小松山超基性杂岩体橄榄石的岩组分析

沿贺兰山台褶带北部西缘深大断裂带分布的小松山超基性杂岩体属岩浆结晶分异形成的似层状含铬岩体，岩组分析表明岩体中橄榄石具有高度的定向性。笔者通过研究认为，这种定向性系岩浆上侵过程中的流动分异作用影响造成，反映了小松山岩体系构造动荡环境下的产物。     

藏北羌塘中部桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩的岩石学特征

桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩是龙木错－双湖板块缝合带近期的重要发现。通过对桃形湖蛇绿岩进行详细的野外地质调查和岩石学、年代学、地球化学的研究发现,桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩各单元出露齐全,由下到上分别为变质橄榄岩、超基性堆晶杂岩、堆晶辉长岩、基性岩墙群和枕状玄武岩,在堆晶岩中有不同规模的斜长花岗岩（层）脉体。桃形湖堆晶辉长岩的时代为中奥陶世,并具有大洋中脊型的地球化学特点。桃形湖早古生代蛇绿岩的发现说明龙木错－双湖板块缝合带中存在完整的蛇绿岩组合,同时也是古特提斯洋早期裂解的重要证据。     

Mapping Geochemical Anomalies Through Integrating Random Forest and Metric Learning Methods

Extracting geochemical anomalies from geochemical exploration data is one of the most important activities in mineral exploration. Geochemical anomaly detection can be regarded as a binary classification problem. The similarity between geochemical samples can be measured by their distance. The key issue of this classification is to find the intrinsic relationship and distance between geochemical samples to separate geochemical anomalies from background. In this paper, a hybrid method that integrates random forest and metric learning (RFML) is used to identify geochemical anomalies related to Fe-polymetallic mineralization in Southwest Fujian Province of China. RFML does not require any specific statistical assumption on geochemical data, nor does it depend on sufficient known mineral occurrences as the prior knowledge. The geochemical anomaly map obtained by the RFML method showed that the known Fe deposits and the generated geochemical anomaly area have strong spatial association. Meanwhile, the receiver operating characteristic curves for the results of RFML and another method, namely maximum margin metric learning, indicated that the RFML method exhibited better performance, suggesting that RFML can be effectively applied to recognize geochemical anomalies.

     

河南槐树坪金矿成矿物质共生组合规律及成矿期次

槐树坪金矿是豫西熊耳山地区新发现的大型含金石英脉型金矿床,成矿具有多期次性等特点.为确定槐树坪金矿成矿物质共生组合及成矿期次,通过地球化学数据多元统计分析,得出矿床中Au的富集与成矿指示元素Bi、Ag密切相关,其中与Au矿化阶段相一致的3个主要阶段为:As-Ag-Hg组合沉淀作用阶段、Pb-Zn多金属硫化物矿化阶段和Cu-W-Mo组合沉淀作用阶段.通过岩矿鉴定及野外调研确定的矿石矿物共生组合为(黄铁矿、赤铁矿)—白铁矿—闪锌矿—方铅矿—(黄铜矿、斑铜矿)—蓝辉铜矿;围岩蚀变组合为钾长石、石英、黑云母、高岭土、方解石、白云石、绢云母、绿泥石、绿帘石.矿床成矿期次可划分为蚀变期、热液期及表生期,热液期又包括乳白色石英脉阶段、烟灰色石英—多金属硫化物阶段、白色石英脉—黄铁矿细脉状矿化阶段和石英—碳酸盐化阶段.     

兰州银滩湿地区域生态经济价值评估

通过分析人工湿地的生态系统服务功能,阐述了黄河湿地生物多样性保护与水文调控生态功能区的重要性,计算了兰州银滩湿地的固碳释氧、空气质量调节、水源涵养和科研文化四项核心生态经济价值。结果表明：银滩湿地核心生态经济价值理论值为1 623.7万元,其中固碳释氧和科研文化价值实现率较高,分别为324.88万元和11.53万元。但现状水分供给、生态结构方面尚存在不合理之处,通过合理配置树草种构成,优化引水渠道等措施,该湿地将发挥更大的生态经济效益。     

在地震力作用下高架桥梁上轨道车辆的动态分析与安全性研究

本文将轨道车辆系统仿真成由车厢、转向架及轮轴所组成。车厢与转向架间有次悬吊系统,转向架与轮轴间则有主悬吊系统。数学模型的推导将考虑车辆横向、垂向、翻滚及摇摆方向的运动,将车辆仿真成三维具16个自由度的系统。本研究将探讨行驶高架桥梁的轨道车辆受地震激振时的响应和安全性,结果显示,移轨力及脱轨系数会随着地表加速度的增加而增加,而轨道不平整度及速度参数对脱轨系数及移轨力的影响不大。     

Geological characteristics of the Qiaoyue Seamount and associated ultramafic-hosted seafloor hydrothermal system (～52.1°E,Southwest Indian Ridge)

Hydrothermal vent incidence was once thought to be proportional to the spreading rate of the mid-ocean ridges (MORs). However, more and more studies have shown that the ultraslow-spreading ridges (e.g., Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR)) have a relatively higher incidence of hydrothermal venting fields. The Qiaoyue Seamount (52.1°E) is located at the southern side of segment #25 of the SWIR, to the west of the Gallieni transform fault. The Chinese Dayang cruises conducted eight preliminary deep-towed surveys of hydrothermal activity in the area during 2009 and 2018. Here, through comprehensive analyses of the video and photos obtained by the deep-towed platforms, rock samples, and water column turbidity anomalies, a high-temperature, ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal system is predicted on the northern flank of the Qiaoyue Seamount. We propose that this hydrothermal system is most likely to be driven by gabboric intrusions. Efficient hydrothermal circulation channels appear against a backdrop of high rock permeability related to the detachment fault.     

不同边界条件对多年冻土上限影响的模型试验研究

在全球气候转暖对多年冻土影响的情景下，开展了在多模式下气温升高对冻土上限的影响试验研究。针对不加抛石遮阳棚、加抛石、加抛石遮阳棚3种情况，地表温度均采取基本温度加2次不同升温冻融循环，每次温控指标逐级提高0.5℃，即地表温度3次变化依次按照-16.1～5.8～-13.3℃、-15.6～6.3～-12.8℃、-15.1～6.8～-12.3℃进行，结果表明，加抛石及遮阳棚对多年冻土上限有着明显的影响，冻土上限的变化与气温基本上呈正相关，为寒区道路工程设计与施工提供了理论参考依据。     

PWD22型能见度计的使用与维护

介绍能见度的自动观测技术,并通过介绍PWD22型能见度计,阐述能见度计的原理、种类和安装使用方法以及注意事项。     

空化水射流技术在海洋污损生物清除领域的应用研究

文章从海洋污损生物的危害分析入手,首先概述海洋污损生物的清除方法,并结合空化水射流技术的原理与优势开展实例应用研究,指出空化射流清洗技术是一种切实可行的新型清洗技术,可以在不破坏设施表面完整防腐层的基础上,高效、安全地清洗水下设施表面附着的海洋生物污垢层;最后对空化水射流技术进行展望,指出其关键技术在于空化射流喷嘴的设计和ROV自动控制系统的研制。