柴达木盆地自然伽玛曲线与古里雅冰芯记录的末次间冰期以来气候环 …

采用柴达木盆地达参１井井自然伽玛（ＧＲ）曲线进行古气候反演,分析了ＧＲ曲线记录的末次间冰期以来的环境变迁过程,表明ＧＲ曲线忠实地记录了构造运动及气候变化的影响,与古里雅产,格陵兰冰芯所记录的气候事件均能均较好对应,表明柴达木盆地同时包含了高原隆升和全球性气候变化的信息,是反映古气候变化良好的信息载体之一,是反映内陆干旱盆地环境与气候变化良好的代用指标。     

Analysis on Marine Science and Technology Strategy and Key Layout of Japan and the Inspirations to China

The Basic Ocean Law (BOL) and Basic Ocean Plan (BLP) are important guarantee for the maritime strategy of Japan, which has established a complete policy system for the development of marine science and technology. On the other hand, the Japanese Government has started some major marine strategies and plans to promote the BLP. In this paper, the marine science and technology plans launched by the Japanese Government and its participation in the international cooperative research projects were introduced. The research of Japan Marine Science and Technology Center and the University of Tokyo Institute of Oceanography in the long-term planning and focus on the layout features, deep sea research technology layout, contents and advanced equipment were analyzed. At last, some recommendations for China’s development on marine science and technology were proposed, such as strengthening the legislation work and process, carrying out research and development of marine infrastructure with independent intellectual property rights, actively participating in international large-scale ocean plan, improving the discourse right and enhancing national maritime awareness and suggestions and so on.     

焉耆盆地侏罗系低渗透储层敏感性评价

焉耆盆地侏罗系具近物源沉积特点，储层成分成熟度和结构成熟度均较低，粘土矿物含量高，物性较差，属低渗透储层。“五敏”实验结果表明，储层均表现为强水敏特征，物性相对较好的储层还表现出强盐敏和中等偏弱速敏、碱敏等敏感性特征，盐酸对储层具有一定程度的改善，并进一步探讨钻探施工过程中油层保护的措施及应用效果。     

两种薄层弹性参数多波联合反演的对比

针对薄层及多波联合反演两大研究热点,以薄层频率域反、透射系数为基础,建立了两类薄煤层模型——强阻抗和低阻抗差异薄层,并对其分别进行单纯P波、S波及PP波与PS波联合反演。利用反演结果及误差分析,对比了单种波反演和联合反演的效果,从模型反演数据证实了对于薄层而言,PP波和PS波联合反演比P波或者S波单纯反演具有更好的效果。     

花岗岩定位机制研究进展

近20年来，由于新理论、新方法和新技术的引入，使花岗岩定位机制的研究取得了很大进展，具体表现在复合定位机制的提出，定位机制控制因素的多样性，研究方法的更新等方面。在花岗质岩浆上升定位过程中，不仅肯定了浮力等作用的重要性，而且特别强调了构造通道、构造空间和构造应力作用方式的重要地位。花岗岩体构造研究的新进展，也为花岗地质岩浆的生成、运移、定位以及构造变形等一系列问题的解决提供了新的思路和有效的方法。     

LOQUAT: an open-source GPU-accelerated SPH solver for geotechnical modeling

Acta Geotechnica - Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a meshless method gaining popularity recently in geotechnical modeling. It is suitable to solve problems involving large deformation,...     

Development of efficiently coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical model to predict hydraulic fracture morphology in heavy oil reservoirs

The aim of the study involves examining the effect of heavy oil viscosity on fracture geometry in detail by establishing a heavy oil fracturing model and conventional fracturing model based on thermal–hydraulic–mechanical (THM) coupled theory, Walther viscosity model, and K–D–R temperature model. We consider viscosity and density within the heavy oil fracturing model as functions of pressure and temperature while that as constants within the conventional fracturing model. A heavy oil production well is set as an example to analyze the differences between the two models to account for the thermo-poro-elastic effect. The results show that temperature exhibits the most significant influence on the heavy oil viscosity while the influence of pressure is the least. In addition, a cooling area with a width of 0–1 m and varied length is generated near the fracture. The heavy oil viscosity increases sharply in this area, thereby indicating an area of viscosity increment. The heavy oil viscosity increases faster and is closer to wellbore, and a high viscosity increment reduces the mobility of the heavy oil and prevents the fracturing fluid from entering into the reservoir. The special viscosity distribution results in significant differences in pore pressure, oil saturation, and changing trends between these two models. In the heavy oil reservoir fracturing model, the thermal effect completely exceeds the influence of pore elasticity, and the values of the fracture length, width, and static pressure exceed those calculated in the conventional fracturing model. Thus, a comparison of the measured values indicates that the results obtained by considering viscosity as a function of temperature and pressure are more accurate. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to provide good guidelines for the design of heavy oil fracturing.     

江西长江河道演变及其对水患灾害形成的影响

对江西长江河道的演变特征进行了详细研究,基本查清了近代江西长江河道的发展演变历程。自清代以来未发生重大的变迁事件,但其也处于不断演变中,其演变主要表现在河道的冲淤作用,即岸线的冲刷侧蚀后退和边滩的淤胀,江心洲、心滩、浅滩的增生淤胀、消亡和移动,河道的淤塞等。为研究洪涝灾害成生背景、致灾作用,以及防灾治灾提供科学依据。     

中国西北现代气候变化事实与未来趋势展望

利用西北地区建站至2000年常规气象观测站资料及美国NCEP/NCAR再分析全球网格点资料,分析了西北地区现代气候变化的特点,揭示了西北地区气候由暖干转向暖湿的事实.在此基础上对未来几十年气候变化趋势作了初步估计.     

我国天然锌铜金属互化物的发现和特征

锌、铜金属互化物是罕见的天然合金矿物，由锌、铜两种元素组成。由于形成条件、环境不同及矿物中锌、铜元素含量不同，形成系列锌、铜金属互化物。经过对我国近二十年来发现的各类型天然锌、铜金属互化物产出的地质特征，物理、化学及光学性质进行的系统研究发现，目前我国在不同的地质体中出现多种不同类型的锌、铜金属互化物，该类矿物主要形成于高温、还原且缺硫的条件下，多数与造岩矿物共生，而与多数金属硫化物形成条件不同。