甚低频电磁法在柴胡栏子金矿间接找矿中的应用

老矿山资源危机迫切需要经济有效的找矿手段,在矿区外围寻找新矿段,增加开采储量.甚低频电磁法(VLF-EM)是可以选择的对象.在具备甚低频电磁法应用的地质、地球物理前提下,通过对所测数据进行技术处理,并且结合矿区地质研究控矿规律及矿体赋存规律,从而有效地圈定掩盖区异常地质体及其产状和展布方向,预测矿体空间赋存部位,为深部找矿提供依据.     

冰盖下水流速度分布的二维数值模拟分析

基于标准的κ-ε模型,利用有限体积法,对冰盖下水流速度分布进行了二维数值模拟和分析.结果表明:当冰盖和河床糙率比值变化时,水流速度剖面发生变化;冰盖下的最大流速值比速度对称分布时要大,且偏于光滑的一边;在相对光滑壁处近壁流速值大于相应对称分布时的流速值,该结果与实验室实测速度剖面情况吻合.数值试验表明,最大流速点位置的偏移量仅在有限的范围内,冰盖区、床面区及冰盖下水流平均速度相差较小,表明了工程应用中假定各区流速相等是可行的.     

Simulation of the Unusual Solar Minimum with 3D SIP-CESE MHD Model by Comparison with Multi-Satellite Observations

The observations both near the Sun and in the heliosphere during the activity minimum between solar cycles 23 and 24 exhibit different phenomena from those typical of the previous solar minima. In this paper, we have chosen Carrington rotation 2070 in 2008 to investigate the properties of the background solar wind by using the three-dimensional (3D) Solar?CInterPlanetary Conservation Element/Solution Element Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model. We also study the effects of polar magnetic fields on the characteristics of the solar corona and the solar wind by conducting simulations with an axisymmetric polar flux added to the observed magnetic field. The numerical results are compared with the observations from multiple satellites, such as the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), Ulysses, Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), Wind and the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE). The comparison demonstrates that the first simulation with the observed magnetic fields reproduces some observed peculiarities near the Sun, such as relatively small polar coronal holes, the presence of mid- and low-latitude holes, a tilted and warped current sheet, and the broad multiple streamers. The numerical results also capture the inconsistency between the locus of the minimum wind speed and the location of the heliospheric current sheet, and predict slightly slower and cooler polar streams with a relatively smaller latitudinal width, broad low-latitude intermediate-speed streams, and globally weak magnetic field and low density in the heliosphere. The second simulation with strengthened polar fields indicates that the weak polar fields in the current minimum play a crucial role in determining the states of the corona and the solar wind.     

Radio Observations of the S5 Sample

The S5 sample was monitored on a monthly basis since December 2008 at Urumqi Observatory. Most of the sources are variables and a considerable proportion (about 20%) exhibited a significant inter-month flux variability (modulation index >?4%) during the 1-year observation.     

台湾-吕宋岛弧巴士段火山活动的热模拟

岛弧火山活动的数值热模拟研究是俯冲带构造热演化研究的重要方面,也是验证地表观测结果的重要方法。选取台湾-吕宋岛弧巴士段内东火山链(EVC)的甘米银活火山和西火山链(WVC)的加拉鄢死火山,根据地质和地球物理条件,进行了有限元热模拟计算。在计算模拟甘米银活火山和加拉鄢死火山现今的热流分布的基础上,分析了二者的差异。模拟结果表明,甘米银活火山顶部至周边30km热流值有明显升高,越靠近火山热流值越高且增加速率越快,岩浆房正上方的热流高达310mW.m-2。加拉鄢死火山顶部及周边热流略有升高,热流增量从周边40km处的小于3mW.m-2缓慢增加到火山顶部的15mW.m-2。     

刺参-对虾复合养殖系统主要营养盐动态变化及循环过程的研究

2011年4～9月期间对养殖系统N、P营养盐含量进行连续采样分析,比较刺参单养(S池塘)和刺参-对虾复合养殖(SS池塘)2种模式养殖系统水体、沉积物、底泥营养盐的动态变化及循环过程。结果表明,水体中总氮(TN)含量为:S池塘(1.16±0.13)～(2.64±0.09)mg·L-1;SS池塘(1.24±0.08)～(2.55±0.09)mg·L-1。水体中总磷(TP)含量为:S池塘(0.03±0.01)～(0.08±0.01)mg·L-1;SS池塘(0.03±0.01)～(0.09±0.02)mg·L-1。水体中总无机氮(DIN)含量为:S池塘(0.10±0.03)～(0.32±0.05)mg·L-1;SS池塘(0.16±0.03)～(0.45±0.02)mg·L-1。3种营养盐浓度并未随着养殖活动的进行而持续升高,反而下降,说明这2种养殖模式均不会增加养殖水体营养盐负荷。2个池塘底泥的TN、TP含量从实验开始到结束均未发生显著变化(P>0.05),说明这2种养殖模式均不会增加养殖池塘底泥N、P营养盐的积累。各营养盐指标相关分析结果显示,两池塘底泥氨氮与水体氨氮呈显著负相关(P<0.05),说明氨氮在池塘底泥与水体之间存在交换作用,并且刺参和对虾的扰动作用可能促进这一交换过程。8和9月刺参处于夏眠期,SS池塘水体颗粒氮(PN)显著低于S池塘(P<0.05),水体颗粒物的沉积通量也相对增大,底泥氨氮含量显著低于S池塘(P<0.05),而水体氨氮、DIN、TN浓度均高于S池塘,说明刺参-对虾复合养殖池塘中,因混养对虾的生物沉积与扰动作用,加强了养殖系统内水体与底泥之间的偶联作用,加快了营养盐的循环过程,防止营养盐在底泥的连续积累造成的养殖环境恶化。     

