作物霜冻与低温强度及冰核菌密度的关系

应用辐射型霜箱进行控制试验，研究玉米霜冻害程度与低温强度和冰核菌密度的关系。结果表明逻辑斯蒂克(logistic)方程只有在没有冰核菌或冰核菌密度很小的条件下才能描述霜冻与温度的关系，而理查兹(Richards)方程能够在各种冰核菌密度下很好地描述三者的关系。进而讨论了这种关系在确定霜冻指标，制作霜冻预报，选用防霜方法等方面的应用。     

准噶尔和吐哈盆地侏罗系煤层气储集特征

西北侏罗纪陆相盆地低煤级煤层气藏勘探开发近年来受到越来越多的关注,煤层气成藏机制是该区煤层气勘探开发的重要基础工作,而煤层气储集是煤层气成藏的关键地质过程。研究表明：准噶尔、土哈两个侏罗纪陆相盆地低煤级煤储层具有高孔容、高孔比表面积、高游离气储集潜力和低原位吸附气体能力的特征,深部煤储层储集气量显著高于浅部煤储层;浅部煤储层中基本上为吸附气,深部煤储层中吸附气、游离气、溶解气共存,游离气的重要性随埋深增加而增大;构造高点和构造圈闭对深部煤层气成藏具有重大影响,煤层气与常规气兼探与共采在理论上可行。深部煤层气藏可能较浅部煤层气藏更具开发价值。     

中国近海域际水、热、盐输运: 全球变网格 模式结果

建立了一个全球大洋变网格环流数值模式, 中国近海的分辨率为1/6°.由模式得出了通过南海和东海开边界的体积、热、盐输运的各月和全年平均值. 所得结果与已有的基于观测所得的体积输运估计值有良好一致性. 结果显示, 通过南海加入印尼贯穿流的体积、热、盐输运值为5.3 Sv, 0.57 PW和184 Gg·s^-1, 约占印尼贯穿流的1/4, 表明南海是太平洋到印度洋贯穿流的重要通道之一. 东海的黑潮输运值各为25.6 Sv, 2.32 PW和894 Gg·s^-1, 其中不到1/4通过西表岛与冲绳岛之间的水道. 热平衡计算表明, 南海从太阳和大气获得净热通量, 其值为0.08 PW; 而大气则从渤黄东海获得净热通量, 其值为0.05 PW.     

Study on numerical simulation and dynamic mechanism of winter-time circulation in the eastern China seas

An MOM2 based 3-dimentional prognostic baroclinic Z-ordinate model was established to study the circulation in eastern China seas, considering the topography, inflow and outflow on the open boundary, wind stress, temperature and salinity exchange on the sea surface. The results were consistent with observation and showed that the Kuroshio intrudes in large scale into the East China Sea continental shelf East China, during which its water is exchanged ceaselessly with outer sea water along Ryukyu Island. The Tsushima Warm Current is derived from several sources, a branch of the Kuroshio, part of the Taiwan Warm Current, and Yellow Sea mixed water coming from the west of Cheju Island. The water from the west of Cheju Island contributes approximately 13% of the Isushima Warm Current total transport through the Korea Strait. The circulation in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea is basically cyclonic circulation, and is comprised of coastal currents and the Yellow Sea Warm Current. Besides simulation of the real circulation, numerical experiments were conducted to study the dynamic mechanism. The numerical experiments indicated that wind directly drives the East China Sea and Yellow Sea Coastal Currents, and strengthens the Korea Coastal Current and Yellow Sea Warm Current. In the no wind case, the kinetic energy of the coastal current area and main YSWC area is only 1% of that of the wind case.Numerical experiments also showed that the Tsushima Warm Current is of great importance to the formation of the Korea Coastal Current and Yellow Sea Warm Current.     

垃圾卫生填埋衬垫系统工程地质研究的若干进展与问题

总结了衬垫材料、结构、渗滤液运移规律、污染质与岩土体的耦合关系等方面的研究进展,分析了中国城市卫生填埋衬垫系统在机理研究和工程实践中存在的问题。提出了衬垫系统的工程地质研究思路,将垃圾体、衬垫作为统一的人工地质体系统,利用工程地质学理论和研究方法,研究这一人工地质体系统在渗滤液、填埋气体等作用下的工程地质规律与特征及其与天然地质体之间的矛盾协调关系。     

从讲政治的高度严格土地管理

随着各地工业化程度不断加深,经济社会发展呈现出了新的发展态势,各地为抢项目、上项目纷纷出台了一些优惠政策,随之而来的就是大量土地被征用,大批农民失去土地,保护土地和发展经济之间出现不和谐的音符,由此引发了一连串的问题。解决因发展而带来的问题,做到发展经济与保护土地协调一致,应当做好以下几点:认真贯彻温家宝总理重要谈话及国土资源部紧急通知精神。温总理的谈话,贯穿了科学发展观和党的执政理念,准确把握了当前现实与变化趋势,提出了不少新的重要论断,内容更为丰富,要求更加严格。作为地市级政府来说最主要的就是要认真学习领…     

