二色裂江珧EST和SOD同工酶组织特异性研究

取二色裂江珧 (Pinna bicolor)的消化盲囊、肾脏、后闭壳肌肌肉、外套膜和鳃等 5种组织 ,用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对酯酶 (EST)和过氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)同工酶在上述组织中的表达和分布进行了比较研究 ,并对酶谱表型及位点表达进行了分析。结果表明 ,二色裂江珧组织内的 EST和 SOD存在不同程度的组织特异性 ,EST共检测出 15条酶带 ,SOD检测出 8条酶带 ,且两种同工酶在消化盲囊中活性最高。推测 SOD由 2个座位编码 ,可分为 s- SOD二聚体和 m- SOD四聚体     

Risk assessment of maize drought disaster in southwest China using the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model

The East Asian monsoon has a tremendous impact on agricultural production in China. An assessment of the risk of drought disaster in maize-producing regions is therefore important in ensuring a reduction in such disasters and an increase in food security. A risk assessment model, EPIC(Environmental Policy Integrated Climate) model, for maize drought disasters based on the Erosion Productivity Impact Calculator crop model is proposed for areas with the topographic characteristics of the mountainous karst region in southwest China. This region has one of the highest levels of environmental degradation in China. The results showed that the hazard risk level for the maize zone of southwest China is generally high. Most hazard index values were between 0.4 and 0.5,accounting for 47.32% of total study area. However,the risk level for drought loss was low. Most of the loss rate was 0.1, accounting for 96.24% of the total study area. The three high-risk areas were mainlydistributed in the parallel ridge–valley areas in the east of Sichuan Province, the West Mountain area of Guizhou Province, and the south of Yunnan Province.These results provide a scientific basis and support for the reduction of agricultural drought disasters and an increase in food security in the southwest China maize zone.     

Damming of large river by debris flow: Dynamic process and particle composition

The frequency and extent of debris flows have increased tremendously due to the extreme weather and the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008. Previous studies focused on the debris flow from gullies damming the mountain streams. In this paper, an equation for the run-out distance of debris flow in the main river is proposed based on the dynamic equation of debris flow at different slopes given by Takahashi. By undertaking field investigations and flume experiments, a new calculation method of the volume of debris flow damming large river is obtained. Using the percolation theory and the renormalization group theory it was deduced that the large particles should comprise more than 50% for forming a stable debris flow dam. Hence, the criteria of damming large river by debris flow is presented in terms of run-out distance and grain composition which was then validated through the event of damming river by debris flow at Gaojia gully, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, Sichuan, China, on July 3, 2011.     

Phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes in the southern Yellow Sea: Benthic foraminiferal evidence from core C02

Assemblages of benthic foraminifera in a sediment core (C02) near the western margin of the southern Yellow Sea Mud were studied to decipher the phase evolution of Holocene paleoenvironmental changes associated with the Holocene marine transgression. It appears that during the early Holocene (11.2–10.1 kyr BP), the faunal was dominated by low salinity and shallow water species Cribrononion subincertum, Buccella frigida and Ammonia beccarii, reflecting a near coast depositional environment. A rapid increase of the relative abundance of Ammonia compressiuscula between 10.1–9.3 kyr BP indicates that the sea level rose rapidly during that time period. From 9.3–7.7 kyr BP, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage was dominated by high percentage of A. compressiscula, suggesting that the sea level was relatively stable. An obvious transition of benthic foraminifera, from the A. compressiuscula-dominated assemblage to an Ammonia ketienziensis-dominated assemblage, occurred between 7.7–6.2 kyr BP, possibly corresponding to a second sea level rapid rise period in the Yellow Sea during the Holocene. This transition may correspond to the gradually strengthened Yellow Sea warm current (YSWC) and finally is established the modern-type circulation in the Yellow Sea. It may also mark the formation of the Yellow Sea cold bottom water (YSCBW) during that period. Since then, the benthic foraminiferal assemblage based on core C02 was dominated by typical YSCBW species, A. ketienziensis, Astrononion italicum and Hanzawaia nipponica, at 6.2–4 kyr BP. A non-deposition period occurred since ～4 kyr BP, which possibly related to the hydrology changes caused by the East Asia monsoon. The two obvious benthic foraminiferal transitions recorded in core C02 during the early and middle Holocene provide evidence that the Yellow Sea has undergone a two-phase rapid sea level rise during the Holocene marine transgression.     

鄂尔多斯盆地泾川地区三叠系延长组烃源岩特征及其沉积环境

泾川地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘,烃源岩发育情况尚不明确。通过野外地质调查和钻井岩心观察,结合烃源岩测试及元素地球化学资料,对长10—长7烃源岩进行评价,在环境分析的基础上研究影响烃源岩发育的主要因素。结果表明：研究区延长组烃源岩以长73泥页岩为最好,有机质类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1为主,TOC为 0.42%～29%;长10—长7泥岩有机质以Ⅱ2型为主,平均TOC含量低于 2%;Ro为 0.47%～1.08%,有机质基本已成熟。长10—长7烃源岩形成于温暖潮湿的环境,弱还原弱氧化的淡水介质条件,水深相对较浅。古生产力、沉积速率及水介质环境影响烃源岩发育。热水活动促进了古生物的繁盛,P、Cu含量及 P/Ti值越高,有机质 TOC含量越高。（La/Yb）N值越高,沉积速率越低,有机质越富集。Cu/Zn值越高,V/Cr值越高,Th/U值越低,水体还原性越好,有机质丰度越高。总之,热水活动提高了古生产力水平,相对较低的沉积速率有利于有机质的富集,还原性较强的水介质条件可使有机质得到良好的保存。陇县一带烃源岩因受陆源植物输入的影响,且形成环境不利,烃源岩品质相对较差。     

