川东气田盐岩、膏盐岩蠕变特性试验研究

对川东气田盐岩、膏盐岩进行了矿物组分测定,采用TAW-1000深水孔隙压力伺服试验系统进行了蠕变试验,分析了固有的矿物组分及偏应力、温度、围压对蠕变的影响,结合蠕变曲线和岩石参数,提出了稳态蠕变速率本构方程。研究表明：川东气田盐岩、膏盐岩矿物组分以NaCl、CaSO4为主,其中NaCl含量最高可达93%以上;岩石固有的矿物组分是影响岩石蠕变特性的内因,随NaCl含量增加,瞬态蠕变、稳态蠕变速率相应增大;随偏应力、温度的增加稳态蠕变速率增大,围压对其影响不大;通过试验数据拟合得出赫德（Heard）蠕变本构方程中的参数,求出不同偏应力、温度下盐岩、膏盐岩的稳态蠕变速率,为川东气田盐岩、膏盐岩地层安全钻进泥浆密度窗口计算和套管非正常变形分析提供了理论依据。     

新疆西气东输工程征地调查展开

国家重点建设项目西气东输三线（新疆段）管道工程征地联合调查工作全面展开。新疆段建设用地涉及伊犁州、塔城地区、博州、昌吉州、乌鲁木齐市、吐鲁番地区、哈密地区7个地州市的26个县市（含团场）,管道在新疆境内的长度为1360公里,预算总投资364亿元。     

新疆：顿巴斯套金矿勘查取得重大突破

近日,新疆青河县顿巴斯套金矿勘查项目取得重大突破,矿区及外围预计可新增金资源量6吨,保守估计潜在经济价值约50亿元。     

地震损失评估及应急反应系统的实例验证

林甸(Ms=5.1)地震发生于2005年7月25日,震中靠近大庆油田.该地震对大庆油田造成一定的破坏和损失,为原有的大庆油田地震损失评估与应急反应系统提供了验证实例.按照林甸地震的参数设定地震、评估震害,对比评估的结果和地面调查结果,差异较大.确定差异产生的主要原因是:(1)系统选取的烈度衰减关系与这次地震的烈度衰减关系不符;(2)系统空间数据存储方式的简化.通过平移等震线至宏观震中、同倍率放大等震线和更改计算单元等方法,深入分析系统评估结果和地面调查结果间的差异,指出改善评估精度、进一步发展完善此类系统的关键点.     

全吸力范围非饱和持水函数和渗透性函数的预测模型

非饱和土的持水函数和渗透性函数是刻画其持水能力和水分运移的基本参数。由于物理机制不同,持水函数及渗透性函数在毛细阶段和吸附阶段的特征有显著差异。多数传统的持水和渗透性函数仅考虑了毛细阶段内,毛细水的持水和渗透特性,不能表征吸附阶段内吸附水的特征。为使传统函数模型在吸附阶段也适用,以传统VG持水函数和VG-M渗透性函数为基础,用修正参数C(ψ)修正VG持水函数,并以此确定非饱和土的残余值ψ_r,区分毛细水的毛细流动和吸附水的薄膜流动。基于薄膜流动的特点,提出参数Γ(ψ),改进了传统VG-M渗透性函数在吸附阶段内低估非饱和渗透系数这一问题,从而建立了全吸力范围的渗透性函数模型。最后用3组持水及渗透性试验结果验证修正模型的合理性,结果表明修正持水函数模型和渗透性函数模型的预测结果在吸附阶段较传统模型更符合实测结果。     

低渗碳酸盐岩储层深度酸化酸液体系优选与评价

叙利亚碳酸盐岩稠油油藏储层渗透率低,冷采产量低,达不到经济开采界限,热采注汽困难,效率低。针对这些问题,开
展了深度酸化研究,研制了一种多组分缓速转向酸酸液体系,并测试了其酸岩反应速度,同时采用双源CT扫描仪、扫描电镜、透射
电镜、压汞分析以及酸溶薄片法分析了酸化前后岩心的变化。结果显示新研制出的多组分缓速转向酸的酸岩反应速度比常规盐
酸小了一个数量级,具有较好的缓速效果,酸化后的岩心孔隙度、渗透率、孔喉半径均有大幅的提高,酸蚀溶孔明显,喉道能够贯穿
整个岩心。      

