Structural,Kinematic and Geochronological Study of the Main Tianshan Shear Zone in the Borohoro Ranges,NW China

The western segment of the Main Tianshan shear zone (MTSZ) branches into three major dextral strike-slip shear zones in the Borohoro Ranges, northwestern China. Mylonitic rocks within these zones exhibit vertical foliations, subhorizontal lineations, and dextral kinematics. The microstructures and CPO patterns of calcite and quartz in the tectonites suggest shearing at temperatures of 200°C to 500°C or above. The amount of dextral displacement along the zones is less than 100 km. LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircons from some pre-kinematic granites gave ages of 364–325 Ma and 316 Ma, and zircons from a syn-kinematic leucogranite gave an age of 291 Ma. We propose that dextral shearing along the MTSZ started in the earliest Permian. Our data indicate that collision between the Yili and Junggar plates might have finished before 325 Ma or 316 Ma, with a tectonic transformation from 325 Ma to 300 Ma, resulting in intracontinental transpression from 300 Ma or 291 Ma. We suggest that the formation of the Kazakhstan orocline (KO) took place in two stages, with the early stage of bending driven by convergence related to oblique subduction, and the late stage possibly associated with lateral disarticulation as a result of the dextral strike-slip shear zones.     

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷断裂系统成因的砂箱实验研究及启示

北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷的断裂系统十分复杂,为了揭示其成因机制,在三维地震资料构造解析的基础上,应用砂箱物理模拟技术,对涠西南凹陷的形成机制进行了系统研究.结果表明,南北向的"不协调伸展作用实验模型"能够成功地模拟涠西南凹陷晚始新世以来复杂的断裂系统,断裂系统的主体特征在这一实验模型中均得到了很好的再现.涠两南凹陷复杂的断裂系统是在基底先1竽构造基础之上,在递进变形过程中逐渐形成的,其裂陷期(晚始新世一渐新世)断裂系统是在一个伸展期内形成(南北向伸展)、并非是多期构造叠加变形的结果.这一认识不但能够有效地指导涠西南凹陷三维地震资料的精细构造解释,同时也能够为南海周缘盆地的形成和演化研究提供借鉴.     

不同土地利用方式下的七里海湿地临界评价研究

在"湿地临界"概念的基础上,定性分析了湿地利用与保护的平衡状态,探讨了不同利用方式下的湿地临界的研究步骤,并从基于耕地和河蟹养殖地两种土地利用方式入手,对七里海湿地临界进行了评价。研究表明,通过建立湿地临界模型,从经济效益评价和生态效益的评估入手,对湿地资源利用与保护进行临界分析,可以较好的反映湿地利用的临界状态;采用该方法,七里海湿地耕地利用的年净收益为9 5941.42元/hm2,净损耗为18 072.75元/hm2,临界效益(△B)值为77 868.67元/hm2;养殖河蟹的年净效益为21 622.68元/hm2,净损耗为2 0274元/hm2,△B值为1 348.68元/hm2,说明在目前的社会经济发展水平下,耕地和养殖河蟹两种利用方式尚未超出开发利用的临界准则,七里海湿地仍然具有开发潜力。     

陕北榆林地区土地覆被变化分析

基于1981~2001 年NOVAA/AVHRR 和1998~2004 年SPOT VEGETATION 归一化植被 指数(NDVI) 数据, 对榆林地区植被动态变化进了定量研究, 并且利用多年气象数据分析了降水 和温度变化情况。结果表明: 榆林地区植被有了明显改善, 其改善状况集中于8、9、10 月份; 植被 覆被变化具有明显的区域差异, 北部植被覆盖改善的趋势明显, 且变化比较平稳; 南部增加趋势 不明显, 有的地方还呈下降趋势, 变化幅度大。     

陕西榆林地区的脱贫对策与制度创新

榆林地区是中国西部的贫困地区之一,目前仍有400000贫困人口,脱贫任务还很艰巨。造成本区贫困的主要原因是生态系统脆弱,经济系统低效,社会文化系统落后和政策体制不合理。提出的脱贫对策是通过小流域综合治理控制水土流失,调整扶贫的优先秩序,降低人口增长速度,立足综合资源优势提高经济效益,建立公平合理的政策体系。制度创新的关键在于给予地方政府矿产资源的部分所有权,荒地的长期使用和经营管理权,以及重视地方和农民的利益     

Elements and Element Components of the Rural Landscape in Linpan of Western Sichuan in Relation to Perception,Preference and Stress Recovery

