闽江口硅藻-盐度转换函数建立

目前国内利用定量分析的方法研究河口区古环境屈指可数,闽江口尚缺乏相关研究,本研究旨在闽江口建立硅藻-盐度转换函数,为今后研究闽江口古环境提供科学依据。在对闽江口表层沉积硅藻进行CCA分析后,结果表明盐度对硅藻属种变化具有最大解释量,并在研究区划分出4个区,Ⅰ区硅藻分布受河口外沿岸水体影响;Ⅱ区硅藻分布受潮汐上溯海水入侵影响;Ⅲ区硅藻分布受到潮汐与径流共同影响;Ⅳ区硅藻分布主要受径流影响。通过剔除异常站位及模型比选等手段确定最优硅藻-盐度转换函数为WA-PLS模型下Component 5模型,转换函数关系式为S拟=0. 25+1. 007S实,并以2. 76的平均误差作为补偿提升转换函数精度。     

闽江口海域表层沉积物中甲藻休眠孢囊的初步研究

对福建闽江口50个站位的海底沉积物样品进行分析,共鉴定出甲藻孢囊17种,隶属7属,主要的种类有锥状斯氏藻(Scrippsiella trochoidea),科夫／无纹多沟藻(Polykrikos kofoidii／schwartzii)、斯氏膝沟藻(G．scrippsae)和具刺膝沟藻(Gonyaulax spinifera)：锥状斯氏藻为最丰富的种：并检出有毒种塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)。研究结果表明,闽江口表层沉积物中的甲藻休眠孢囊主要分布在砂-粉砂-粘土沉积物类型中;有毒甲藻塔玛亚历山大藻有可能在每年5-6月、10-11月对该海域的海洋生物和人类健康及生命安全构成潜在威胁,应加强监测。     

基于地图软件的虚拟地貌考察教学设计——以人教版必修1“营造地表形态的力量”为例

《普通高中地理课程标准(2017年版)》突出了对地理实践力素养培养的要求,教学建议中也明确指出可以尝试运用地图、视频、地理信息技术等资源支持地理实践活动的展开。在实地野外考察受限情况下,本文尝试运用范导式教学原理,将基于网络环境的虚拟地貌考察融入到传统的课堂教学中,利用行图软件的独特功能,为学生营造更加直观、真实的地理学习环境,创造条件帮助学生切实考察并体会真实环境中地貌对人类活动的影响。     

5-羟色胺刺激长牡蛎排放精卵在四倍体诱导中的应用

本文报道了用 5 羟色胺催产出的长牡蛎精、卵 ,人工授精后诱导四倍体的实验结果 .结果表明 :在 2 6℃水温条件下 ,受精后 7min ,用 0 .5mg/dm3细胞松弛素B处理2 5min ,获得长牡蛎的胚胎四倍体 ,其诱导率为 1 6.7%,D形幼虫孵化率为 2 7.0 %;诱导效果优于采用常规解剖法 .注射 5 羟色胺刺激长牡蛎亲贝排放精、卵的有效浓度分别为 1× 1 0 -6 ～ 1× 1 0 -2 mol/dm3和 1× 1 0 -5 ～ 1× 1 0 -3mol/dm3.     

冲绳海槽表层沉积硅藻对黑潮流的响应

本文报道了冲绳海槽表层沉积物中优势硅藻种的相对含量、热带远洋种和硅藻组合的分布特征 ,讨论了热带远洋种的相对含量与黑潮流、硅藻组合的分布与物质来源的关系等问题 .结果表明 ,热带远洋种的相对含量 >2 0 %的界线与黑潮流的边界基本上一致 ;优势硅藻种和硅藻组合的分布留下了与物质来源的关系较为密切的记录 .     

Diatom assemblages in surface sediments from the South China Sea as environmental indicators

We studied diatom distribution from 62 samples from the uppermost 1 cm of sediment in the South China Sea (SCS), using grabs or box corers in three cruises between 2001–2007. Fifty six genera, 256 species and their varieties were identified. Dominating species included Coscinodiscus africanus, Coscinodiscus nodulifer, Cyclotella stylorum, Hemidiscus cuneiformis, Melosira sulcata, Nitzschia marina, Roperia tesselata, Thalassionema nitzschioides, Thalassiosira excentrica, and Thalassiothrix longissima. Most surface sediments in the SCS were rich in diatoms, except for a few coarse samples. Average diatom abundance in the study area was 104 607 valve/g. In terms of the abundance, ecology, and spatial distribution, seven diatom zones (Zones 1–7) were recognized. Zone 1 (northern continental shelf) is affected by warm currents, SCS northern branch of the Kuroshio, and northern coastal currents; Zone 2 (northwestern continental shelf) is affected by intense coastal currents; Zone 3 (Xisha Islands sea area) is a bathyal environment with transitional water masses; Zone 4 (sea basin) is a bathyal-to-deep sea with stable and uniform central water masses in a semi-enclosed marginal sea; Zone 5 (Nansha Islands marine area) is a pelagic environment with relatively high surface temperature; Zone 6 (northern Sunda Shelf) is a tropical shelf environment; and Zone 7 (northern Kalimantan Island shelf area) is affected by warm waters from the Indian Ocean and coastal waters. The data indicate that these diatom zones are closely related to topography, hydrodynamics, temperature, nutrients and especially the salinity. Better understanding of the relationship between diatom distribution and the oceanographic factors would help in the reconstruction of the SCS in the past.