Beitrag zur quantitativen Analyse von Mineralphasen mittels Röntgendiffraktion

Zusammenfassung Bei der Durchführung quantitativer Gemenge-Analysen mit Hilfe der Röntgendiffraktionsmethode kann man den Massenschwächungskoeffizienten (^*) verwenden, den man bei der Röntgenfluoreszenzanalyse Röhrenhauptlinienverfahren vonSchroll-Stepon erhalten hat. Er wird von der Wellenlänge der Röntgenfluoreszenzstreustrahlung auf die Wellenlänge der Diffraktionsröhre transformiert. Ein Intensitäts-Konzentrationsdiagramm, in dem die Intensität der gewählten Diffraktionslinie durch das Produkt von Intensität und dem jeweiligen Wert von ^* ersetzt wird, ergibt eine allgemeingültige Eichgerade. Als Beispiel werden Messungen an Zweistoffsystemen wie Magnesit-Quarz, Albit-Quarz, Calcit-Quarz, Stilpnomelan-Quarz und Siderit-Quarz angeführt.Die vorgeschlagene Methode ist für kombinierte Diffraktions- und Röntgenfluoreszenzanalysen sehr zweckmäßig.

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Summary Applicating the quantitative X-ray-diffraction-analysis für mixtures of minerals the use of the mass absorption coefficient (^*) is possible, which is received by the X-ray-fluorescence-analysis of the same sample following the method proposed by the authors. The mass absorption coefficients must be transformed to the new wave length of the X-ray-diffraction tube. In the intensity-concentration-diagram the intensity is substituted by the product of intensity and mass absorption coefficient. An uniform standard line is received, as the measurement of quartz shows in the systems of two-substances, such as magnesite-quartz, albite-quartz, calcite-quartz, stilpnomelan-quartz and siderite-quartz.The proposed method is very useful for the combined X-ray-diffraction and X-ray fluorescence analysis.

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Mit 6 Textabbildungen     

Principles of tabling

The mechanism of concentration on the shaking table is discussed and a fresh attempt is made to obtain the theoretical model describing the velocity of a fluid in depth and time when in contact with a symmetrically reciprocating surface.The significance of the many design and operational variables and their interrelationships are examined. The various areas where the shaking table plays its role are then considered.The relevant features of micropanner, superpanner and the subsequent macropanner and pulsepanner are also treated since they all, like the shaking table, have the differential motion in common.     

Structural characteristics of zooplankton of the Shardarinskoe Reservoir and their use in water quality assessment

Data on the Shardarinskoe Reservoir are used to assess the indicator role of zooplankton community under unstable hydrological regime. The structural characteristics of zooplankton featured significant seasonal variations. The averaged indices characterized reservoir water quality at the level of mesotrophic and eutrophic water bodies. The possible use of cyclopidas to characterize toxic pollution of water is discussed.     

Fault structures and their geoelectric parameters in the epicentral zone of the 27 September 2003 Chuya earthquake (Gorny Altai) from resistivity data

This paper presents an integrated measurement technique based on DC methods (vertical electrical sounding, electrical resistivity tomography) which was used to identify faults and determine their geoelectric parameters in the western part of the Chuya basin. New information on the structure of the Chagan River valley located in the zone of the disastrous 27 September 2003 Chuya earthquake has been obtained from the results of these methods. Geoelectric cross-sections of the sedimentary sequence and the upper part of the basement were obtained from VES data, showing the block structure of the study area. Electrical resistivity tomography sections confirm the presence of a major fault between basement blocks of different heights and indicate the presence of faults bounding the valley on its right side and in the southwestern part.     

A sedimentation model of the maikop deposits of the Tuapse Basin in the Black Sea according to the results of 2-D and 3-D seismic surveys and field works in the Western Caucasus and Crimea

This work is based on the results of 2-D and 3-D surveys in the Tuapse Basin and field works in the Crimea-Caucasus region. Seven zones were outlined in the model of sedimentation starting from the eroded mountain structure of the Greater Caucasus down to deep water sediments of the Tuapse Basin. The slope and deep-water sediments of channels and fan complexes are characterized. Volume models of the sedimentation system in the Black Sea are shown for the first time.     

Temporal and spatial dynamical simulation of groundwater characteristics in Minqin Oasis

Application scope of geostatistics has been gradually extended from original geologic field to soil science and ecological field, etc. and its successful application results have been widely demonstrated. But little information is reported as to the direct use of geostatistical method to work out the distribu- tion map of groundwater characteristics. In this paper the semivariogram of geostatistics, in combina- tion with GIS, was used to quantitatively study the spatial variation characteristics of groundwater table depth and mineralization degree and their relation to the landuse changes. F test of the used spherical model reached a very significant level, and the theoretical model can well reflect the spatial structural characteristics of groundwater table depth and mineralization degree and achieve an ideal result. This shows that the application of the method in the dynamical simulation of groundwater is feasible. And this paper also provides useful reference for the application of geostatistics in the study of the dy- namical variations of groundwater resources in the oasis.