济阳坳陷石炭二叠系暗色泥岩微量元素赋存特征及其地质意义

在对Sc、Co、Ni、Ga、Rb、Sr、Mo、Ba等微量元素进行电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）测试和对泥岩粘土矿物进行x射线衍射相对定量分析的基础上,结合骨架砂岩岩石薄片镜下观察结果,采用Sr-Rb—Ba-Sc多元素标准化图解,分析了济阳坳陷石炭二叠系暗色泥岩微量元素赋存特征及其所指示的海陆沉积相变化、火山事件、物源等方面的地质意义。研究结果表明：（1）济阳坳陷暗色泥岩微量元素含量普遍比华北地台同时期沉积物高（Ba除外）。（2）济阳坳陷本溪组和太原组下部发育海相沉积以及上石盒子组曾发生数次规模较大的海侵,表现为在Sr-Rb-Ba-Sc标准化图解中sr上扬,或Rb-Ba—Sc近似呈直线;局限台地相沉积可能造成其上部相邻地层泥岩中Rb、Sr发生异常。（3）在济阳坳陷石炭二叠系骨架砂岩岩石薄片中观察到自形石英、港湾状石英、聚片双晶长石、保存较好的挠曲状云母,推测石炭二叠系受到多次火山作用影响;Sr-Rb—Ba-Sc标准化图解中Rb异常可能揭示火山作用的影响,而Rb异常的泥岩样品通常高岭石含量非常高（〉70％）,且伊利石含量非常低（〈5％）。（4）Rb-Ba-Sc标准化图解显示济阳坳陷石炭二叠系物源区可能是华北地台北部的古老岩体,母岩岩浆来自上地壳。     

采样频率及样本容量对明渠紊流统计值的影响

为了研究采样频率和样本容量对明渠紊流统计特征值的影响,利用粒子图像测速技术,对明渠恒定均匀水流的二维流速分布进行测量,获得了包含340535个样本的流场时间序列.对该大容量时间序列进行抽样,得到不同采样频率和容量条件下的一系列子序列.对比分析各子序列的时均流速、紊动强度及雷诺应力的变化特点,发现存在临界的采样频率和样本容量,紊动统计特征参数在临界值以下波动较大,而在临界值以上基本趋于稳定;要满足同一测量精度,时均流速对采样频率和样本容量的要求最低,紊动强度次之,雷诺应力最高.     

RAPD标记在遗传育种中的应用

本文综述了ＲＡＰＤ技术在遗传育种中的应用，同时对ＲＡＰＤ技术在海洋生物遗传育种中的前景作了一些探讨。     

Forecasts of South China Sea surface temperature anomalies using the Niño indices and dipole mode index as predictors

Based on an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the monthly NCEP Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) data in the South China Sea (SCS) after removing the climatological mean and trends of SST, over the period of January 1982 to October 2003, the corresponding TCF correlates best with the Dipole Mode Index (DMI), Niño1+2, Niño3.4, Niño3, and Niño4 indices with time lags of 10, 3, 6, 5, and 6 months, respectively. Thus, a statistical hindcasts in the prediction model are based on a canonical correlation analysis (CCA) model using the above indices as predictors spanning from 1993/1994 to 2003/2004 with a 1–12 month lead time after the canonical variants are calculated, using data from the training periods from January 1982 to December1992. The forecast model is successful and steady when the lead times are 1–12 months. The SCS warm event in 1998 was successfully predicted with lead times from 1–12 months irrespective of the strength or time extent. The prediction ability for SSTA is lower during weak ENSO years, in which other local factors should be also considered as local effects play a relatively important role in these years. We designed the two forecast models: one using both DMI and Niño indices and the other using only Niño indices without DMI, and compared the forecast accuracies of the two cases. The spatial distributions of forecast accuracies show different confidence areas. By turning off the DMI, the forecast accuracy is lower in the coastal areas off the Philippines in the SCS, suggesting some teleconnection may occur with the Indian Ocean in this area. The highest forecast accuracies occur when the forecast interval is five months long without using the DMI, while using both of Niño indices and DMI, the highest accuracies occur when the forecast interval time is eight months, suggesting that the Niño indices dominate the interannual variability of SST anomalies in the SCS. Meanwhile the forecast accuracy is evaluated over an independent test period of more than 11 years (1993/94 to October 2004) by comparing the model performance with a simple prediction strategy involving the persistence of sea surface temperature anomalies over a 1–12 month lead time (the persisted prediction). Predictions based on the CCA model show a significant improvement over the persisted prediction, especially with an increased lead time (longer than 3 months). The forecast model performs steadily and the forecast accuracy, i.e., the correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted SSTA in the SCS are about 0.5 in most middle and southern SCS areas, when the thresholds are greater than the 95% confidence level. For all 1 to 12 month lead time forecasts, the root mean square errors have a standard deviation of about 0.2. The seasonal differences in the prediction performance for the 1–12 month lead time are also examined.