龙须菜果孢子的紫外诱变及优势突变体的筛选

用紫外线辐射处理野生型龙须菜果孢子体放散刚附着的果孢子,并通过耐高温的筛选,初步获得了2株具有耐高温,生长快速等优良性状的四分孢子体突变株,命名为BZT-11和BZT-18,将其与981和野生型藻株进行了比较分析。结果显示,这2株突变体在实验室内和海上的日平均生长速率为均明显高于981和野生型藻株。在热胁迫时间内,BZT-11和BZT-18的丙二醛(MDA)含量均明显低于野生型,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性明显高于野生型;而在整个胁迫过程中2株突变体与981藻株的MDA含量和SOD活性水平差异不显著。经过4h的热激后,藻株BZT-11和BZT-18的hsp70基因表达水平也显著高于野生型。这些结果进一步证明了该2株突变藻体的耐高温优势。本研究提供了耐高温突变体的筛选技术。     

Removal of eutrophication factors and heavy metal from a closed cultivation system using the macroalgae, Gracilaria sp. (Rhodophyta)

In this study,the ability of macroalgae Gracilaria sp.of removing eutrophication factors and toxic heavy metals Al,Cr,and Zn in a closed cultivation system is reported.The results show that the concentration of the three heavy metals decreased significantly during the experimental period in an algal biomass dependent manner.The biofiltration capacity of the alga for Al,Cr,and Zn is 10.1%-72.6%,52.5%-83.4% and 36.5%-91.7%,respectively.Using more materials resulted in stronger heavy metal removal.Additionally...     

Applications of immuno-magnetic bead and immunofluorescent flow cytometric techniques for the quantitative detection of HAB microalgae

Overthelastseveraldecades,harmfulalgalblooms(HABs)havebecomeaseriousenvironmental problem in many parts of the world. A rapid and accurate detection process for HAB algae has yet to be developed. Heterosigma akashiwo is one of the most important HABs species in China. The objective of this study was to develop an immunologic technique that can rapidly and sensitively count H. akashiwo cells. Five HABs species (Alexandrium catenella, Thalassiosira sp., Cryptomonas sp., Alexandrium tamarense and Symbiodinium sp.,) were used in this study to evaluate the analysis process we developed. A polyclonal antibody with high titers against H. akashiwo was obtained by injecting H. akashiwo cells into rabbits. Immuno-magnetic beads (IMB) were produced via conjugated polyclonal antibodies with magnetic beads and applied to isolate and count H. akashiwo cells from the culture. Results show that 66.7%-91.6% of the cells were captured from unialgal culture by IMBs, and only 5.3%-12.5% of the four other HAB microalgae species were captured, indicating that the constructed IMBs combined specifically with the H. akashiwo cells. At the same time, flow cytometry (FCM) sorting was exploited to screen H. akashiwo cells after labeling with FITC conjugated polyclonal antibodies. Using the FCM technique, 91.7% of the targeted cells were sorted out from mixed microalgae samples in just a few minutes. These results indicate that both antibody-involved IMB and antibody-based FCM techniques are highly effective at detecting and quantifying HAB species. These techniques, especially immuno-magnetic separation, have low associated cost, and are fast and simple processes compared with other techniques currently in use.     

盐穴储油（气）库水溶造腔管柱动力特性初探

针对盐穴储气库单井水溶造腔过程中管柱动力特性开展了初步探讨,认为造腔工程中,管柱在受限空间的自激振动和动力失稳是导致管柱发生严重弯曲或者破损的主要原因。初步分析了无空间约束条件下内外管柱的振动特性,得到了理想条件下管柱临界流速的计算式。计算表明,无约束条件下造腔管柱一般会由于液-固耦联振动而发生动力失稳,而且造腔内管一般会先于造腔外管发生失稳破坏。鉴于问题的重要性和复杂性,还对造腔管柱临界流速全面计算力学模型应考虑的诸因素进行了探讨,初步分析了管道轴力、液体压力、造腔循环方式、管道水平支撑,以及轴向水击和管道横向振动耦合的影响,为进一步结合工程实际开展空间约束条件下造腔管柱动力特性全面分析提出了建议。     

