低硼氢氧化镁的制备及热分解动力学参数

本文以水合氯化镁、工业氨水为原料制备出了低硼含量的纯度 >99%的氢氧化镁和氧化镁。利用差热 -热重 (DTA- TG)、X-射线衍射 (XRD)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)等手段 ,对氢氧化镁的热稳定性、相结构、表观状态以及脱水动力学参数进行了分析。结果为 :氢氧化镁以束状纤维和片状粉末共存 ,在 6 2 3K基本完成脱水反应生成氧化镁 ,其脱水反应的表观活化能 E为135 .4 k J· mol-1,指前因子 A为 5 .15× 10 10 ,反应级数 n为 1.10     

1998年长江巨洪与厄尔尼诺事件

1997～ 1 998年出现了 2 0世纪中最强的一次厄尔尼诺事件。根据长江洪水与厄尔尼诺事件的实测资料 ,指出 1 998年的长江巨洪与这次厄尔尼诺事件具有较密切的关系。同时讨论了厄尔尼诺事件影响长江洪水的物理途径 ,这对长江巨洪的长期及超长期预报具有较重要的指示作用     

Prediction of Load Carrying Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beam

A novel method for prediction of the load carrying capacity of a corroded reinforced concrete beam (CRCB) is presented in the paper. Nine reinforced concrete beams, which had been working in an aggressive environment for more than 10 years, were tested in the laboratory. Comprehensive tests, including flexural test, strength test for corroded concrete and rusty rebar, and pullout test for bond strength between concrete and rebar, were condueted. The flexural test results of CRCBs reveal that the distribution of surface cracks on the beams shows a fractal behavior. The relationship between the fractal dimensions and mechanical properties of CRCBs is then studied. A prediction model based on artificial neural network (ANN) is established by the use of the fractal dimension as the corrosion index, together with the basic intbrmation of the beam. The validity of the prediction model is demonstrated through the experimental data, and satisfactory resuits are achieved.     

国外渔具选择性研究进展

为了保护和可持续利用渔业资源 ,渔具选择性的研究在国际上倍受重视。该文以比较作业法中渔具选择性曲线的推导 ,特别是利用扩张 SEL ECT模型推导渔具选择性曲线为例 ,介绍国外渔具选择性研究的最新进展 ,以期作为我国开展这方面研究工作的参考     

Analysis of Offshore Oil Pipeline Floating Laying

-Based on the calculation model for the floating laying of the offshore oil pipeline, this paper analyses in detail the internal force, and deformation of the pipeline under a definite structural form (pipeline and buoy) and the way of pulling. The obtained results can be used for the buoy deployment, structure design, and the determination of pulling parameters (the pulling force of the cable and its length, etc.), providing an effective analysis method for floating pipeline-laying. A calculation example is given to show the related calculation process and the main results are analyzed and discussed.     

茶皂素对几种鱼类和对虾的毒性研究

本研究以茶皂素类作为“清池剂”,试图解决对虾养殖的基础和应用技术问题。试验结果表明:对虾对茶皂素和油茶皂素有较高的耐受力;茶皂素与油茶皂素均具鱼毒活性,油茶皂素则较强。鱼种不同,中毒反应也略有差异;两种茶皂素的鱼毒速度快,在致死浓度时16h内出现中毒死亡,毒性降解也快,浓度为5×10~(-6)时40h后不再引起鱼类中毒。     

涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态系中浮游动植物与环境因子关系的初步探讨

本文根据1990年4月、10月间的理化分析数据，结合2002年9月涠洲岛珊瑚礁生态环境的调查状况，首次从珊瑚礁生态系的角度初步探讨该岛区浮游动植物与环境因子的关系。结果表明：该岛区浮游动植物的分布具有明显的区域性和季节性，既体现了珊瑚礁生态系具有较高的初级生产力特征，也体现了浮游动植物具有显著的季节交替现象。相关分析显示，水温、盐度、N，P，Si营养盐对浮游植物的种类组成及数量变动均有明显影响，但对浮游动物的影响不大；N是该生态系中浮游植物的限制因子，P限制状况只有在珊瑚礁生长带较深的海域出现，Si呈相对富足状态。     

现代黄河三角洲粉土触变性研究及其应用

通过对现代黄河三角洲砂质粉土和粉质粘土触变性的对比试验研究，阐述了黄河口粉土的触变性。试验结果对解释粉土的失稳机制、解决工程地基的稳定性和防止地质灾害等具有重要的现实意义。     

Study on “J”Type Offshore Pipeline-Laying Method

-Considering both the seabed foundation and wave, an analytic model of "J" type is proposed for offshore pipeline-laying. The governing differential equation is also obtained for the pipeline on the seabed and for the suspension sections. By utilizing weighted- residual method and dual iteration technique, an approximate solution is obtained, too. In the end, calculation examples are given for analyzing the changeable relationship among the major parameters.