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21.
Silke Merchel Rgis Braucher Lucilla Benedetti Olivier Grauby Didier L. Bourls 《Quaternary Geochronology》2008,3(4):299-307
Surface exposure dating of carbonate rocks using cosmogenic 10Be is problematic. We have performed step-wise leaching of calcite-rich samples in order to investigate the reasons for this. Results on different grain size fractions clearly indicate the source of atmospheric 10Be is clay. We demonstrate that partial-leaching procedures, which result in moderate pH levels will not release 10Be (in-situ produced or atmospheric) due to the instant re-absorption on grain surfaces. By contrast, under strongly acidic conditions, all absorbed 10Be is leached from aluminosilicates giving abnormally high 10Be concentrations and consequently exposure ages that are too old. Dating is only possible if samples do not contain any clay minerals or if they can be removed prior to carbonate dissolution. 相似文献
22.
Gérard Thuillier Michel Hersé Paul C. Simon Dietrich Labs Holger Mandel Didier Gillotay Thomas Foujols 《Solar physics》1998,177(1-2):41-61
The SOLSPEC instrument has been built to carry out solar spectral irradiance measurements from 200 to 3000 nm. It consists of three spectrometers designed to measure the solar spectral irradiance in ultraviolet, visible, and infrared domains. It flew with the ATLAS I mission in March 1992. This paper is dedicated to the visible part of the solar spectrum. Comparisons with recent data are shown and differences below 450 nm are discussed. 相似文献
23.
Bachoc François Durrande Nicolas Rullière Didier Chevalier Clément 《Mathematical Geosciences》2022,54(5):941-977
Mathematical Geosciences - Kriging is a widely employed technique across computer experiments, machine learning and geostatistics. An important challenge for kriging is its high costs when dealing... 相似文献
24.
Félix Avedik Vincent Renard Didier Buisine Jean-Yves Cornic 《Marine Geophysical Researches》1978,3(4):357-379
This paper describes a pop-up ocean bottom seismograph designed primarily for refraction surveys both on the continental shelf and in deep sea. Its development is the extension of our system based on seismic detectors located on the sea floor with radio transmission of seismic signals and used for seismic refraction studies on the continental shelf. The seismic detectors (vertical geophone or hydrophone and two orthogonally mounted horizontal geophones) are located outside of the pressure vessel on the main frame. Optionally, the seismic sensors may be decoupled from the main frame assembly. This decoupling is performed by a mobile arm positioning the separate three component sensor package on the sea floor.Contribution No. 455 of the Département Scientifique, Centre Océanologique de Bretagne. 相似文献
25.
Didier Miallier Serge Sanzelle Thierry Pilleyre Gérard Vernet Sarah Brugière Tohru Danhara 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2004,336(1):1-8
A trachytic tephra, discovered in the ancient lake of Sarliève, ‘Grande Limagne’, has been dated using the thermoluminescence technique. The obtained age, 16±4 ka (), is older than that of the trachytic volcanoes of the Cha??ne des Puys, the ashes of which have already been locally recognised in the region. Its analysis confirms its originality. In the course of the comparisons made to search for its spring, it appears that the wide-dispersion tephra CF7, beforehand correlated by hypothesis to the Puy de Clierzou, probably originates from the Kilian crater or the Puy de Vasset. To cite this article: D. Miallier et al., C. R. Geoscience 336 (2004). 相似文献
26.
