多属性直觉模糊容差粗糙集模型

在直觉模糊信息系统的背景下提出了基于容差关系的直觉模糊粗糙集模型,从乐观悲观两个角度出发对目标集进行刻画,是对目标集的一种新的逼近方法,同时,可以发现乐观与悲观上下近似的关系.通过求解近似精度可以发现乐观直觉模糊粗糙集模型的近似精度更高.最后给出实证分析,进一步验证结论的有效性.     

虾海草的研究进展

虾海草属(Phyllospadix)共有五种,其中两种是西北太平洋沿岸的特有种,三种是东北太平洋沿岸的特有种。虾海草草床为鱼类提供产卵、育幼和索饵场所。然而,由于自然条件的变迁和人类活动的影响,几乎所有的虾海草草床都处于衰退状态,山东半岛沿岸曾经十分丰富的虾海草资源也几乎消失殆尽。目前,我国对虾海草的研究很少。以美国为主的学者对虾海草的三个美洲特有种进行了大量研究,而以日本和韩国为主的学者则对其中两个亚洲特有种进行了一些研究。本文通过查阅文献资料,对虾海草形态、生长、生理和繁殖等内容进行了综述,并对我国今后的研究方向进行了展望,旨在为我国今后开展虾海草的研究提供借鉴。     

大头鳕Gadus macrocephalus Tilesius摄食食性的初步研究

于2002年11月、12月共采集67尾黄海大头鳕，对其胃含物进行了初步分析。结果表明：大头鳕食物中出现的主要种类有鱼类、甲壳类、瓣鳃类、头足类、蛇尾类和海绵等六个生物类群，共22多种，其中主要有小黄鱼、方氏云鳚、大头鳕、脊腹褐虾、太平洋磷虾等。本文还对不同年份大头鳕食饵更替进行了探讨。     

"偏滩法"在中小型渔船修理上的应用

国内小型木质渔船(几十kW)常见利用潮差将船舶搁置在浅滩上对水线下部分进行必要的修理,而中型渔船(441kW-735kW)极少见利用潮差对船舶水线下部分进行修理.本文介绍在西非塞拉里昂的中国水产集团公司塞拉里昂代表处利用当地条件根据潮差对441kW-588kW渔船进行水线下的修理.     

中国废水处理甲烷排放特征和减排潜力分析

废弃物处理温室气体排放的主要排放源之一为废水（生活污水和工业废水）处理CH₄排放。根据统计资料和IPCC提供的方法,选择适合中国的排放因子,分析了中国废水处理2005-2010年的CH₄排放特征和2000-2010年CH₄产生的各驱动因子。并且根据中国的实际情况预测和分析了中国废水处理CH₄排放趋势和排放潜力。结果显示：2010年中国生活污水处理CH₄排放量为61.10万t,工业废水处理的CH₄排放量为162.37万t,造纸等八大行业CH₄排放量达到总CH₄排放量的92%以上,2005-2010年的CH₄排放量逐年增加;到2020年在减排情景下,生活污水处理CH₄排放量为101.36万t,减排潜力为7.63万t,比2010年排放量增加了66%;工业废水处理CH₄排放量233.93万t,减排潜力为25.99万t,比2010年排放量增加了44%。     

基于深度学习的卫星影像立体匹配算法

卫星影像立体匹配是大规模地球表面重建的重要步骤之一,现有研究相对较少,且存在匹配效果不佳、模型泛化能力较差等问题。本文提出了一种基于深度学习的卫星影像立体匹配算法,算法流程包括数据集构建、立体匹配网络搭建、多级迁移学习及后处理。首先将裁剪得到的核线影像对输入改进的注意力成本网络,完成特征提取、注意力成本构建、视差估计与视差优化;然后经多级迁移学习训练的网络,可适应不同数据源,预测得到视差图;最后对视差图进行自适应后处理,以消除错误匹配。使用吉林一号高分02、高分04系列卫星影像进行试验,获取的视差图精度优于1像素,表明使用本文算法可获取准确、清晰的视差估计,决定了后续高质量数字表面模型结果的生成。     