滨海新区温带风暴潮灾害风险评估研究

建立了一套基于非结构三角网、适用于滨海新区的高分辨率风暴潮漫滩数值模式,在陆地区域分辨率达到50~80 m,对两次典型的温带风暴潮进行模拟得到满意结果。计算了塘沽站19 a平均天文高潮值并根据对历史天气过程的分析,选取制定了4个强度的天气系统,而后模拟得到不同强度下滨海新区的温带风暴潮最大淹没范围。综合考虑风暴潮淹没风险与承灾体脆弱性制作出滨海新区温带风暴潮灾害风险图。结果表明:大部分地区都存在风暴潮灾害风险,沿海地区风险大于内陆,其中天津新港、临港工业区、海河北岸地区、大港地区南部的灾害风险最大。     

An Overview on the Composition and Age of Upper Crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan Intra-oceanic Arc, NE Tibet Plateau

Identification and anatomy of oceanic arcs within ancient orogenic belt are significant for better understanding the tectonic framework and closure process of paleo-ocean basin. This article summarizes the geological, geochemical, and geochronological characteristics of upper crust of Proto-Tethyan Lajishan intra-oceanic arc and provides new data to constrain the subduction evolution of the South Qilian Ocean. The intra-oceanic arc volcanic rocks, including intermediate–mafic lava, breccia, tuff, and minor felsic rocks, are distributed along southern part of the Lajishan ophiolite belt. Geochemical and isotopic compositions indicate that the intermediate–mafic lava were originated from depleted mantle contaminated by sediment melts or hydrous fluids, whereas the felsic rocks were likely generated by partial melting of juvenile mafic crust in intra-oceanic arc setting. Zircons from felsic rocks yield consistent and concordant ages ranging from 506 to 523 Ma, suggesting these volcanic rocks represent the relicts of upper crust of the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc. Combined with the Cambrian forearc ophiolite and accretionary complex, we suggest that the Cambrian intra-oceanic arc in the Lajishan ophiolite belt is belonging to the intra-oceanic arc system which was generated by south-directed subduction in the South Qilian Ocean at a relatively short interval between approximately 530 and 480 Ma.     

Sedimentary Environment and Mineralization of the Black Shale Polymetallic Layer in the Early Cambrian, SW China: Constraints from in situ LA-ICP-MS Analysis of Pyrite

A polymetallic layer is usually developed at the bottom of the early Cambrian black shale in Guizhou Province. The mineral that makes up the polymetallic layer is related to the sedimentary facies. To analyze the differentiation mechanism between polymetallic deposits (Ni-Mo and V), the Zhijin Gezhongwu profile located in the outer shelf and the Sansui Haishan V deposit located in the lower slope are selected to study the in situ sulfur isotopes and trace elements of pyrite. The results show that δ34S values of pyrite vary widely from ?7.8 ‰ to 28 ‰ in the Gezhongwu profile, while the δ34S values are relatively uniform (from 27.8 ‰ to 38.4 ‰) in the Haishan profile. The isotopic S composition is consistent with the transition that occurs in the sedimentary phase from the shelf to the deep sea on the transgressive Yangtze platform; this indicates that the δ34SO42? values in seawater must be differently distributed in depositional environments. The sulfur in the Ni-Mo layer is produced after the mixing of seawater and hydrothermal fluid, while the V layer mainly originates from seawater. Overall, the Ni-Mo and V deposits have been differentiated primarily on the basis of the combined effect of continental weathering and hydrothermal fluid.     

冻土三轴蠕变非线性数学模型研究

采用MTS-810液压伺服材料试验机, 对人工配制的冻黏土试件进行了三轴蠕变试验, 获得了冻黏土在复杂应力状态下的蠕变曲线. 结果表明: 冻土的蠕变变形具有较强的温度敏感性, 温度越高, 这种温度敏感性越强; 相同温度下, 荷载越大, 变形越大. 运用相关理论, 推导了冻黏土在复杂应力状态下的三轴蠕变非线性数学模型, 采用MATLAB软件的数据拟合功能得到了模型方程参数的数值, 模型参数与温度之间存在密切关系, 建立了二者之间的数学表达式. 冻土三轴蠕变非线性数学模型的曲线与试验曲线拟合精度较高, 建立的数学模型可以精确体现冻土的蠕变规律, 能够为实际冻土工程的变形发展预测提供有效的理论指导.