厦门西海域赤潮成因与细菌量相关性的研究

研究厦门西海域的细菌量,分析其与有机质和营养盐(氮、磷)的关系,以及对浮游植物数量的影响.发现它们之间存在着相互依存和互相制约关系,即细菌的活动与数量的变化,直接或间接地影响到浮游植物的生长.进而表明细菌量与赤潮成因可能存在着一定的内在联系.     

太平洋和南极普里慈湾及其邻近海域中微生物量的分布特征

研究了太平洋和南极普里兹湾及其邻近海域细菌数量分布特征,并就其与诸环境因素的影响进行限讨论,结果表明,所调查的太平洋和南极普里兹湾及其邻近海域的细菌数量分布大都处于１０－１０＾８个／ｄｍ＾３范围之内,发现太平洋中部的细菌数量分布高于其东部和西部,这主要与中部海域含有丰富的生物营养物质有关,由于受到水动力的影响,太平洋某些站位水层（０－５０ｍ,５００－７００ｍ）中出现高细菌量值,发现南极普里兹湾及其     

Distribution of Fecal Coliform Group in Coastal Waters in Xiamen Harbour

Distribution of fecal coliform group in the coastal waters in Xiamen Harbor was investigated. The detectable numbers of fecal coliform group were generally 10~2—10~3/1000 ml or 10~3—10~4/1000ml, except more than 10~4/1000ml at a few stations contaminated severely. The numbers were influenced by tidal change, decreasing in the order of low tide>ebb     

THE HETEROTROPHIC MICROBES IN DRY VALLEYS VICTORIA LAND AND ROSS ISLAND, ANTARCTICA

During the expedition from Dec. 1981 to Feb. 1982, Dry Valley, Victoria and Ross Island Beach in Antarctica were visited. From ten stations samples of water, soil, snows and seawater were collected, from which heterotrophic microbes (including bacteria, yeast and fungi) were isolated and identified. Results show that there are ten genera of bacteria, nine genera of yeast and nine genera of fungi. Most of the strains grow at the temperatures of 20℃ and 5℃, while a few grow only below 5℃. More bacterial genera were isolated from the beach and nearby lakes than those from the inland Dry Valley, indicating the relations between the strain composition and geographical location and environmental conditions of the polar zone.     

Corrosion of Metal Materials by Fungi

Microbial corrosion of metal materials can be due mainly to a number of differentgrounps of organism, including bacterium, fungus, yeast and protozoa. Fungi not only de-teriorate some metal materials with above others, but also under given conditions cause metalsto corrode themselves or lead to further extended procession of metal corrosion. The paperstudies corrosion of fungi on metal materials, and deals briefly with the material selecting     

南极维多利亚干谷和罗斯岛的异养微生物

本文报道了1981年12月—1932年2月,在参加新西兰组织的南极维多利亚干谷和罗斯岛海滨考察中,从10个采样点采集了水、泥、雪和海水样品,进行了包括细菌、酵母菌和霉菌等异养菌的分离和鉴定,鉴定结果表明有10属的细菌,9属的酵母菌和9属的霉菌.大部分菌株能在20℃和5℃生长,极个别菌株只能在5℃以下才能生长,从海滨及附近湖泊分离的菌属多于从内陆干谷样品中分离的菌属,表现了菌类组成和极地地理位置和环境条件的关系.     

海水养虾池的几种致病弧菌生态

研究了对虾养成期中养殖海水和虾体中弧菌的数量变化、种类组成及其相关因素，初步探讨了弧菌数量与虾病的关系。结果表明，无论养殖水和虾作中弧菌检出率均为100％，养殖水中弧菌测值为2.3×102～4．9×105个／dm3，均值1．78×105个／dm3；虾体中弧菌数是4.4×102～2．9×106个／g，均值为2.9×104个／g。出现于虾体和养殖水中的弧菌有副溶血弧菌（Vibrioparahaemolyticus）、溶藻弧菌（Vibrioalginolyticus）、创伤弧菌（Vibriovulnificus）、河弧菌（Vibriofluvialis）和模拟弧菌（Vibriomimicus）．其中副溶血弧菌和溶藻弧菌是各地的优势种。检测期间，虾池水的生化和理化因素较稳定，对弧菌数量无明显影响。个别虾池出现虾病与弧菌数量较高有关。以分离菌株进行浸染试验的结果表明，副溶血弧菌和溶藻弧菌能使对虾出现与病虾同样的病症。     

STUDY OF MARINE MICROFOULING ORGANISMSSOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MICROFOULING TO FIVEMATERIAL SURFACES OBSERVED BY THE SCANINGELECTRON MICROSCOPE

In the last few years, scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been widely used to observeand study community structure and succession of the microfouling organisms on various solid surfaces immersed in the sea, polysaccharide components of bacterial slime layer, two-tier microfouling layer structure , metal corrosion products in the attached process and character-istics of attached microorganisms on the coating surfaces. The SEM observations indicated that substrate components exposed to natural seawater are one of the important factors affecting microbial adhesion. The present paper examined the influences of several metal materials, from which ship is usually made on microbial adhesion during the exposure to seawater by the SEM and discussed the material selecting problems from the anti-microfouling point of view.     

微生物对海洋环境中金属材料腐蚀影响的初步研究

微生物分布广泛,影响金属腐蚀的因素众多,在自然环境中,难以对微生物腐蚀问题进行单因子研究;而在实验室内,许多研究者往往只利用一个或几个菌株,在人工配制的培养基中研究其对金属腐蚀作用,本文采用室内模拟方法,研究几种细菌以及微生物天然混合区系,对处在海洋环境的不同介质中五种金属材料腐蚀的影响.