许氏平鲉群体耳石形态学比较

利用9个耳石形状指标:圆度、形态因子、环率、矩形趋近率、椭圆率、半径比、Feret比、幅形比、面密度对中国近海8个许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)群体共228尾个体的耳石形态进行单因子方差分析、判别分析、主成分分析等多元统计分析,并与傅里叶分析结果进行比较。单因子方差分析结果显示,丹东群体和日照群体的9个指标存在显著差异,荣成群体和胶南、青岛、乳山3个群体分别存在9个指标的显著差异,胶南群体和乳山群体存在9个指标差异不显著(P>0.05);第一主成分和第二主成分解释了约72%的形态差异;9个指标在判别分析中的综合判别正确率为64.9%。傅里叶分析结果显示综合判别正确率为43.8%,较第一种方法降低21.1%,9个主成分指标解释了89.2%的形态差异。多元统计分析及傅里叶分析结果均表明中国近海许氏平鲉群体之间形态差异不显著。     

多棘海盘车对太平洋牡蛎、紫贻贝、菲律宾蛤仔摄食选择性的研究

以多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)为试验对象,研究了多棘海盘车对3种双壳贝类的摄食选择性、摄食过程中用于搜寻和处理饵料生物的时间分配以及摄食机制等。试验以选择指数、捕食速率、日平均摄食率对多棘海盘车的摄食行为及搜寻和处理时间比进行了描述和统计。结果表明:各处理组多棘海盘车对菲律宾蛤仔的选择指数均为最高,占3种饵料生物的70%以上,显著高于太平洋牡蛎和紫贻贝(P<0.05),而各处理组对太平洋牡蛎的选择性均最低。多棘海盘车对菲律宾蛤仔的捕食速率和日平均摄食率显著高于太平洋牡蛎和紫贻贝。研究发现,在各处理组中多棘海盘车用于搜寻饵料生物的时间无显著差异,但随饵料密度的增加,用于处理饵料的时间逐渐减少。     

非点源污染研究中土壤溶解性无机氮的提取方法选择

用2M KCl溶液(5:1)、饱和CaSO4溶液(5:1)、0.01M CaCl₂溶液(20:1,100:1) 和去离子水(20:1,100:1)4种提取液、6种提取方式,采用Auto-analyzerⅢColorimeter (Bran Luebbe),水杨酸-次氯酸盐法和Griess-Ilosvay法测定并对比了北京地区4种天然土样的溶解性氨氮和硝态氮的含量。研究结果表明:溶解性硝态氮的测定结果不受提取液和水土比(小于100:1)的影响,而溶解性氨氮测定结果受影响较大。在非点源污染研究中,对于土壤中可向水体迁移的溶解性无机氮含量的测定,应根据来水水源特征和研究目的选择适宜的浸提剂和水土比。     

Profile of candidate microsatellite markers in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sebastiscus marmoratus</Emphasis> using 454 pyrosequencing

Sebastiscus marmoratus is an important sedentary ovoviparous fish distributed in near-shore coastal waters from the coast of China to Japan. Candidate S. marmoratus microsatellite markers were developed in the present study using 454 pyrosequencing, and the marker profile was analyzed. A total of 2 000 000 raw sequence reads were assembled to reduce redundancy. Among them, 1 043 dinucleotide, 925 trinucleotide, 692 tetranucleotide, and 315 pentanucleotide repeats were detected. AC repeats were the most frequent motifs among the dinucleotide repeats, and AAT was the most abundant among the trinucleotide repeats. AAAT, ATAG, and ATCC were the three most common tetranucleotide motifs, and AAGAT and AATAT were the most dominant pentanucleotide motifs. The greatest numbers of loci and potentially amplifiable loci were found in dinucleotide repeats, whereas trinucleotide repeats had the fewest. In summary, a wide range of candidate microsatellite markers were identified in the present study using a rapid and efficient 454 pyrosequencing approach.     

白洋淀地区土壤—植物系统中污染物含量与变化规律研究

本文调查了华北白洋淀地区典型污灌农田土壤中污染物含量及其在土壤－植物系统中分布和累积状况。结果表明，污灌区土壤中某些重金属含量有一定的累积趋势。     

白洋淀地区土壤——植物系统中污染物含量与变化规律研究

研究长期利用城市污水浇灌的农田土壤--植物系统中污染物的含量及其行为与归宿，不仅对农田生态系统的环境质量控制有重要意义[1],同时，还可以为合理发展污灌，实现污水资源化，促进农业生产的持续发展提供科学依据[2].本文调查了华北白洋淀地区典型污灌农田土壤中污染物含量及其在土壤--植物系统中分布和累积状况。结果表明，污灌区土壤中某些重金属含量有一定的累积趋势。目前，这些重金属对农田作物无明显危害，大部分累积在根部。加强科学管理和污灌指导，利用农田作为土地处理系统来消纳污水中耗氧有机物，是本地区近期可行的污水资源化途径之一。     

A new record of Sebastes koreanus from China based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding

A new record of Sebastes koreanus(Kim and Lee,1994) was documented based on morphological characters and DNA barcoding. Fifty-six S ebastes specimens were collected from the coastal waters of northern China. Samples were identified as S. koreanus based on morphological characters. The coloration and morphometric measurements were consistent with those described from specimens collected in South Korea. In this study,specimens had the following morphological characteristics:light brown body with dark stripes and tiny dark spots,4–5 wide indistinct vertical patterns on the side,2 radial stripes behind and below the eyes,1 large dark blotch on the opercle. Additionally,the following meristic characters were recorded:dorsal fin XIV-13,pectoral fin 16,anal fin III-6–7,pelvic fin I-5,lateral line scales 29–30,and vertebrae 26. The fragment of cytochrome oxidase subunit I(C OI) gene of mitochondrial DNA was sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. The mean genetic distance within the species was 0.3%. Net genetic distances between S. koreanus and other S ebastes species ranged from 3.1% to 7.6%,which was greater than the threshold for species delimitation. The phylogenetic analysis strongly supports the validity of S. koreanus in China at the genetic level. The origion,evolution,patterns of speciation and unique features in genome divergence among primate lineages of this species still need future directions of research.     

黄河三角洲斑尾复虾虎鱼渔业生物学的研究

以黄河三角洲调查资料为基础,介绍了该水域内斑尾复虾虎鱼的生态分布、群体组成、繁殖习性、饵料食性以及迁移行为等生物学特征.讨论了该鱼在黄河三角洲生态系统中的地位作用、渔业上的意义以及三角洲生境变迁与渔业可持续的前景等问题.     

烟台市福山区地籍信息系统建设简介

烟台市福山区地处胶东半岛，土地总面积483平方千米，耕地10630．42公顷。辖4个镇、2个街道办事处及1个高新技术产业区。     

日本绒螯蟹线粒体DNA序列研究I.12S rRNA

参考果蝇与蚤状