对2004年夏季鄂中一次区域性暴雨天气过程的分析

利用2004年7月16-19日不同时刻500hPa、700hPa、850hPa天气图资料及高空各层的散度、涡度、水汽通量散度等物理量场资料,对当年7月17-19日发生在湖北省中部的一次区域性暴雨天气过程进行了分析。结果表明：影响此次鄂中区域性暴雨的主要系统是西风槽、切变线及低空急流;低层辐合与高层辐散相配合产生强烈上升运动,引起对流不稳定能量释放,成为此次暴雨的触发条件;副热带高压适时东退,使西南暖湿气流源源不断输送暴雨所需的水汽,此次暴雨主要出现在有时流不稳定能量储存的高能区。     

EFFECT OF Fe~(2+) IONS ON POLARIZATION BEHAVIOR OF X60 STEEL IN CO_2 SATURATED SALTY WATER

The effects of ferrous ions on cathodic and anodic polarization behavior of the X60 steel in CO2 saturated salty water were studied by potentio - dynamic polarization method. The results show that the reducing current peak of cathodic polarization is affected significantly if FeCl2 is added to the salty solution of controlled pH, but not the anodic polarization. It is considered that the ferrous ions accelerate the formation of a protective ferrous carbonate film . Films formed by addition of ferrous ions and those formed by ferrous ions produced from steel corrosion have the same forming mechanism . The former can fully meet the formative condition of the film and can play the role of inhibitor .     

无机阴离子及溶解性有机质对程海化学需氧量测定值的影响

自2005年以来,程海水体的化学需氧量(COD)持续升高,而生化需氧量(BOD)却维持不变,高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))升高也较缓慢.为研究程海COD持续升高的原因,选取程海水体中具有代表性的无机阴离子(Cl~-、F~-、S~(2-)、HCO_3~-)和溶解性有机质(DOM)中不同浓度的胡敏酸(HA)、富里酸(FA)和商品化腐殖酸(SHA),研究其对COD和COD_(Mn)测定的影响,探讨Cl~-和DOM共同存在下对COD测定的影响.结果表明:程海水体中Cl~-浓度对COD存在显著影响,产生的COD值为5.42 mg/L,S~(2-)、F~-和HCO_3~-对COD影响较小;各离子对COD_(Mn)的影响很小;不同浓度梯度的HA、FA和SHA与COD测定结果呈显著线性相关,氧化1 mg C HA、FA和SHA所产生的COD值分别为2.164、1.964和2.362 mg;氧化1 mg C HA和FA所产生的COD_(Mn)值分别为0.646和0.344 mg;DOM对COD测定值的影响显著大于对COD_(Mn)测定值的影响;且一定浓度Cl~-的存在增强了FA与HA对COD测定的影响.该研究为进一步阐明程海COD逐步升高,COD_(Mn)值缓慢升高的内在原因奠定了基础.     

浅谈不同地质构造对煤与瓦斯突出的控制

地质构造对煤与瓦斯突出的控制通过对地应力的分布、瓦斯的保存以及软分层的发育而表现出来。压性构造有利于高地应力的生成、瓦斯的保存以及软分层的发育,从而有利于煤与瓦斯突出的发生;而张性构造则不利于煤与瓦斯突出的发生。此外,煤层围岩性质、煤层厚度和倾角对煤与瓦斯突出的发生也起到了一定的控制作用。     

黔桂地区深水相二叠系-三叠系界线附近黏土岩研究

对贵州断杉、纳水以及广西柳桥3条深水相剖面上的二叠系-三叠系界线附近黏土岩的研究结果表明,在断杉、柳桥剖面黏土岩中的黏土矿物主要由伊-蒙混层、蒙脱石和高岭石组成,碎屑物质中存在六方双锥石英、锆石等与火山活动有关的矿物;在纳水剖面黏土岩中未发现与火山活动有关的迹象.由此可知华南大部分地区在晚二叠世曾受强烈的火山作用影响,但也有少部分深水相地区未受影响或影响很小.同是深水相P-T界线剖面附近的黏土岩以及同一剖面不同层位的黏土岩中的黏土矿物和碎屑物质存在较大的差异,其原因可能是与火山作用的强弱、离火山活动中心的远近以及所处地理位置有关.     

中国省域间生态地租分异特征及其影响因素(英文)

Ecological land rent is the excess profit produced by resource scarcity, and is also an important indicator for measuring the social and economic effects of resource scarcity. This paper, by calculating the respective ecological land rents of all the provinces in China for the years 2002 and 2007, and with the assistance of the software programs ArcGIS and GeoDA, analyzes the spatial differentiation characteristics of ecological land rent; then, the influencing factors of ecological land rent differentiation among the provinces are examined using the methods of traditional regression and spatial correlation analysis. The following results were obtained: First, ecological land rent per unit of output in China shows stable distribution characteristics of being low in the southwestern and northeastern provinces, and high in Hebei and Henan provinces. There is also an increasing tendency in the central and western provinces, and a decreasing one in the eastern provinces. In general, the spatial distribution of ecological land rent per unit of output in China is quite scattered. Second, the total ecological land rent shows significant spatial aggregation characteristics, in particular the provinces in China possessing high total amounts of ecological land rent tend to be adjacent to one another, as do those with low total amounts, and the spatial difference characteristics of the eastern, central and western provinces are distinguished. The Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta are shown to be highly clustering regions of total ecological land rent, while the western provinces have very low ecological land rent in terms of total amount. Third, population distribution, economic level and industrial structure were all important influencing factors influencing ecological land rent differentiation among provinces in China. Furthermore, population density, urbanization level, economic density, per capita consumption level and GDP per capita were all shown to be positively related to total ecological land rent, which indicates that spatial clustering exists between ecological land rent and these factors. However, there was also a negative correlation between ecological land rent and agricultural output percentage, indicating that spatial scattering exists between ecological land rent and agricultural output percentage.     

伊宁凹陷煤系地层对深层地震反射波能量衰减机理分析

伊宁凹陷侏罗系以下油气勘探未获进展,其原因是侏罗系煤系地层与砂岩地层交互,煤层厚度大部分处在四分之一的地震波长,不仅层间多次波发育严重,而且目的层反射能量较弱.为此,本文基于薄煤系地层地震层间多次波反射和透射的频率特性,来定量分析煤系地层使深层地震反射能量弱的机理,并基于伊宁凹陷已钻探井及初勘地震剖面构制地质模型,采用双程波动方程照明分析方法,验证薄煤层内层间多次波对下伏地层反射能量的衰减,旨在为靶区资料处理阶段提高深层反射能量提供依据.     

资阳棉花生态气候分析

本文通过资阳棉花生育期间的光、温、水气候资源及棉花光合生产潜力的分析,提出了资阳市发展棉花产业的有利和不利气候问题,并针对大面积生产提出了需要注意和加强的有关工作及相应对策措施.