Preliminary genetic linkage map of the abalone Haliotis diversicolor Reeve

Haliotis diversicolor Reeve is one of the most important mollusks cultured in South China. Preliminary genetic linkage maps were constructed with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 2 596 AFLP markers were obtained from 28 primer combinations in two parents and 78 offsprings. Among them, 412 markers (15.9%) were polymorphic and segregated in the mapping family. Chi-square tests showed that 151 (84.4%) markers segregated according to the expected 1:1 Mendelian ratio (P0.05) in the female parent, and 200 (85.8%) in the male parent. For the female map, 179 markers were used for linkage analysis and 90 markers were assigned to 17 linkage groups with an average interval length of 25.7 cm. For the male map, 233 markers were used and 94 were mapped into 18 linkage groups, with an average interval of 25.0 cm. The estimated genome length was 2 773.0 cm for the female and 2 817.1 cm for the male map. The observed length of the linkage map was 1 875.2 cm and 1 896.5 cm for the female and male maps, respectively. When doublets were considered, the map length increased to 2 152.8 cm for the female and 2 032.7 cm for the male map, corresponding to genome coverage of 77.6% and 72.2%, respectively.     

中国失踪人口的时空格局演变与形成机制

人口失踪作为一种复杂的社会问题,给家庭和社会造成了严重危害.在尊重生命与保障人权的现实背景下,对失踪人口开展深入研究具有重要意义.利用"中国儿童失踪预警平台(CCSER)"数据,综合运用文本分析、数理统计、空间分析等方法,管窥了2015-2019年中国失踪人口的基本特征、时空格局演变与形成机制.结果表明:①失踪人口中男...     

马氏珠母贝微卫星快速分离及遗传多样性分析

马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii Dunker)又称合浦珠母贝,是世界上用于生产海水珍珠的最主要贝类之一.自60年代我国成功地开展马氏珠母贝的人工育苗以来,海水珍珠养殖业发展迅速,至20世纪90年代,海水珍珠养殖已成为广东、广西和海南沿海部分地区的支柱产业,海水珍珠成为出口创汇的重要产品.海水珍珠产业的发展仅靠采捕天然野生的亲贝已不能满足生产的需要,越来越多地用人工养殖的亲贝进行人工繁殖.而采用少数亲贝(尤其是养殖亲贝)的育苗导致近亲繁殖,使马氏珠母贝种质资源出现了退化,在海水珍珠养殖上产生的直接后果是珍珠的质量和产量(单产)明显下降.     

电阻率测深法在陕西富平地区寻找水泥用灰岩的应用

利用电阻率测深法寻找水泥用灰岩,通过对测深数据进行定量反演,确定灰岩的分布范围和覆盖层厚度。     

潮汕海岸带河-海交互区沉积环境及小型底栖动物群落结构研究

河口三角洲是人类活动最为剧烈的区域, 陆海作用复杂, 生态环境脆弱。2021年6月以潮汕韩江三角洲河口群为研究区, 开展了河-海交互区沉积环境和小型底栖动物群落综合研究。结果表明, 研究区沉积物以黏土质粉砂为主, 中值粒径为6.66~1 301.34 μm; 盐度为15.91~35.11, 具有典型的河-海交互区特征; 有机碳(TOC)、叶绿素a (chl a)、脱镁叶绿酸含量(Phaeo)均呈现由陆向海减少趋势。重金属Cu和Zn、Phaeo、透明度和砂含量是造成沉积环境差异的主要因素。共鉴定出13个小型底栖动物主要类群, 其中自由生活海洋线虫在丰度和生物量上均为最优势类群(90%和38%), 桡足类和多毛类居次。小型底栖动物的平均丰度和生物量(干重)分别为(295±195) inds./10 cm²和(277.8±202.8) μg/10 cm²,整体上从陆向海呈增加趋势, 在不同河口断面间差异显著。盐度和河口也是控制小型底栖动物群落空间分布的主要因素, 真盐区(盐度>30)的群落相似性较高。小型底栖动物丰度、生物量和物种数与Phaeo和重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd)呈负相关关系; 解释小型底栖动物群落结构差异的最佳环境组合是盐度和重金属Cd含量。基于重金属、有机污染指数及海洋线虫与桡足类比值三种环境评价方法, 其结果均显示污染较严重的区域位于河口入海口门处。研究结果可为海岸带资源保护、生态监测以及基于生态系统实施综合管理提供基础数据支撑。     