1989年3月太阳事件对中低纬低电离层的影响

在1989年3月特大太阳事件期间,我们在武昌电离层观象台进行了连续的VLF,LF无线电传播测量,接收挪威的奥米加台的13.6kHz的VLF讯号和罗兰-C西北太平洋链Z台100kHz的LF天波讯号。分析所得的资料并与相应的武昌地磁K指数的比较表明:在3月6日—20日期间,伴随大的地磁扰动,VLF、LF无线电讯号也均出现比较大的扰动,白天和夜间均有较大的相位超前,LF幅度起伏加大,平均值减小。这     

青岛近海多棘海盘车繁殖生物学的初步研究

通过常规生物学测定、解剖观察和组织切片方法,对2011年6月~2012年5月采自青岛浮山湾海域的多棘海盘车(Asterias amurensis)样本进行繁殖生物学研究。结果表明:青岛近海多棘海盘车的繁殖季节为10月至次年1月;雌雄发育同步,性比为1.05∶1;根据卵巢和精巢的外观特征、组织学结构特点和性成熟系数,可将两者的发育分为Ⅰ~Ⅵ期,每个分期具有不同的性腺结构特点和配子特征;海水温度和日照长短会影响性腺发育,温度降低会刺激个体繁殖;性腺生长由消化腺提供能量,性成熟系数和消化腺指数在一周年内呈负相关关系。     

Seasonal variation in species composition and abundance of demersal fish and invertebrates in a Seagrass Natural Reserve on the eastern coast of the Shandong Peninsula,China

Seagrass habitats are structurally complex ecosystems, which support high productivity and biodiversity. In temperate systems the density of seagrass may change seasonally, and this may influence the associated fish and invertebrate community. Little is known about the role of seagrass beds as possible nursery areas for fish and invertebrates in China. To study the functioning of a seagrass habitat in northern China, demersal fish and invertebrates were collected monthly using traps, from February 2009 to January 2010. The density, leaf length and biomass of the dominant seagrass Zostera marina and water temperature were also measured. The study was conducted in a Seagrass Natural Reserve(SNR) on the eastern coast of the Shandong Peninsula, China. A total of 22 fish species and five invertebrate species were recorded over the year. The dominant fish species were Synechogobius ommaturus, Sebastes schlegelii, Pholis fangi, Pagrus major and Hexagrammos otakii and these species accounted for 87% of the total number of fish. The dominant invertebrate species were Charybdis japonica and Octopus variabilis and these accounted for 98% of the total abundance of invertebrates. There was high temporal variation in species composition and abundance. The peak number of fish species occurred in August–October 2009, while the number of individual fish and biomass was highest during November 2009. Invertebrate numbers and biomass was highest in March, April, July and September 2009. Temporal changes in species abundance of fishes and invertebrates corresponded with changes in the shoot density and leaf length of the seagrass, Zostera marina.     

Effect of an escape vent in accordion-shaped traps on the catch and size of Asian paddle crabs <Emphasis Type="Italic">Charybdis japonica</Emphasis> in an artificial reef area

Accordion-shaped traps are widely used in China to catch the Asian paddle crab Charybdis japonica but traps of conventional design often catch juvenile crabs. A new type of accordion-shaped trap with an escape vent (L×W=4.3 cm×3.0 cm) was designed and a comparative study between the newly designed and conventional traps was performed in the artificial reef area of Zhuwang, Laizhou Bay, China from June to August 2012. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) of undersized crabs was significantly lower in the vented traps than in the conventional traps (paired t -test, n=30, P<0.001), while the CPUE of marketable crabs was significantly higher in the vented traps (paired t-test, n=30, P<0.001). The mean size of crabs (carapace length) caught in the vented traps was significantly larger than in conventional traps (paired t-test, n=29, P<0.001). The ratio of undersized crabs was 35.05±2.57% in conventional traps and 12.53±0.69% in vented traps (significantly lower, paired t-test, n=29, P<0.001). Therefore, a 4.3 cm×3.0 cm escape vent was considered appropriate for C. japonica fishing in the artificial reef area. This finding will assist the development of more sustainable and efficient crab fishing methods using accordion-shaped traps.