太湖平原碟形洼地沉积物记录的距今8000年以来植被、气候与地貌演变

利用DGY孔沉积物的岩性、粒度及孢粉分析资料,探讨了太湖平原碟形洼地沉积物记录的8000年以来植被演化、气候波动,流域地貌环境的演变及其对海平面波动的响应。孢粉记录表明:本区距今8000~5000年木本植被由以落叶阔叶乔木和针叶乔木为主变为落叶阔叶乔木和常绿阔叶乔木为主,气候由温和略干转为暖热湿润;距今5000~4000年森林退缩,气候温和偏干;距今4000年左右出现低温事件;距今4000~3,000年木本植被以常绿阔叶乔木为主,气候温暖湿润;距今3000年以来木本植被主要为常绿阔叶乔木、落叶阔叶乔木和针叶乔木,气候总体温暖湿润,有波动变凉干趋势。岩性、粒度及孢粉记录综合显示本区距今8000~5000年发育潟湖相泥质粉砂,反映流域环境开放、与海连通;距今5000~4000年发育淡水沼泽,未受海水作用,反映水域缩小、流域环境封闭;距今4000~3000年水域扩大,并出现海水倒灌,反映内低外高的碟形洼地已经形成;距今3000年以来,发育湖沼平原,发生数次海水倒灌,反映碟形洼地地貌的进一步发育。     

赣南大吉山花岗岩成岩与钨矿成矿年龄的研究

大吉山是赣南著名的钨—铌钽矿床,多年以来,由于受测试技术的限制,对该矿床的成矿年龄以及与成矿有关的大吉山花岗岩的成岩年龄缺乏系统和精确的研究。本文利用单颗粒锆石U-Pb同位素方法对大吉山补体花岗岩(铌—钽矿体的母岩)进行了成岩年龄测定,获得其侵位年龄为151.7±1.6Ma;利用快中子活化法对大吉山钨矿主矿脉中的云母进行了40Ar/39Ar地质年龄测定,获得了大吉山钨矿主矿脉的成矿年龄为144Ma和147Ma。根据这套数据,结合钨矿主矿脉、铌钽矿化和大吉山主体、补体花岗岩的空间产状,对它们的形成顺序进行了讨论。大吉山的花岗岩成岩与钨矿成矿年龄数据表明,它们是华南燕山中期陆壳重熔型花岗岩岩浆活动及相关的中生代第二次大规模成矿作用的产物。     

A Study on the Mesoscale Convective Systems during the Summer Monsoon Onset over the South China Sea in 1998Part I: Analysis of Large-Scale Fields for Occurrence and Development of the Mesoscale Convective Systems

1. Introduction China is located in the East Asian monsoon re- gion. Every year's weather and climate in this region is deeply affected by the monsoon activities. Es- pecially, during flooding season (May to September), the summer monsoon controls large-scale precipitation patterns, the movement of seasonal rain belt and oc- currence of drought/flood disasters. The Asian mon- soon can be divided into two systems (Tao and Chen, 1987). As a major component and its unique location, the South …     

扬子地台灯影组碳酸盐岩中的硫和碳同位素记录

扬子地区灯影组的海相碳酸盐岩地层不仅记录了当时海水的碳同位素变化，也保存了海水的硫同位素记录，能够通过测定所提取的微量硫酸盐的硫同位素组成来获得。灯影组碳酸盐岩中微量硫酸盐的δ^34S值大部分在 20.0‰～ 38．7‰之间变化，碳酸盐岩的δ^13C值变化在 0．5‰～ 5．0‰之间。除灯影组顶、底界线处外，δ^34S和δ^13C值总体上变化幅度较小，大体上呈逐渐降低的变化趋势。灯影组碳酸盐岩中连续的硫、碳同位素记录分别反映了同期海水中溶解硫酸盐和碳酸盐的硫、碳同位素的变化特征。灯影组微量硫酸盐和碳酸盐岩的同位素特征，意味着灯影期海洋中具有高的生物产率和有机碳埋藏速率；除了顶底界线处，具有相对稳定的古气候条件和古海洋环境。灯影期海水的δ^34S值和δ^13C值同时呈逐渐降低的变化趋势，可能是由海洋深部水体逐渐氧化所致。     

低序次韧性断裂的负反转构造研究

赣湘地区的变质核杂岩和变质穹窿构造中，晚期脆性断裂与早期低序次韧性构造间存在着明显的相关联系。这是由于韧性断裂中的面理(S2)，经劈理、节理多次转化，由压性构造转化为张性构造并形成伸展型的脆性断裂。其演化机制在宏观上是碰撞造山形变后期的引张作用；微观上是岩石物体加工硬化的方向性等缘故。并综合分析了在荷载、边界变化的条件下，应力、应变在宏-微观上的重新分配(partitioning)，导致低序次韧性构造向脆性断裂负反转的必然趋势。这方面的研究，不论在资源或是环境地质调查中均有实践意义。     

