wind-induced responses of a large-scale membrane structure, Expo Boulevard, are evaluated in this study. To obtain the wind pressure distribution on the roof surface, a wind tunnel test is performed. A brief analysis of wind pressure on the membrane roof is conducted first and then an analysis of the wind-induced responses of the structure is carried out using a numerical integral method in the time domain. In the process of calculation, the geometrical nonlinearity is taken into account. Results indicate that mean, RSM and peak values of the structure responses increase nonlinearly while the approaching flow velocity increases. Strong nonlinear characteristics are observed in the displacement responses, whereas the responses of nodal stress and cable axial force show minimal nonlinear properties when the membrane structure is subjected to wind loads. Different values of the damping ratio only have a minimal impact on the RSM response of the structure because the background component is a dominant part of the total dynamic response and the resonant component is too small. As the damping ratio increases from 0.02 to 0.05, the RMS responses of vertical displacement, nodal stress and cable axial force decrease by 8.1%, 6.7% and 17.9%, respectively. Since the mean component plays a significant role in the wind-induced response, the values of the gust response factor are not high for Expo Boulevard. 相似文献
908.
In order to maintain the thermal stability of very wide highway embankments in permafrost regions, the thermal isolation
material EPS is often utilized. To examine the effects of this insulation on the China National Highway (G214),
two-dimensional finite element analysis of temperature fields was conducted for varying widths of highway embankments
with and without EPS insulation. The numerical results show that in permafrost regions the effect of thermal aggregation on
asphalt pavement is more obvious when highway embankments are wider, and, specifically for the G214 highway, the insulation
should be more than 25 cm thick for 24-m-wide embankments. However, considering other factors such as the structural
rationality of the embankments and high engineering costs, it might not be feasible to install EPS insulation in
24-m-wide embankments of the G214 highway when the height of the embankments is less than 3.65 m. 相似文献
909.
Hg bioaccumulation in marine copepods around hydrothermal vents and the adjacent marine environment in northeastern Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The Hg concentration in seawater and copepod samples collected from the area around hydrothermal vents at Kueishan Island and the adjacent marine environment in northeastern Taiwan were analyzed to study Hg bioaccumulation in copepods living in polluted and clean marine environments. The seawater collected from the hydrothermal vent area had an extremely high concentration of dissolved Hg, 50.6–256 ng l−1. There was slightly higher Hg content in the copepods, 0.08–0.88 μg g−1. The dissolved Hg concentration in the hydrothermal vent seawater was two to three orders of magnitude higher than that in the adjacent environment. The bioconcentration factor of the studied copepods ranged within 103–106, and showed higher dissolved concentration as the bioconcentration factor was lower. A substantial abundance, but with less copepod diversity was recorded in the seawater around the hydrothermal vent area. Temora turbinata was the species of opportunity under the hydrothermal vent influence. 相似文献
910.
ABSTRACTWater temperature dynamics in a reservoir are affected by its bathymetry, climatic conditions and hydrological processes. Miyun Reservoir in China is a large and deep reservoir that experienced a large water level decline in 1999–2004 due to low rainfall and relatively high water supply to Beijing. To study changes of stratification characteristics in Miyun Reservoir from 1998 to 2011, the one-dimensional year-round lake model MINLAKE2010 was modified by adding a new selective withdraw module and a reservoir hydrological model. Simulation results under three scenarios demonstrated that the new MINLAKE2012 model accurately predicted daily water levels and temperature dynamics during the water level fluctuation period. The water level decline led to 7.6 and 3.8°C increases in the maximum and mean bottom temperatures and about 29 days reduction in the stratification days. These simulation results provide an insight into the thermal evolution of Miyun Reservoir during the planned future water filling process.
Editor D. Koutsoyiannis Associate editor M. Acreman 相似文献