多年冻土融沉性分类研究

在冻土工程中,冻土的融沉性评价是工程地质勘察的主要内容之一,融沉性分类是冻土地基基础设计施工的重要依据．根据345个冻土原状样品融沉压缩试验数据,提出了细砾、砂土、粉土、黏性土、泥炭化黏性土和泥炭质土等6类土的融沉系数一含水量或融沉系数一超塑含水量线性回归方程式,得到与各融沉性分级相应的界限含水量或界限超塑含水量．最后...     

伽利略系统及其对IGS用户提供的潜在利益

详细介绍了伽利略系统的主要技术特性、当前状态,其对IGS带来的潜在利益以及伽利略系统对IGS的倡议行动和长期计划.     

文本地名自动识别的空间信息检索研究

传统GIS中,文本常常被作为非空间信息而被忽视.而在实际应用中,很多有关空间位置的描述都是以文本途径来体现的.文本方式已经成为人们表达和接受空间信息的主要方式之一.地名是文本中最常见的空间信息表达内容.提出了一种基于文本地名自动识别的空间信息检索新方法,从自然语言形态的文本数据中实现地名的自动识别,并将识别的地名与空间...     

大平掌铜多金属矿斜长花岗斑岩中锆石标型研究

大平掌铜多金属矿床位于普洱市约270°方向,平距约40km。大平掌铜多金属矿地处三江成矿带南段,兰坪-思茅盆地内,是重要的富铜多金属矿床之一。区域内斜长花岗斑岩体侵入于含矿火山岩系中,岩体规模较大。岩体与志留系大凹子组火山岩及碎屑岩中,界面清楚,呈不规则状。外接触带围岩仅局部具蚀变褪色现象,岩体受后期改造及强烈风化作用,原生构造     

Historical Evolution of Global and Regional Surface Air Temperature Simulated by FGOALS-s2 and FGOALS-g2: How Reliable Are the Model Results?

In order to assess the performance of two versions of the IAP/LASG Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (FGOALS) model, simulated changes in surface air temperature (SAT), from natural and anthropogenic forcings, were compared to observations for the period 18502005 at global, hemispheric, continental and regional scales. The global and hemispheric averages of SAT and their land and ocean components during 18502005 were well reproduced by FGOALS-g2, as evidenced by significant correlation coefficients and small RMSEs. The significant positive correlations were firstly determined by the warming trends, and secondly by interdecadal fluctuations. The abilities of the models to reproduce interdecadal SAT variations were demonstrated by both wavelet analysis and significant positive correlations for detrended data. The observed land--sea thermal contrast change was poorly simulated. The major weakness of FGOALS-s2 was an exaggerated warming response to anthropogenic forcing, with the simulation showing results that were far removed from observations prior to the 1950s. The observations featured warming trends (19062005) of 0.71, 0.68 and 0.79 (100 yr)-1 for global, Northern and Southern Hemispheric averages, which were overestimated by FGOALS-s2 [1.42, 1.52 and 1.13oC (100 yr)-1] but underestimated by FGOALS-g2 [0.69, 0.68 and 0.73oC (100 yr)-1]. The polar amplification of the warming trend was exaggerated in FGOALS-s2 but weakly reproduced in FGOALS-g2. The stronger response of FGOALS-s2 to anthropogenic forcing was caused by strong sea-ice albedo feedback and water vapor feedback. Examination of model results in 15 selected subcontinental-scale regions showed reasonable performance for FGOALS-g2 over most regions. However, the observed warming trends were overestimated by FGOALS-s2 in most regions. Over East Asia, the meridional gradient of the warming trend simulated by FGOALS-s2 (FGOALS-g2) was stronger (weaker) than observed.     

城市化对辽宁省近地面风速的影响分析

利用1979—2018年辽宁省逐月风速资料和再分析资料,结合卫星遥感分类方法,并采用UMR(urban minus rural)方法和OMR(observation minus reanalysis)方法定量分析了城市化对辽宁省近地面风速的影响。研究表明:近40年辽宁省年和四季风速均呈减小趋势,城市站的减小速率明显快于乡村站,UMR值的变化趋势为-0.11 m·s~(-1)·(10 a)~(-1),城市化影响贡献率为73.3%;空间分布上,辽宁中北部城市群减小趋势较明显,南部和东南部风速减小相对缓慢;UMR方法计算的城市化影响呈现自西向东逐渐增强的纬向分布形势。再分析资料的减小趋势与乡村站的减小趋势较接近,春季风速的减小速率最明显;OMR值的变化趋势为-0.10 m·s~(-1)·(10 a)~(-1),对应的城市化影响贡献率为66.7%,利用两种方法计算得到的城市化影响和贡献率较一致,均能在一定程度上反映城市化对风速的影响。空间分布上,再分析资料显示渤海海峡风速呈微弱增加趋势,风速减小的高值区位于渤海北部和黄海北部。两种方法计算的城市化影响空间分布均呈现为西部和南部受城市化影响较小、中东部受城市化影响较大,一致性较好。     

长江三角洲梅汛期降水与大气环流季节内演变的关系及延伸期预报

基于1981—2020年长江三角洲(简称长三角)地区62个国家基本气象站的逐日降水量资料及NCEP/NCAR全球大气逐日再分析资料,分析了长三角地区梅汛期降水与前期大气环流季节内协同演变的关系,在此基础上利用改进的时空投影方法(STPM)构建了针对该地区梅汛期降水的延伸期预报模型.结果表明:(1)长三角地区梅汛期降水存...     

日照市海岸带沉积物重金属元素分布特征研究

根据日照市海岸带两个重点海滩的沉积物调查资料,综合分析了重金属元素的分布特征。结果表明:由岸向海,森林公园海滩剖面样和海域表层样中重金属元素含量逐渐降低,万平口海滩剖面样中重金属含量逐渐减少,海域表层样中重金属含量先升高后降低;从北部到南部,森林公园海滩剖面样中重金属含量逐渐减少,万平口海滩剖面样中重金属含量先减少后增加,海域表层样中重金属含量变化不大。研究区重金属元素的含量与磁性物质的含量呈正相关,与沉积物的平均粒径呈明显负相关,符合元素粒度控制规律。沉积物中重金属元素等主要污染物含量较少,潜在生态危害系数较小,沉积物质量较好,污染程度较低。     

深化测绘地理信息科技体制改革的思考

测绘强国战略目标的实现[1],有赖于测绘地理信息科技创新能力的提高。党的十八届三中全会将深化科技体制改革作为全面深化改革的重要内容进行了部署。本文以"十一五"以来测绘地理信息科技创新的相关统计数据为基础,指出了测绘地理信息科技体制方面存在的问题,并以加快转变政府职能、健全技术创新的市场导向机制为指导思想,提出了深化测绘地理信息科技体制改革的建议。