考虑海面温度初值和边界值影响的区域月数值预报结果分析

运用中国区域气候模式对1996年6月进行了一个月的区域性月预报的初步试验,并进一步研究了海表温度场(SST)变化和单向嵌套时的初值和边界条件变化对区域性月预报影响的试验。     

WAVE-MEAN FLOW INTERACTION AND FORMATION OF BLOCKING——PERSISTENT ANOMALOUS WEATHER IN CHINA IN THE SUMMER OF 1980

In the summer of 1980,serious persistent abnormal weather occurred over vast areas in China.While record-break-ing cold and flood were observed in the reaches of the Changjiang and Huaihe Rivers,severe hot wave and drought dom-inated the entire northern China.The long-lasting disastrous weather is mainly due to the stable development and main-tenance of blocking anticyclone over the northeastern Asia.This study aims at the understanding of the roles oftime-varying weather system transport in the formation of the blocking.It was shown that during this period,there appeared continuous generation of synoptic-scale perturbations alongthe strong baroclinic zone over Europe and the western Asia.While such perturbations propagated eastward,energyconversion occurred.At equivalent barotropic layer,with weak dissipation,such energy conversion was subjected to theso-called bi-directional principle:while the energy of the synoptic-scale system cascaded to smaller scale system,amuch larger portion was transferred to the blocking system with larger scale.Potential vorticity diagnoses also revealedthat the transient weather systems played the roles of maintaining the mean anticyclonic vorticity to the south,and meancyclonic vorticity to the north,of the westerly jet,and exciting strong anticyclonic vorticity growth and correspondinggeopotential height increase in high latitude area downstream of the westerly diffluence region.The research also showed that,the intensity of the forcing of the blocking formation via wave-mean flowinteraction in this Asian case was much stronger than that occurring in the western Europe in the summer of 1976.It wastherefore concluded that when persistent abnormal weather in the northern China was studied,in addition to thesubtropical weather systems,attention should also be drawn to the development of baroclinic zone over Europe and thewestern Asia,and the propagation and transfer properties of the synoptic systems embedded in the baroclinic zone.     

利用GPS观测资料划分现今地壳活动块体的方法

利用GPS观测资料研究地球动力学问题是目前地学中的热点。利用GPS观测的速率(或位移)计算网格点附近小区域的应变张量和转动的欧拉极．再运用聚类分析法对计算的欧拉极进行分类，由此划分出地壳活动的次级块体。最后以中国大陆GPS观测结果为例，将中国大陆划分为9个活动块体，通过比较发现，所得结果与目前其他方法给出的结果大体一致。     

INTERRELATION BETWEEN EAST-ASIAN WINTER MONSOON AND INDIAN/PACIFIC SST WITH THE INTERDECADAL VARIATION

Investigated statistically is the interrelation between East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and SST over sensitive areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans.with focus on the relation of EAWMto strong ENSO signal area.i.e.,the equatorial eastern Pacific(EEP)SST.Evidence suggeststhat the EAWM variation is intimately associated not only with the EEP SST but with theequatorial western Pacific“warm pool”and equatorial Indian/northwestern Pacific Kuroshio SSTas well:the EAWM and ENSO interact strongly with each other on the interannual time scales,exhibiting pronounced interdecadal variation mainly under the joint effect of the monsoon QBO andthe monsoon/SST background field features on an interdecadal basis—when both fields are in thesame phase(anti-phase).strong EAWM contributes to EEP SST rise(drop)in the followingwinter,corresponding to a warm(cold)ENSO cycle;the EAWM QBO causes ENSO cycle to bestrong phase-locked with seasonal variation,making the EEP SST rise lasting from April—May toMay—June of the next year,which plays an important role in maintaining a warm ENSO phase.     

On the Mechanism of Transformation fromPrimary Ores into Oxidized Ores in FinelyDisseminated Gold Deposits

This paper, taking the finely disseminated gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou and northwestern Guangxi as examples, discusses the difference between the occurrence of primary ores and that of oxidized ores, analyzes the occurrence mechanism in terms of crystallochemistry and geochemistry, and especially studies the chemical model for supergene leaching transformation of clay minerals in the two types of ores. This study proposes a new idea for dressing and smelting technology for primary gold ores.