甘肃省阿万仓湿地旅游开发生态风险评价及管理对策

协调好生态环境保护和发展之间关系是生态文明建设的核心,在景区建设初期对旅游开发可能造成的生态风险进行评估有利于防范可能出现的生态环境问题,促进旅游生态环境保护与旅游业可持续发展.本文基于对甘肃省阿万仓湿地生态风险源与风险受体的分析,构建了阿万仓湿地旅游开发的生态风险评价指标体系,运用德尔菲法和风险评估指数法对其旅游开发已经或可能造成的生态风险进行分级,并针对不同风险等级提出管理对策.研究结果表明:旅游开发对阿万仓湿地产生的负面影响中,对当地文化的冲击、植被覆盖率降低、水体污染是最需要重视的问题.     

无机流体成分催化生烃的实验

以松树皮(枝)分别与硫酸盐、金属元素等无机流体成分配制样品,置于恒温箱内,采用室内常压、恒温80℃的条件下长时间反应的模拟实验的方法模拟有机质在沉积后和成岩早期的腐变过程。对模拟实验中的样品进行持续观察,观察无机流体成分对油气生成所产生的影响;并对样品分别进行了族组分分离、分析。结果表明:无机流体成分不同,样品的出油情况也不尽相同,而且会对可溶抽提物产生影响。     

基于径向基函数神经网络的探空仪湿度传感器曲线拟合

针对数字式探空仪上采用的XGH-02型高分子碳膜湿敏电阻湿度感应元件,采用正规化径向基函数(RBF)神经网络模型对其进行曲线拟合,与传统的曲线拟合效果相比较,寻求一种更加准确的湿度传感器标定和误差的校准模型。用训练样本和检验样本对建立的RBF模型分别进行训练和检验结果表明,建立的RBF模型有效提高了湿敏电阻的准确度,其测量的最大误差为2.0298%(RH),明显好于采用现用公式的测量准确度。     

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS AND THERMO- DYNAMIC DEVELOPMENT MECHANISMS OF TWO TYPES OF WARM-SECTOR HEAVY RAINFALL ALONG THE SOUTH CHINA COAST

Warm-sector heavy rainfalls along the south China coast from April to June during 2009–2014 can be divided into two main types based on their low-level circulations. Type I is the southerly pattern with meridional convergence line at the west of the Pearl River estuary, which is formed by the convergence of southeasterly, southerly, and southwesterly flows. Type II is the southwesterly pattern with a latitudinal convergence line at the east of the Pearl River estuary, which is formed by the convergence of westerly and southwesterly flows. Statistics on 6-hourly heavy rainfall events indicates that, during the afore-mentioned 6 years, there were on average 73.2 occurrences of the southerly pattern and 50.3 occurrences of the southwesterly pattern per year. After the onset of summer monsoon in the South China Sea, the occurrence frequencies of both patterns increase remarkably. The synthetic diagnosis of pattern circulation shows that, at 500 hPa, for the southerly pattern, there is a broad warm high ridge, and a temperature ridge is behind the high ridge, which causes an obvious warm advection at the high ridge area. There is no frontal region. For the southwesterly pattern, the circulation is a weak trough with a temperature trough behind it. The position of the frontal region is near Yangzi River, and the south China coast is in the warm-sector of the frontal region. At the vertical cross-section of each of the two categories of heavy rainfall, there is a strong vertical motion center stretching to 400 hPa, where the convergence layer in the rainfall region is deep and with several vertical convergence centers overlapping one another. Both types of heavy rainfalls are with abundant water vapor, accompanied with deep convective instability energy layers, and with strong release of latent heat caused by condensation of water vapor. The release of latent heat leads to the warming-up and stretching of the air column, thus strengthens deep convergence and vertical velocity upward. There is a stronger latent heat-release in the southwesterly pattern than in the southerly pattern, while in the southerly pattern, the warm advection at middle and upper levels is stronger than the latent head release. To study the thermo-dynamic development mechanisms, weather research and forecasting model (WRF) numerical simulations are made and the results show that, in the two rainstorm regions, latent heat release warms up the air column, hence significantly increase the depth and strength of the vertical velocity. Moreover, the release of latent heat strengthens convergent circulation at lower levels and weakens divergent circulation at middle levels, whose influence can be as strong as 30%–50% of the wind circulation strength of the two types of the warm-sector heavy rainfall over the south China coast, and further enhances deep convection, promoting warm-sector storm development.