天津港土性相关距离的计算研究和统计分析

相关距离是随机场理论应用于实际工程可靠度分析的一个重要参数。根据随机场理论,对土性参数相关距离的计算方法进行了研究和改进,提出求解相关距离的波动函数法和加权拟合相关函数法,使相关距离的计算更加简便易行,且精度有所提高。结合大量工程地质勘察资料,对天津港地区典型土层的垂直向相关距离及水平向相关距离进行了计算和统计,获得相关距离的地区性代表值,可作为此地区实际工程的参考。同时,对取样间距及土性指标对相关距离的影响进行了分析,提出了当取样间距变化时相关距离的确定原则,并指出相关距离是反映土的空间固有变异性的基本属性,由不同土性指标求得的相关距离值基本相同。     

土工织物散体桩加固粉土路基机理研究

泗许高速公路地处淮北平原,该地区以粉土或粉细砂为主,在地震荷载作用下易于液化,公路建设应考虑抗液化措施。本文对土工织物散体桩的抗液化性能、复合地基承载力等进行研究,提出采用土工织物散体桩复合地基加固粉土路基的方法并对其加固机理进行分析。通过有限差分数值计算和现场试验两种方法,从超孔隙水压消散、承载力、桩土应力比、桩身应力等角度分析了土工织物散体桩加固粉土路基的加固机理,并提出土工织物散体桩优化设计的建议。     

天津地区地铁深基坑施工安全控制标准研究

软土地区的深基坑施工中,确定合理的基坑安全的控制标准至关重要。由于不可能通过现场的全比尺试验确定这一控制标准,为此以大量的工程实测数据为基础,准确确定模拟基坑施工过程的有限元分析模型和计算参数。通过数值模拟方法,实现对基坑破坏过程的研究。分别计算当基坑即将发生整体稳定破坏时,支护结构变形量与地表最大沉降量和坑深的比值,确定适合于天津地区地铁深基坑施工安全的控制标准。     

模袋固化土围埝地基排水固结过程的模拟分析

天津港南疆1号墩改造工程和北大防波堤西内堤一期围埝工程中,采用塑料排水板加固地基,成功的使用了水泥固化土模袋的施工工艺。把轴对称问题转换为平面应变问题进行分析,通过等效变换将排水板变换为连续的排水墙;同时考虑了模袋的加筋作用以及提高固化土凝聚力的作用,采用硬化模型模拟地基土体的固结过程。重点分析当地基中有排水板存在时,随上部逐级加荷,地基中心点沉降、加固区边缘的侧向变形以及中心点以下的孔隙水压力变化。分析结果与工程的实测数据吻合较好。     

软黏土蠕变模型参数的确定方法研究

土的蠕变问题进行数值分析一般都需要用黏弹塑性有限元的方法来求解,如何取参数是关键性的问题。软黏土的蠕变过程可能持续几十年甚至上百年的时间,而实验室中的实验一般只进行几个小时或者几天最多几个月的时间,因次,用短时间的实验数据来外推长时间范围的结果就显得非常重要。提出了利用实验数据估算软黏土蠕变模型有限元参数的方法,并利用黏弹塑性有限元程序计算天津港突堤蠕变问题的计算结果来分析模型参数的变动对蠕变问题的计算结果的影响。采用了所提出的参数分析和评价方法的黏弹塑性有限元系统被运用于多项工程计算中,取得了良好的效果。     

Soil Plug Effect Prediction and Pile Driveability Analysis for Large-Diameter Steel Piles in Ocean Engineering

Long steel piles with large diameters have been more widely used in the field of ocean engineering.Owing to the pile with a large diameter,soil plug development during pile driving has great influences on pile driveability and beating capacity.The response of soil plug developed inside the open-ended pipe pile during the dynamic condition of pile-driving is different from the response under the static condition of loading during service.This paper addresses the former aspect.A numerical procedure for soil plng effect prediction and pile driveability analysis is proposed and described.By taking into consideration of the pile dimension effect on side and tip resistance,this approach introduces a dimensional coefficient to the conventional static equilibrium equations for the plug differential unit and proposes an improved static equity method for the plug effect prediction.At the same time,this approach introduces a simplified model by use of one-dimensional stress wave equation to simulate the interaction between soft ping and pile inner wall.The proposed approach has been applied in practical engineering analyses.Results show that the calculated plug effect and pile driveability based on the proposed approach agree well with the observed data.     

Design Methods for Geotextile Tubes Application in Dike Construction

The technique of geotextile tubes used to construct dikes for land reclamation has been widely used. The tubes are usually filled with slun＇y of soil, such as sand, silt or clay. The tensile stress developed in the geotextile during filling the tube is the dominant factor for construction of a safe dike. The existing design methods are good for designing sausage shaped tubes and can not be directly applied for designing fiat tubes, which are commonly used in dike construction. This paper presents a procedure that can detenmine the relatiorrship among the tube size, the pumping pressure, the unit weight of the slurry, and the tensile stress developed in the geotextile during the tube filing. When the tubes are piling up to form the dike, the tubes in the bottom will sustain the load from the weight of the upper ones. A procedure is also developed to calculate the changes of the mechanical and geometrical behavior of the tubes under the load with a similar method. All these approaches have been programmed, which can help dike designers to select the suitable geotextile and determine the profile of the dike.     

结构性吹填软土流变等时曲线研究

软土普遍存在结构性,结构性影响土体各种力学行为。对天津滨海新区结构性吹填软土进行三轴流变试验,通过对比分析原状土与重塑土流变等时曲线发现,结构性吹填软土流变等时曲线可分离为线性粘弹性变形、线性粘塑性变形与非线性粘塑性变形。在应力小于结构屈服应力时,流变等时曲线线刚度大;超过结构屈服应力时,伴随着土结构的破损,流变等时曲线线刚度逐渐减小,最终趋于一定值,与重塑土接近。结构性对流变等时曲线的影响主要集中在线弹性阶段,进入塑性阶段后影响较小。     

软土路基“波浪型”不均匀沉降及其机制分析

在软土地基上修建道路,变形是控制道路质量和正常使用的主要因素。天津东疆港道路建立在经真空预压加固后的吹填土地基上,道路使用3 a后产生了严重的"波浪型"不均匀沉降,严重影响了车辆的行驶及人的生命安全。通过分析软土路基产生波浪变形的机制,提出了道路在建成后产生初始波浪变形,在车辆荷载作用下加剧了这种不均匀沉降的理念;建立了软土路基在波浪变形初值缺陷条件下的力学模型,通过力学分析与计算得出,在初始波浪变形条件下路基波谷受到比波峰大的车辆荷载;路基波峰与波谷处车辆动载大小的不同是加剧地基不均匀沉降变形的原因。提出利用土工格栅的加筋作用可减小不均匀沉降,通过有限元方法分析了该措施的加固效果。     

Umbilical cable recovery load analysis

Umbilical cable is a kind of integrated subsea cable widely used in the exploration and exploitation of oil and gas field. The severe ocean environment makes great challenges to umbilical maintenance and repair work. Damaged umbilical is usually recovered for the regular operation of the offshore production system. Analysis on cables in essence is a two-point boundary problem. The tension load at the mudline must be known first, and then the recovery load and recovery angle on the vessel can be solved by use of catenary equation. The recovery analysis also involves umbilical-soil interaction and becomes more complicated. Calculation methods for recovery load of the exposed and buried umbilical are established and the relationship between the position of touch down point and the recovery load as well as the recovery angle and recovery load are analyzed. The analysis results provide a theoretical reference for offshore on-deck operation.