龙须菜配子体发育和不同品系四分孢子体四分孢子形成过程显微结构观察

龙须菜配子体和四分孢子体在生殖结构的形成和发育的过程中,出现一系列的细胞形态和结构层面的变化。本实验以龙须菜雌雄配子体和不同品系龙须菜四分孢子体为实验材料,采用连续徒手切片的方法,观察龙须菜配子体发育和不同品系四分孢子体四分孢子形成过程。观察到,雌雄配子体发育经过幼苗期、毛细胞期、性成熟期,幼苗期和毛细胞期雌雄配子体间无明显差异,进入性成熟期后,产生生殖结构时才能将其区分开。四分孢子起源于四分孢子体表皮层细胞,初始为鲜红色直径约5~10 μm的细胞,逐渐生长形成成熟的直径约20~25 μm的四分孢子囊,并分裂为4个四分孢子聚集在四分孢子囊中,在藻体外,四分孢子释放变形成球形,龙须菜四分孢子的形成和发育过程伴随着髓部细胞中红藻淀粉颗粒的减少。其中"981"龙须菜形成较多的畸形四分孢子,可能是其表现低育的一个原因。龙须菜自基部到尖端的表皮层细胞层数、髓部细胞数目和体积均发生连续的变化。细胞连接广泛存在于龙须菜表皮层、皮层和髓部细胞之间,但各层细胞连接大小、数目、长度等都存在差异。释放的四分孢子可能会附着在四分孢子体上,固着器覆盖包绕四分孢子体甚至侵入到破损有伤口的四分孢子体内,形成四分孢子体和配子体在同一株上的世代混杂现象,这也可能是导致龙须菜表现遗传复杂性的原因。     

海域岩石圈三维结构研究中地震方法的应用

岩石圈三维结构的研究,尤其是海域岩石圈三维结构的研究,需借助地球物理勘探手段.本文主要讨论南海海域岩石圈三维结构研究中所采用的几种地震勘探方法以及它们的应用效果,其中包括单船反射地震勘探、双船反射、折射地震勘探、海底地震接收以及地震层析成像等.     

琼北地区晚更新世射气岩浆喷发初步研究

琼北地区晚更新世射气岩浆喷发形成众多的低平火山口 ,出露典型的基浪堆积物 ,在火口垣露头上可清晰地观察到大型低角度交错层理、板状层理和波状层理以及远源相的球粒状增生火山砾。玄武质岩浆在上升过程中遇水爆炸形成低平火山口及基浪堆积 ,为认识琼北地区新生代以来的火山活动规律和琼北 -雷南地区的构造环境 ,以及未来火山灾害预测提供了重要的依据     

并列三喷嘴喷反钻具在水文水井钻探中的应用

本文首先从理论上对三喷嘴喷反钻具的结构和性能做了分析,然后通过其在实践中的使用效果,说明了三喷嘴喷反钴具有钻进效率高、泵给量调节范围广、水泵不易磨损等特点,是钻进硬、脆、碎地层的新型有效工具。     

锡铁山石一种高铁硫酸盐新矿物

锡铁山石由矿床所在地点一锡铁山命名的。锡矿山石于今年8月已被国际矿物学会新矿物和矿物命名委员会审查投票(19票赞成,1票反对,1票弃权)通过,正式定为新矿物。     

广东田洋古玛珥湖TY2孔基底岩芯的年龄探讨

田洋玛珥湖是雷州半岛东南部的一个洼地状旱玛珥湖,其连续、高分辨率的湖泊沉积物记录对于热带地区的古气候、古环境研究具有重要意义。1980年在湖盆中心钻取了长为224.82m(TY1孔)和22980m(TY2孔)的两个平行长钻,两孔相距约2m。除了最上部38m以内的冲-洪积沉积物及中部湖相沉积物外,222.4m(TY1)和224.4m(TY2)往下完全是湖盆基底玄武岩。因此,基底玄武岩的年龄就代表着火山喷发并随后开始形成田洋湖泊的极限年龄。