核电厂环境放射性本底调查现场工作技术方法

针对某核电厂环境放射性本底调查项目,在明确调查目的和调查内容基础上,依据相关标准规范,结合调查范围内自然和社会环境状况,形成一套高效、实用的现场工作技术方法,并解决了样品采集、测量参数的设定等一系列关键问题,为后续同类项目的顺利实施积累了宝贵经验。     

2003年3月北大西洋上两个爆发性气旋的“吞并”过程及发展机制分析

本文利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts,ECMWF)提供的0.125(°)×0.125(°)的ERA-Interim再分析资料、美国国家航空航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration,NASA)提供的MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)可见光云图、气象卫星合作研究所(Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies,CIMSS)提供的GOES-EAST红外卫星云图等资料以及WRF(Weather Research and Forecasting)数值模式的模拟结果,对2003年3月北大西洋上一个爆发性气旋B“吞并”另一个气旋A后快速发展机制进行了分析。气旋A和B均生成于美国东部,气旋A于2003年3月5日06 UTC生成,气旋B于6日00 UTC生成,且比气旋A向东北方向移动得更快,7日18 UTC达到最大加深率3.27 hPa·h^-1。在北大西洋中部地区,从8日00 UTC开始,气旋B吞并气旋A后形成气旋C,8日12 UTC气旋C中心气压达到最低值938.3 hPa。高空急流、低空水汽输送和潜热释放为气旋A和气旋B的快速发展提供了有利的环流背景场。气旋B吞并气旋A的过程经历三个阶段:前期阶段、吞并阶段、完成阶段。利用WRF模式模拟结果的分析表明,气旋A和B之间建立水汽输运通道,水汽从气旋A向气旋B输送。气旋B吞并气旋A后形成气旋C快速发展的主要原因是暖平流的作用。     

Preliminary genetic linkage map of the abalone Haliotis diversicolor Reeve

Haliotis diversicolor Reeve is one of the most important mollusks cultured in South China. Preliminary genetic linkage maps were constructed with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 2 596 AFLP markers were obtained from 28 primer combinations in two parents and 78 offsprings. Among them, 412 markers (15.9%) were polymorphic and segregated in the mapping family. Chi-square tests showed that 151 (84.4%) markers segregated according to the expected 1:1 Mendelian ratio (P<0.05) in the female parent, and 200 (85.8%) in the male parent. For the female map, 179 markers were used for linkage analysis and 90 markers were assigned to 17 linkage groups with an average interval length of 25.7 cm. For the male map, 233 markers were used and 94 were mapped into 18 linkage groups, with an average interval of 25.0 cm. The estimated genome length was 2 773.0 cm for the female and 2 817.1 cm for the male map. The observed length of the linkage map was 1 875.2 cm and 1 896.5 cm for the female and male maps, respectively. When doublets were considered, the map length increased to 2 152.8 cm for the female and 2 032.7 cm for the male map, corresponding to genome coverage of 77.6% and 72.2%, respectively.     

上海市海洋资源价值核算研究

伴随着全球资源与环境压力的不断增加,对海洋资源的合理开发利用已成为当今的热点,海洋资源价值核算的研究为合理开发利用海洋资源提供了理论依据。文章以上海为研究对象,以2010年为基准年,以收益还原法为基本方法,开展了对水产资源、港址资源、滨海旅游资源、风能资源、东海油田资源的价值量核算。结果表明：2010年上海主要海洋资源价值总量为26989．11亿元,不同资源价值量差距很大,其中滨海旅游资源占总价值量的96．9％,占主导地位;水产资源、石油资源仅占0．36％和0．02％。