Sébastien Gogo Jean-Baptiste Paroissien Fatima Laggoun-Défarge Jean-Marc Antoine Léonard Bernard-Jannin Guillaume Bertrand Philippe Binet Stéphane Binet Guillaume Bouger Yohann Brossard Thierry Camboulive Jean-Pierre Caudal Stéphane Chevrier Geneviève Chiapiuso Benoît D'Angelo Pilar Durantez Chris Flechard André-Jean Francez Didier Galop Laure Gandois Daniel Gilbert Christophe Guimbaud Louis Hinault Adrien Jacotot Franck Le Moing Emilie Lerigoleur Gaël Le Roux Fabien Leroy Alexandre Lhosmot Qian Li Elodie Machado Da Silva Jean-Sébastien Moquet Juanita Mora-Gomez Laurent Perdereau Thomas Rosset Marie-Laure Toussaint 《水文研究》2021,35(6):e14244
Mitigating and adapting to global changes requires a better understanding of the response of the Biosphere to these environmental variations. Human disturbances and their effects act in the long term (decades to centuries) and consequently, a similar time frame is needed to fully understand the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of a natural system. To this end, the ‘Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique’ (CNRS) promotes and certifies long-term monitoring tools called national observation services or ‘Service National d'Observation’ (SNO) in a large range of hydrological and biogeochemical systems (e.g., cryosphere, catchments, aquifers). The SNO investigating peatlands, the SNO ‘Tourbières’, was certified in 2011 ( https://www.sno-tourbieres.cnrs.fr/ ). Peatlands are mostly found in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere and French peatlands are located in the southern part of this area. Thus, they are located in environmental conditions that will occur in northern peatlands in coming decades or centuries and can be considered as sentinels. The SNO Tourbières is composed of four peatlands: La Guette (lowland central France), Landemarais (lowland oceanic western France), Frasne (upland continental eastern France) and Bernadouze (upland southern France). Thirty target variables are monitored to study the hydrological and biogeochemical functioning of the sites. They are grouped into four datasets: hydrology, fluvial export of organic matter, greenhouse gas fluxes and meteorology/soil physics. The data from all sites follow a common processing chain from the sensors to the public repository. The raw data are stored on an FTP server. After operator or automatic processing, data are stored in a database, from which a web application extracts the data to make them available ( https://data-snot.cnrs.fr/data-access/ ). Each year at least, an archive of each dataset is stored in Zenodo, with a digital object identifier (DOI) attribution ( https://zenodo.org/communities/sno_tourbieres_data/ ). 相似文献
27.
The Manh Vu Jean Sulem Didier Subrin Nathalie Monin Judith Lascols 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2013,46(2):231-246
In this paper, we analyse the convergence measurements recorded in a gallery excavated in severely squeezing ground. The procedure consists in a preliminary geometrical treatment of the raw data to evaluate the principal axes of deformation by assuming an elliptic deformation of the walls of the gallery. Then the convergence law proposed by Sulem et al. (Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 24(3):145–154, 1987a), which is extended to account for anisotropic closure, is fitted on the displacements along the two axes of the obtained ellipse. This procedure is more robust and relevant than fitting the convergence recorded on the most deforming segment or fitting the average value of the convergence along the various segments. An attempt is made to correlate the amount and the direction of anisotropic deformation with the lithology and some geological features described by the dominant discontinuity families. 相似文献
28.
In the linear seismic design of buildings, the (deterministic) substructure method is a customary and efficient approach. However, the existence of spatial variability in the parameters of the mechanical model of the soil, as well as parametric errors, calls for the use of probabilistic approaches in order to provide a reliable design of the structure. The construction of probabilistic models of the soil impedance matrix provides a natural path to such approaches within the context of the substructure method. Two main techniques are described in this paper: a parametric one, typically using the stochastic finite element method, and a nonparametric one, which was introduced more recently. The latter is explored more specifically, and the possibilities it offers in terms of seismic design are presented. In particular, it is shown that it allows for the estimation of quantiles of the quantities of interest, rather than confidence intervals, which lead to highly conservative design. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
29.
30.
Véronique Lavastre Corinne Le Gal La Salle Jean-Luc Michelot Sophie Giannesini Lucilla Benedetti Joël Lancelot Bernard Lavielle Marc Massault Bertrand Thomas Eric Gilabert Didier Bourlès Norbert Clauer Pierre Agrinier 《Applied Geochemistry》2010
Groundwaters from the Tithonian/Kimmeridgian, Oxfordian and Upper Dogger aquifers, within the eastern part of the Paris basin (France), were characterised using 3H, 14C and 36Cl, and noble gases tracers, to evaluate their residence times and determine their recharge period. This information is an important prerequisite to evaluating the confinement properties of the Callovo-Oxfordian clay formation sandwiched between the Oxfordian aquifer and the Dogger aquifer, currently being investigated by the French nuclear waste management agency (Andra) for radioactive waste disposal. Data presented in this paper are used to test 4 hypotheses. 相似文献