Natural environments contribute to people’s perception, preference and health restoration. Many researchers have focused either on the positive effects of overall rural environments on stress recovery or concentrated on the perception and preference aspects of the rural landscape, but few have integrated perception, preference and stress recovery simultaneously. This paper developed a framework which includes 11 elements and 38 element components related to Linpan, China, and distributed it online as part of a survey. As a result, a total of 324 valid questionnaires were collected. The questionnaire included demographic details, perception and preference degree for Linpan, as well as self-estimations of stress recovery. Stepwise multiple linear regression was employed, and revealed 16 significant predictors for the perception, preference and stress recovery in rural environments. In terms of elements, atmosphere and imagery were the two elements that could be best perceived, while woodland, farmland, water, residence and road were the five most important elements for the preference. Moreover, seven elements were also identified as significant predictors for stress recovery. Among the element components, tranquility as well as road and water proximity were the two significant predictors for perception, while wide visibility as well as woodland and residence blending contributed significantly to stress recovery. The five element components of woodland interior, vegetable field, stream, courtyard space and branch road each had a significantly predictive ability for preference and stress recovery. These findings extend the understanding of the perception, preference and restorative properties of rural environments through the combination of elements and element components in Linpan of Western Sichuan, helping to improve the quality and characteristics of rural external and internal environments and create health-promoting environments.     

土地利用/覆被变化研究的实质分析 与进展评述

作为当前研究的前沿领域,LUCC研究所涉及的研究内容不仅丰富而且繁杂。本文从LUCC研究计划的根本目标出发,指出LUCC所研究的诸多科学问题之间存在着紧密的联系,其实质是因果关系,而且LUCC研究可以简单明了地归纳为三个研究构成环节（LUCC原因、LUCC状况和LUCC结果）和四个核心研究内容（LUCC驱动力与驱动机制、LUCC状况、LUCC效应研究与作用机制、LUCC模型模拟与土地可持续利用）,文章针对此四个方面的研究进展进行了综述。此外,作者对LUCC的研究趋势进行了展望,指出：LUCC研究的主要趋势是走向综合,LUCC的环境效应研究与LUCC微观机理与过程的研究是当前LUCC研究的两个热点,而研究尺度的综合和模型构建是LUCC研究的两大难点问题。     

一种基于三角分区的广域电离层改正新方法

根据中国地形分布难以建立格网模型的特点,为了解决我国区域电离层精确改正的问题,提出了广域电离层改正三角分区的方法。选择中国地震电离层监测实验网中纬度地区的5个监测站,建立覆盖我国中纬度整个网络服务区域的三角分区电离层模型,并利用8个基准站的数据对该方法的修正精度进行评估,结果表明,对于三角分区内部区域,该方法可以修正到90%左右;对于三角分区外部几百公里以内的区域该方法也能达到80%以上的修正精度,同时利用原始GNSS数据对美国、加拿大等4个IGS跟踪站进行补充实验也验证了该方法的可行性,在保证模型精度的同时较格网法更加简单、有效,对广域电离层延迟误差的修正具有重要的参考价值。     

2020年4月20日磁暴恢复相期间舌状中性结构的垂直变化

在发生于2020年4月20日的地磁暴恢复相阶段, GOLD(Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk)成像仪在第112天(day of year, DOY 112)中低纬地区观测到氧原子(O)和氮气分子(N₂)的柱密度比(ΣO/N₂)的舌状中性结构(TON).TON结构一般指发生于中高纬且形成于两个ΣO/N₂暴时衰减结构之间的ΣO/N₂增强结构.热层-电离层电动力学大气环流模式(Thermosphere-Ionosphere-Electrodynamics General Circulation Model, TIEGCM)定性地模拟再现了在本次磁暴恢复相期间观测到的ΣO/N₂增强结构, 并且发现这个结构在前一天(DOY 111)当地下午形成, 通过中性风的输运被逐渐耗散.模拟结果呈现了不同高度O/N₂的TON结构的垂直变化, 其强度和纬度范围有明显的高度依赖性, 并且随磁暴演化不断变化.诊断分析表明: 下沉流(downwelling)驱动的垂直输运首先导致较低纬(约30°N—70°N)O/N₂的增强, 然后通过极向风驱动的水平输运将其向更高纬地区输运.在中低热层(约120~300 km高度), 主导O/N₂的TON结构演化的中低纬极向风主要是由气压梯度力导致的, 同时科里奥利力对极向风也有一定的正贡献.而在约300 km高度以上的高热层, 极向风主要由气压梯度力和与其作用相反的垂直黏性力两项控制.