共和盆地黏土矿物与孢粉记录的末次冰消期以来的气候环境相位差

在青藏高原北缘共和盆地达连海钻取了40.92 m沉积柱,其¹⁴C年代有10个控制点,底部年龄最大值为14.5 cal ka BP,沉积柱为末次冰消期以来的湖泊沉积物。在沉积柱中按20 cm/70 a分辨率选出200个样品进行了黏土矿物、粒度、碳酸盐、沉积速率等非生物指标与生物指标的孢粉等多项指标的综合分析。结果表明：末次冰消期以来,达连海沉积柱中非生物指标与生物指标反映的气候和环境变化阶段的显著性不同,反映的气候环境的变化阶段也不尽一致,出现气候环境的相位差。冰消期黏土矿物非生物指标与孢粉生物指标有约1.0~1.2 ka的相位差;早、中全新世黏土矿物反映的气候变化时段较孢粉指标指示的时段滞后约1.0 ka;在晚全新世黏土矿物反映的气候变化较孢粉滞后约0.1 ka。造成黏土矿物和孢粉反映气候环境相位差的原因是孢粉和黏土矿物对气候响应的差异性、黏土矿物和孢粉搬运方式的不同、气候条件及其转换、地貌等多因素的综合影响。     

基于CiteSpace中国海洋经济研究的知识图谱分析

利用CiteSpace可视化文献分析工具对1982~2013年CNKI总库中文核心期刊以及CSSCI中文社会科学引文数据库中海洋经济研究的3 441篇相关文献进行分析,绘制出研究热点、核心作者群及研究机构的知识结构图谱。结果表明：自中国海洋经济研究会成立以来,中国海洋经济研究主要围绕 “海洋经济”、“海洋产业”、“可持续发展”、“海洋资源”、“海洋开发”、“滨海旅游”等展开;韩增林、张耀光、郑贵斌、殷克东、李靖宇、徐志斌等是主要的发文作者;国家海洋局、中国海洋大学、辽宁师范大学和广东海洋大学为发文较多的机构;《海洋开发与管理》是海洋经济相关研究载文量最多的期刊,《经济地理》、《中国人口·资源与环境》、《地域研究与开发》、《资源科学》等是主要的载文核心期刊。除了传统的海洋经济研究视角下,区域海洋经济差异、海洋产业结构与布局及优化、海洋产业竞争力、海洋产业集群、现代海洋产业、海洋资源开发利用的可持续、人海关系的脆弱性、滨海旅游等的研究外,在新的国际和国内形势下,海洋经济相关理论、战略性新兴海洋产业研究、海洋经济可持续发展研究、及“一路一带”战略对海洋经济相关研究的新要求也是需要重点关注的方面。     

GPU accelerated marine data visualization method

The study of marine data visualization is of great value. Marine data, due to its large scale, random variation and multiresolution in nature, are hard to be visualized and analyzed. Nowadays, constructing an ocean model and visualizing model results have become some of the most important research topics of ‘Digital Ocean'. In this paper, a spherical ray casting method is developed to improve the traditional ray-casting algorithm and to make efficient use of GPUs. Aiming at the ocean current data, a 3D view-dependent line integral convolution method is used, in which the spatial frequency is adapted according to the distance from a camera. The study is based on a 3D virtual reality and visualization engine, namely the VV-Ocean. Some interactive operations are also provided to highlight the interesting structures and the characteristics of volumetric data. Finally, the marine data gathered in the East China Sea are displayed and analyzed. The results show that the method meets the requirements of real-time and interactive rendering.     

地层证据--对大别造山带汇聚历史的制约

大别造山带的汇聚演化历史一直存在不同的认识,来自扬子陆块和华北陆块显生宙以来的地层记录以及北淮阳地区的地层记录可能为两个陆块的汇聚模式提供制约。通过对扬子陆块与华北陆块显生宙以来岩相古地理进行比较,其中3个阶段相似, 2个阶段差别很大。以浊积岩发育作为俯冲阶段的标志,磨拉石建造出现作为闭合的标志,显生宙以来,大别造山带曾经历了两次俯冲和两次汇聚,俯冲时间分别是晚奥陶世—早志留世和早三叠世,汇聚的时间分别为中 晚泥盆世和中三叠世,早期的汇聚具有软碰撞特征,以上认知得到了北淮阳地区地层、古生物和沉积记录的支持,同时也与大别山造山带榴辉岩的同位素年龄数据基本吻合。高压 超高压变质岩在晚三叠世处于快速折返阶段,早侏罗世以前到达地表,其平均折返隆升速率为39～66mm/a。     

STUDY ON BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SELENIUM-ENRICHED MUSSEL EXTRACT

ThisworksupportedbytheScienceandTechnologyCommitteeofShandongProvince.Grant(95)50.INTRODUCTIONManyinvestigationsindicatalthatsupplementation0fsuitableseleniumleveIstolowordefidentinseleniumdietcanpreventoccurrenceofvarioustumots(Chen,l990),enhanceorganisminimneability(Wu,l992),maintainthenormalfunCtion0fheart,liv-er,lungandstomach(Schwarzetal,l957),andisgoodpareuti0nsagainstcardiovascularandcerebrovascu1arproblemsinoldpeople.Seleniumisanessentialtraeeelernentfornonnalhumanlife(Balassa…