FY-3A气象卫星红外分光计温度廓线模拟反演试验

为了考察风云三号(FY-3)气象卫星红外分光计的性能, 以该仪器初样阶段的光谱通道特征和仪器响应函数为基础, 进行大气温度垂直廓线模拟反演。选用红外分光计15 μmCO₂吸收带的不同通道组合进行模拟反演, 结果表明:总体上红外分光计具有较好的大气温度反演能力, 窗区通道8的加入可有效提高近地面层温度反演精度;利用迭代算法反演大气温度时, 初估廓线对反演精度影响较大, 初估廓线与真值愈接近, 反演精度愈高;现有仪器通道灵敏度设计指标可满足大气温度反演基本要求, 如仪器灵敏度降低, 反演精度也随之降低, 提高仪器灵敏度, 有利于提高仪器的使用效果。     

惠民凹陷古近系碎屑岩储层性质主控因素简析

惠民凹陷古近系砂岩储集层物性主要受压实、碳酸盐胶结和溶蚀作用、沉积条件控制.根据铸体薄片、阴极发光薄片、扫描电镜、物性和碳酸盐含量等数据,分析了该区储集层物性的控制因素,对各因素的影响大小和程度进行初步的定量评价.认为压实作用对孔隙度的影响主要表现在埋藏早期或碳酸盐胶结程度低的阶段,埋深每增加1000m孔隙度降低8%～9%;胶结作用对储集层性质影响与成岩演化阶段有关,成岩演化程度越高,胶结对物性的影响越大;溶蚀作用对储集层性质改善很大,产生的次生孔隙最大可达20%.溶蚀作用在宏观上受区域构造背景和生油洼陷平面位置控制,断层较发育和临近生油中心（临南洼陷）的南部斜坡带和中央隆起带溶蚀最发育.微观上溶蚀作用受岩石的粒度、分选及杂基含量控制,粒度越粗、分选越好、杂基越少的砂岩溶蚀作用越强.沉积条件对物性的影响主要表现在对原生孔隙的发育程度和对溶蚀、胶结等成岩作用的控制方面.     

基于ArcGIS的室内地图服务系统的设计与实现

随着室内建筑结构复杂度的增加,人们的室内活动变得越来越"迷茫",为了改变这种现状,方便快捷地为地图使用者提供各种室内地图服务,本文在对长江大学师生进行调研的基础上设计并开发出了基于Arc GIS的室内地图服务系统。系统采用Arc Map制作室内GIS矢量电子地图,Arc GIS Server发布地图服务,使用离线地图提高系统流畅性,并运用Indoor Atlas技术探索室内定位导航,实现了在大型复杂场馆内的地图服务。     

三门峡市短时暴雨预报方法

通过对三门峡市1997～2001年6～8月雷达资料及地面、高空气象资料统计分析,挑选出4个与短时暴雨相关性较好的预报因子,利用概率回归方法,建立了短时暴雨预报方程.     

LQ-98Ⅰ型气压表（计）检定软件结构及特点

LQ-98Ⅰ型气压表(计)自动检定系统的系统软件由数据库管理程序和系统控制程序组成,分别由Foxpro2．5及TurboPASCAL7．0语言设计。现已投入业务运行,实现了气压检定工作自动化。     

Impacts of a Large-scale Adaptive Blending Scheme for CMA-MESO on Regional Forecasts-A Case Study of Typhoon Haima

Large-scale atmospheric information plays an important role in the regional model for the forecasts of weather such as tropical cyclone (TC). However, it is difficult to be fully represented in regional models due to domain size and a lack of observation data, particularly at sea used in regional data assimilation. Blending analysis has been developed and implemented in regional models to reintroduce large-scale information from global model to regional analysis. Research of the impact of this large-scale blending scheme for the Global / Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System (CMA-MESO) regional model on TC forecasting is limited and this study attempts to further progress by examining the adaptivity of the blending scheme using the two-dimensional Discrete Cosine Transform (2D-DCT) filter on the model forecast of Typhoon Haima over Shenzhen, China in 2016 and considering various cut-off wavelengths. Results showed that the error of the 24-hour typhoon track forecast can be reduced to less than 25 km by applying the scale-dependent blending scheme, indicating that the blending analysis is effectively able to minimise the large-scale bias for the initial fields. The improvement of the wind forecast is more evident for u-wind component according to the reduced root mean square errors (RMSEs) by comparing the experiments with and without blending analysis. Furthermore, the higher equitable threat score (ETS) provided implications that the precipitation prediction skills were increased in the 24h forecast by improving the representation of the large-scale feature in the CMA-MESO analysis. Furthermore, significant differences of the track error forecast were found by applying the blending analysis with different cut-off wavelengths from 400 km to 1200 km and the track error can be reduced less than by 10 km with 400 km cut-off wavelength in the first 6h forecast. It highlighted that the blending scheme with dynamic cut-off wavelengths adapted to the development of different TC systems is necessary in order to optimally introduce and ingest the large-scale information from global model to the regional model for improving the TC forecast. In this paper, the methods and data applied in this study will be firstly introduced, before discussion of the results regarding the performance of the blending analysis and its impacts on the wind and precipitation forecast correspondingly, followed by the discussion of the effects of different blending scheme on TC forecasts and the conclusion section.     

南沙东北部海域礼乐盆地含油气组合静态地质要素分析

针对礼乐盆地含油气组合静态地质要素的分析表明，盆地内主要发育中生界、古新统一中始新统和下渐新统3套烃源岩，并以中、下两套源岩生烃潜力最好；砂岩、碳酸盐岩和生物礁是盆地的主要储层类型，砂岩储层在中、新生界内广泛发育，而碳酸盐岩和生物礁储层则主要发育于上渐新统一第四系；盆地总体上缺少广泛发育、封盖性能良好的区域性盖层，但局部性盖层发育，且封闭性能良好。盆地主要存在3套含油气组合：中生界含油气组合，这是盆地内较有远景的一套含油气组合；古近系含油气组合，这是盆地最主要的勘探目的层系；新近系含油气组合，该套组合在盆地中部隆起难以形成良好的油气组合关系，而在盆地坳陷区，尤其是南部坳陷则可形成良好的油气组合关系。     

沙尘气溶胶卫星遥感现状与需要关注的若干问题

沙尘暴是全球干旱、半干旱地区特有的一种灾害性天气,所产生的沙尘气溶胶是全球气溶胶系统重要组成部分,对全球环境、天气、气候和生态有复杂的影响。沙尘气溶胶作为一种吸收性气溶胶,对太阳辐射有着较强的吸收,还能通过加热大气、改变大气稳定度、蒸发云滴、减少云量等"半直接方式"影响气候。卫星遥感对沙尘气溶胶的监测具有独特的优势,是全球沙尘研究的重要手段。本文系统整理和介绍了目前常用的可见近红外、热红外、被动微波、紫外和主动激光测量等五类卫星遥感沙尘气溶胶的主要方法,在总结典型遥感仪器和主要产品基础上,讨论了遥感产品的定量精度和地面验证问题,结合辐射传输理论模拟了可见近红外和热红外的卫星观测,探讨了可见近红外遥感的地表反照率影响和热红外高光谱遥感的波段选择问题,最后对未来的一些研究重点进行了展望。