峰峰矿区建筑地基承载力经验公式的确定

在系统整理以往岩土工程勘察报告的基础上,利用本区第②层黄土状粉土的物理力学指标及载荷试验成果,通过三元一次方程得出第②层黄土状粉土的承载力的经验公式,该公式的建立对本区工程建设规划具有一定的指导意义。     

地形对安阳天气变化的影响

安阳位于太行山东侧，受太行山影响，西路冷空气影响时不易产生降水，东路冷空气由于受地形抬升影响，常产生降水。由于下沉增温作用，西路冷空气影响时降温不明显；由于太行山的阻挡作用，东路冷空气影响时，降温持续，如有降雪，则会出现连续低温天气。此外，安阳东、西风较少，偏南风最多，偏北风次之。     

驻马店极端气温分析

利用驻马店10个站气象资料,分析了极端温度的时间变化特征、高温天气与6-8月降水量之间的关系和极端晴热高温、极端湿热高温天气形成的天气背景及影响因子,确定了高温出现的前期预报指标。     

Deformation Mechanism and Stability of a Rocky Slope

A high slope is located on the side of the spillway at a hydropower station in Southwest China, which has some weak inter-layers inclining outwards. Parts of the slope show heavy weathering and unloading. There appeared deformation and tensile crack either on the surface or on the afteredge of the slope during excavation, and under a platform （elev. 488 m）, two levels of slopes collapsed on the downriver side. Based on the investigation in situ and the analysis of the geological structure, the conceptual model of deformation and failure mechanism was erected for this slope. Furthermore, the deformation characteristics were studied with FLAC^3D numerical simulation. Comprehensive analysis shows that the whole deformation of the slope is unloading rebound in certain depth scope and the whole body does not slide along any weak interlayer. In addition, two parts with prominent local deformation in the shallow layer of the slope show the models of ＂creep sfiding-tensile cracking＂ and ＂slidlng-tensile cracking＂, respectively. Based on the above analysis, the corresponding project of support and reinforcement is proposed to make the slope more stable.     

钻孔灌注桩桩底沉渣压浆处理研究与应用

对桩底沉渣产生的原因、沉渣对灌注桩承载能力的影响以及沉渣的处理作了简要分析,讨论了灌注桩桩底压浆工艺的作用机理。重点结合实际工程介绍了该技术,经检测表明,灌注桩桩底压浆技术的使用有效地处理了沉渣,提高了桩的承载能力。     

High Precision Time Domain Forward Modeling for Crosshole Electromagnetic Tomography

To improve the resolution of crosshole electromagnetic tomography, high precision of forward modeling is necessary. A pseudo-spectral time domain (PSTD) forward modeling was used to simulate electromagnetic wave propagation between two boreholes. The PSTD algorithm is based on the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method and uses the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm for spatial derivatives in Maxwell's equations. Besides having the strongpoint of the FDTD method, the calculation precision of the PSTD algorithm is higher than that of the FDTD method under the same calculation condition. The forward modeling using the PSTD method will play an important role in enhancing the resolution of crosshole electromagnetic tomography.     

Establishing the time of initial human occupation of Liang Bua, western Flores, Indonesia

Liang Bua, a limestone cave in western Flores, has an archaeological and faunal sequence known to span the last 95 ka and is the type-site for a small-bodied hominid species, Homo floresiensis. This paper describes the geomorphic history of this significant site, and presents numerical ages for key events as determined by thermoluminescence dating of sediments (using a dual-aliquot regenerative-dose protocol) and uranium-series dating of flowstones. Our age estimates indicate that Liang Bua existed as a subterranean chamber by 400 ka ago. It was subsequently exposed by the incision of the Wae Racang River, which invaded the cave around 190 ka and deposited an upward-fining sequence of water-rolled boulders and cobbles. The latter conglomerate was partially reworked around 130 ka ago and was capped by flowstones at 100 ka. The conglomerate also contains stone artefacts, which implies that the occupation of the surrounding area is at least as old as the time of emplacement of the conglomerate. After 190 ka, a complex sequence of erosion and deposition led to the accumulation of at least 11 m of sediment in the front chamber of the cave, which proved suitable for hominid occupation. Such geochronological and geomorphological information is extremely valuable for interpreting the archaeological record at Liang Bua and its wider significance.     

不同标度震级关系和台基影响问题探讨

利用近年中国数字地震台网观测报告中的中国及邻区地震目录资料,取能够同时计算面波震级MS和近震震级ML的地震,拟合出2种震级之间的关系,发现与过去使用30余年的换算公式存在系统差别。考虑现代化地震数字观测系统有动态范围大、频带宽、台站多、覆盖区域广、测定精度高的特点,由此拟合的关系应当更可靠。考虑不同误差因素统计面波震级MS和近震震级ML的关系表明,2种震级之间换算和不换算的差别并不大,因此建议MS和ML震级之间不换算为宜。分析地震台站的场地响应发现:一些基岩台的放大因子在1附近,场地响应不随频率变化;处于沉积土层的台站,放大因子在低频段大于1,高频段小于1;还有一些台站在某个频段范围大于1,或者小于1。另外,沉积土层台站的单台震级和台网平均震级差也随周期增大,呈现由负到正的增长趋势。看来并不存在固定的台站校正系数,因此不能把台站校正作为提高震级测定精度的方法。     

京津冀地区地下流体数字化观测数据完整率及其地震前兆监测有效性的调查与分析

在北京、天津、河北二市一省部分地区抽样调查了13口井水位、11口井水温、5口井气氡、2口井气汞、2口井氦气数字化观测现状,统计分析了其数据完整率及观测断记次数与数据缺失量;在调查观测数据断记及其原因的基础上,进一步统计分析了数据缺失的主要原因,分析了连续完整的数据系列在地震前兆监测中的有效性。研究结果表明,除了氦气之外,水位、水温、气氡与气汞4大主要测项的运行,总体上是正常的;但多数井多数测项存在断记与数据缺失的问题,其主要原因是仪器故障与运行不正常,其次是停电、通信线路故障与雷击,此外还存在原因不明的断记与缺数的问题;以井统计,约有1/2的水位与水温观测井可在地震中期与短临前兆中发挥作用,而气氡、气汞等化学量观测只在地震短临前兆监测中,约有一半的井有可能发挥一定效能。     

Seismic identification of channel sandbodies in the Fuyang oil layer in North Songliao Basin, China

The Fuyang oil-layer in North Songliao Basin is characterized by thin interbedded sands and shales, strong lateral variation, strong reservoir heterogeniety, and so on. The thickness of individual sand layers is generally 3 - 5 m. Identifying the channel sand-bodies of the Fuyang oil layer using seismic techniques is very difficult due to the low seismic resolution. Taking the GTZ area as an example, we discuss the genetic characteristics of the channel sand-bodies and point out the real difficulty in using seismic techniques to predict the channel sand-bodies. Two methods for the identification of channels are presented： frequency spectrum imaging and pre-stack azimuthal anisotropy. Identifying the channel sand-bodies in Fuyu oil-layer using the two seismic methods results in a success rate up to 80% compared with well data.